Search results for "FAS"
showing 10 items of 2015 documents
Behavior of fascicles and the myotendinous junction of human medial gastrocnemius following eccentric strength training
2009
This study is the first in which measurements of thickness, fascicle angle and length, and tendon elongation were combined to examine the impact of eccentric strength training on both muscle architecture and tendinous structures. Eighteen healthy male subjects were divided into an eccentric strength training group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 8). The training program consisted of 18 sessions of eccentric exercises over a 7-week period. All subjects were tested at baseline and after the last training session. Using ultrasound imaging, the fascicle angle and length and thickness of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) were analyzed at rest (i.e., theta(p), Fl(p), and t(p), respectively), at 50%…
Lithium and GSK3-β promoter gene variants influence white matter microstructure in bipolar disorder
2013
Lithium is the mainstay for the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD) and inhibits glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK3-beta). The less active GSK3-beta promoter gene variants have been associated with less detrimental clinical features of BD. GSK3-beta gene variants and lithium can influence brain gray matter structure in psychiatric conditions. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures of white matter (WM) integrity showed widespred disruption of WM structure in BD. In a sample of 70 patients affected by a major depressive episode in course of BD, we investigated the effect of ongoing long-term lithium treatment and GSK3-beta promoter rs334558 polymorphism on WM microstructure, using DTI and …
Time and frequency analysis of the static balance in young adults with Down syndrome
2010
The main objective of this study is to understand the differences in equilibrium control between normal subjects and those with Down syndrome. A total of 54 subjects participated voluntarily, divided into control group and Down syndrome group. The equilibrium of the subjects was tested under two conditions: bipedal support with eyes open and closed. The signals were analyzed in a time and frequency domain. The statistical parameters selected (i.e., RMS distance, mean velocity, mean frequency and sway area) to analyze the behavior of the center of pressures (CoP) are calculated employing the result of the combination of the time series data in both directions (i.e. resultant distance). In or…
Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis with Olsalazine and Sulphasalazine: Efficacy and Side-Effects
1988
The effects of olsalazine were studied mainly in patients with ulcerative colitis who were intolerant to sulphasalazine, and for relapse prevention. A crossover design with sulphasalazine, 3 g/day, and olsalazine, 1.5 g/day, was applied to compare the side-effects of each drug and to evaluate their therapeutic efficacy. A total of 41 patients with mild or moderately severe left-sided colitis or proctitis were assigned to a randomized treatment schedule. Olsalazine and sulphasalazine were similar in their therapeutic efficacy. Twelve patients complained of adverse effects while on sulphasalazine and 4 patients during olsalazine treatment (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that olsalazine is…
Pleasant music as a countermeasure against visually induced motion sickness.
2013
Visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) is a well-known side-effect in virtual environments or simulators. However, effective behavioral countermeasures against VIMS are still sparse. In this study, we tested whether music can reduce the severity of VIMS. Ninety-three volunteers were immersed in an approximately 14-minute-long video taken during a bicycle ride. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups, either including relaxing music, neutral music, stressful music, or no music. Sickness scores were collected using the Fast Motion Sickness Scale and the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire. Results showed an overall trend for relaxing music to reduce the severity o…
Foot Strike Pattern, Step Rate, and Trunk Posture Combined Gait Modifications to Reduce Impact Loading during Running
2019
Elevated impact loading can be detrimental to runners as it has been linked to the increased risk of tibial stress fracture and plantar fasciitis. The objective of this study was to investigate the combined effects of foot strike pattern, step rate, and anterior trunk lean gait modifications on impact loading in runners. Nineteen healthy runners performed 12 separate gait modification trials involving: three foot strike patterns (rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot strike), two step rates (natural and 10% increased), and two anterior trunk lean postures (natural and 10-degree increased flexion). Overall, forefoot strike combined with increased step rate led to the lowest impact loading rates, a…
Mechanical characteristics and fiber composition of human leg extensor muscles.
1979
To investigate the influence of skeletal muscle fiber composition on the mechanical performance of human skeletal muscle under dynamic conditions, 34 physical education students with differing muscle fiber composition (M. vastus lateralis) were used as subjects to perform maximal vertical jumps on the force-platform. Two kinds of jumps were performed: one from a static starting position (SJ), the other with a preliminary counter-movement (CMJ). The calculated mechanical parameters included height of rise of center of gravity (h), average force (F), net impulse (NI) and average mechanical power (W). It was observed that the percentage of fast twitch fibers was significantly related (p less t…
Effects of myofascial release in erector spinae myoelectric activity and lumbar spine kinematics in non-specific chronic low back pain: Randomized co…
2019
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la página web de la revista en la siguiente URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0268003318300330?via%3Dihub This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Arguisuelas, M.D., Lisón, J.F., Doménech-Fernández, J., Martínez-Hurtado, I., Salvador Coloma, P. & Sánchez-Zuriaga, D. (2019). Effects of myofascial release in erector spinae myoelectric activity and lumbar spine kinematics in non-specific chronic low back pain: randomized controlled trial. Clinical Biomechanics, vol. 63, pp. 27-33, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2019.02.009 Este es el pre-print del siguiente…
Contribution of the tendinous tissue to force enhancement during stretch–shortening cycle exercise depends on the prestretch and concentric phase int…
2005
When the prestretch intensity and concentric work are increased in stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) exercises, the utilization of the elastic energy can increase during the concentric phase. In order to further understand this process during SSC exercises, the interaction between fascicle-tendinous tissues (TT) of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle was examined under different prestretch and rebound intensity drop jumps. Ten male subjects participated in the study. Direct VL fascicle lengths (N = 10) and in vivo patellar tendon force (N = 1) were measured together with the electromyographic (EMG) activity of VL during the trials. With increasing drop height but the same rebound height condition…
Medial gastrocnemius muscle behavior during human running and walking.
2007
Utilization of elastic energy in the tendinous tissues (TT) of the human skeletal muscle may be task dependent. The present study was designed to investigate this problem by comparing the fascicle-TT interaction of the medial gastrocnemius muscle (MG) during ground contact of running and walking. Seven subjects ran and walked with a natural cadence. Ankle and knee joint angular data were recorded by electrogoniometers for estimating the entire MG muscle-tendon unit (MTU) length, together with the ground reaction forces. The MG fascicle length was measured by using the high-speed ultrasound image scanning during movements. The results showed that in running, after the rapid early fascicle st…