Search results for "FAST"

showing 10 items of 821 documents

Monte Carlo simulation of the response of ESR dosimeters added with gadolinium exposed to thermal, epithermal and fast neutrons

2009

Abstract Monte Carlo numerical calculations of the response of alanine and ammonium tartrate ESR (electron spin resonance) dosimeters exposed to neutron fields with different energy spectra are reported. Results have been obtained for various gadolinium concentrations inside the dosimeters. Furthermore, in order to simulate the in-phantom response we have carried out calculations by varying the depth of the dosimeter. We have found that a large enhancement is obtained for thermal neutrons, because of the very high capture cross section of gadolinium to thermal neutrons. A good enhancement was obtained for epithermal neutrons, whereas the sensitivity improvement in the case of fast neutron i…

Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGadoliniumPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodchemistry.chemical_elementGadoliniumSpectral lineFast NeutronsHumansDosimetryNeutronRadiometryNuclear ExperimentTartratesAlanineRadiationDosimeterPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedESR dosimetry gadolinium neutronsRadiochemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyNeutron Capture TherapyNeutron temperatureNeutron capturechemistryAtomic physicsMonte Carlo MethodApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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Single-particle characterization of ice-nucleating particles and ice particle residuals sampled by three different techniques

2015

Abstract. In the present work, three different techniques to separate ice-nucleating particles (INPs) as well as ice particle residuals (IPRs) from non-ice-active particles are compared. The Ice Selective Inlet (ISI) and the Ice Counterflow Virtual Impactor (Ice-CVI) sample ice particles from mixed-phase clouds and allow after evaporation in the instrument for the analysis of the residuals. The Fast Ice Nucleus Chamber (FINCH) coupled with the Ice Nuclei Pumped Counterflow Virtual Impactor (IN-PCVI) provides ice-activating conditions to aerosol particles and extracts the activated particles for analysis. The instruments were run during a joint field campaign which took place in January and …

Atmospheric Science550aerosoliceEvaporationAnalytical chemistryMineralogycloud covermedicine.disease_causeevaporationlcsh:Chemistrysize distributionmedicineddc:550chemical compositionChemical compositionRange (particle radiation)Chemistryparticle sizeSootlcsh:QC1-999AerosolFast icelcsh:QD1-999Ice nucleusParticlelcsh:Physics
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Comparative study of three satellite image time-series decomposition methods for vegetation change detection

2018

International audience; Satellite image time-series (SITS) methods have contributed notably to detection of global change over the last decades, for instance by tracking vegetation changes. Compared with multi-temporal change detection methods, temporally highly resolved SITS methods provide more information in a single analysis, for instance on the type and consistency of change. In particular, SITS decomposition methods show a great potential in extracting various components from non-stationary time series, which allows for an improved interpretation of the temporal variability. Even though many case studies have applied SITS decomposition methods, a systematic comparison of common algori…

Atmospheric ScienceNon-stationary010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesBFASTSTL0211 other engineering and technologiesMRA-WT02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesNormalized Difference Vegetation Indexlcsh:OceanographyDecomposition (computer science)medicineSatellite imagerylcsh:GC1-1581Computers in Earth SciencesNDVI time series021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceRemote sensingApplied Mathematicslcsh:QE1-996.5Global change15. Life on landSeasonalitymedicine.diseaselcsh:GeologyEnvironmental scienceChange detectionSatellite Image Time Seriesmedicine.symptomVegetation (pathology)[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingChange detection
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Beating Darwin-Bragg losses in lab-based ultrafast x-ray experiments

2017

The use of low temperature thermal detectors for avoiding Darwin-Bragg losses in lab-based ultrafast experiments has begun. An outline of the background of this new development is offered, showing the relevant history and initiative taken by this work. (C) 2017 Author(s). Funding Agencies|Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; ERC [226136]; Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation TEKES; Academy of Finland [260880]; NIST Innovations in Measurement Science program; DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences

Atom and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysics::OpticsNanotechnology02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesThermal detectorOpticsDarwin-Bragg loss0103 physical scienceslcsh:QD901-999010306 general physicsInstrumentationSpectroscopyPhysicsRadiationbusiness.industryArticleskidetiede021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsultrafast x-raysUltrafast Structural Dynamics—A Tribute to Ahmed H. ZewailDarwin (spacecraft)Atom- och molekylfysik och optiklcsh:Crystallography0210 nano-technologybusinessUltrashort pulseStructural Dynamics
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Direct subphthalocyanine conjugation to bombesin vs. indirect conjugation to its lipidic nanocarrier

2016

International audience; Bombesin (BBN) was covalently bound to graftable subphthalocyanine (SubPc) or to a cholesterol derivative, a component of a liposome that encapsulates non-graftable SubPc. The latter bioconjugation approach was suitable to address the stability of SubPc and was achieved by copper-free click-chemistry on the outer-face of the liposome. Liposomes were purified (FPLC) and then analyzed in size (outer diameter about 60 nm measured by DLS). In vitro binding studies allowed to determine the IC50 13.9 nM for one component of the liposome, cholesterol, conjugated to BBN. Hence, azido- (or alkynyl-) liposomes give fluorophores with no reactive functional group available on th…

