Search results for "FATTY ACID"

Fatty Acid Composition of Gluten-Free Food (Bakery Products) for Celiac People

2018

The aim of this study (first analytical approach) was to obtain data concerning the fatty acid composition of gluten-free foods (bakery products) for celiac people. The study included 35 different products (snacks, biscuits, bakery products, pasta, flours, etc.) from several manufacturers. After extraction and esterification, the fatty acid composition was determined by Gaschromatography (GC&ndash

Effects of ewes grazing sulla or ryegrass pasture for different daily durations on forage intake, milk production and fatty acid composition of cheese

2016

Sulla (Sulla coronarium L.) forage is valued for its positive impact on ruminant production, in part due to its moderate content of condensed tannin (CT). The duration of daily grazing is a factor affecting the feed intake and milk production of ewes. In this study, the effects of grazing sulla pasture compared with annual ryegrass, and the extension of grazing from 8 to 22 h/day, were evaluated with regard to ewe forage intake and milk production, as well as the physicochemical properties and fatty acid (FA) composition of cheese. During 42 days in the spring, 28 ewes of the Comisana breed were divided into four groups (S8, S22, R8 and R22) that grazed sulla (S) or ryegrass (R) for 8 (0800…

Revealing the relationship between vegetable oil composition and oxidative stability: A multifactorial approach

2018

Abstract A detailed composition analysis was performed for 22 diverse oils and fats and included determination of tocopherols (α, γ and δ), β-carotene, chlorophyll, total phenolic compounds (TPC) and fatty acid (FA) composition, as well as the determination of their oxidative stability (Rancimat test). Principal components analysis was applied to obtain an overview of the sample variations and to identify behavioural patterns. Linear regression correlations and a multiple linear regression model were performed to quantify the relationship between the composition of oils and fats and their oxidative stability. The TPC and saturated FA were the main individual factors that correlated positive…

Characteristics of Wild Pear ( Pyrus glabra Boiss) Seed Oil and Its Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions: A Novel Source of Edible Oil

2017

The observed high consumer demand for edible oils with high oxidative stability resulted in notable efforts to investigate wild plants as new sources of oils and fats. In this context, the fatty acid profile, total tocopherols, tocotrienols and phenolic compounds, as well as oxidative stability parameters such as peroxide value (PV), conjugated dienes (CD), conjugated trienes (CT), anisidine value (AnV), and kinetic parameters of wild pear (Pyrus glabra Boiss.) seed oil as a novel source of edible oil were investigated. In addition, the oil-in-water emulsion was prepared from wild pear seed oil. Considering the fatty acid profile, linoleic (56.8±1.4g/100 g oil) and oleic acid (27.4±0.6 g/10…

Acetobacter musti sp. nov., isolated from Bobal grape must

2016

An acetic acid bacterium (strain Bo7T), obtained during a study of the microbial diversity of spontaneous fermentations of Bobal grape must, was subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences allocated strain Bo7T to the genus Acetobacter, and revealed Acetobacter aceti and Acetobacter oeni to be nearest neighbours (99.57 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain Bo7T and A. oeni CECT 5830T, and 98.76 % between strain Bo7T and A. aceti CECT 298T). Cells of strain Bo7T are Gram-negative, motile rods, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The DNA G+C content of strain Bo7T was 58.0 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridizations demo…

2018

Obesity is one of the major public health issues, and its prevalence is steadily increasing all the world over. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been shown to