AzidesIndolesStereochemistryefficacyConjugated systemIsoindoles010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistry[ CHIM ] Chemical Scienceschemistry.chemical_compound[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrysilicon phthalocyaninesmelanoma-cellsLiposomeBioconjugationfluorescent[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryBombesinFast protein liquid chromatographyCombinatorial chemistryFluorescence0104 chemical sciencesNanostructuresmelanocyteschemistryphotodynamic therapyCovalent bondAlkynesLiposomesBombesinactivationNanocarriers
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Electron Transfer from Organic Aminophenyl Acid Sensitizers to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Films

2009

Electron transfer from three conjugated amino-phenyl acid dyes to titanium and aluminum oxide nanocrystalline films was studied by using transient absorption spectroscopy with sub 20 fs time-resolution over the visible spectral region. All the dyes attached to TiO2 showed long-lived ground state bleach signals indicative of formation of new species. Global analysis of the transient kinetics of the dyes on TiO2 revealed stimulated emission decays of about 40 fs and less than 300 fs assigned to electron injection. The same dyes on Al2O3 substrates displayed long stimulated emission decays (ns) suggesting that electron transfer is blocked in this high band gap semiconductor. For two of the dye…

Band gapConjugated systemPhotochemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferGeneral EnergychemistryTitanium dioxideUltrafast laser spectroscopyDensity functional theoryStimulated emissionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Composite polymer electrolytes with improved lithium metal electrode interfacial properties: II. Application in rechargeable batteries

1998

The application of a liquid-free, ceramic-added composite polymer electrolyte in a Li/LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} rechargeable battery is presented and discussed. As expected by the high stability of the electrolyte toward the lithium metal anode, the battery has promising characteristics in terms of reliability and cyclability.

Battery (electricity)Materials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentInorganic chemistryElectrolyteCondensed Matter PhysicsLithium aluminateEnergy storageSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAnodechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringElectrodeMaterials ChemistryElectrochemistryFast ion conductorTrifluoromethanesulfonate
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Analysis of a Fast Reserve Unit Behaviour with Additional Modular Synthetic Inertia Control

2021

The paper presents the results of a theoretical study on the behaviour of a battery storage system operated as a Fast Reserve Unit and equipped with additional synthetic inertia control. The Fast Reserve Unit is assumed connected to the transmission system of Sicily, operated as an isolated grid in order to show more clearly the effect of the Fast Reserve Unit intervention during a power imbalance. The unit is controlled also to provide synthetic inertia with a conventional control scheme and with a new scheme proposed by the authors and named “Modular Synthetic Inertia”. The latter has been conceived for offering a modular response as a function of the Rate of Change of Frequency, to avoid…

Battery (electricity)Scheme (programming language)Fast Reserve UnitComputer sciencebusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectSynthetic inertiaStorageTransmission systemFunction (mathematics)Modular designInertiaGridSettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaControl theoryPrimary regulationPower engineeringbusinesscomputermedia_commoncomputer.programming_language
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FASTA/Q data compressors for MapReduce-Hadoop genomics: space and time savings made easy

2021

Abstract Background Storage of genomic data is a major cost for the Life Sciences, effectively addressed via specialized data compression methods. For the same reasons of abundance in data production, the use of Big Data technologies is seen as the future for genomic data storage and processing, with MapReduce-Hadoop as leaders. Somewhat surprisingly, none of the specialized FASTA/Q compressors is available within Hadoop. Indeed, their deployment there is not exactly immediate. Such a State of the Art is problematic. Results We provide major advances in two different directions. Methodologically, we propose two general methods, with the corresponding software, that make very easy to deploy …

Big DataFASTQ formatComputer scienceBig data02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genrelcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsBiochemistry03 medical and health sciencesSoftwareStructural BiologySpark (mathematics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringData_FILESMapReduceMapReduce; hadoop; sequence analysis; data compressionMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5030304 developmental biologyFile system0303 health sciencesSettore INF/01 - InformaticaDatabasebusiness.industryMethodology ArticleApplied MathematicsSequence analysisGenomicsData compression; Hadoop; MapReduce; Sequence analysis; Algorithms; Big Data; Data Compression; Genomics; SoftwareComputer Science Applicationslcsh:Biology (General)Software deploymentHadoopData compressionlcsh:R858-859.7020201 artificial intelligence & image processingState (computer science)businesscomputerAlgorithmsSoftwareData compressionBMC Bioinformatics
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Fast atom bombardment and field desorption mass spectrometry: Comparative aspects of analytical development and bioanalytical application

1983

BioanalysisChemistryClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceGeneral MedicineFast atom bombardmentField desorption mass spectrometryMass spectrometryAnalytical ChemistryFresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie
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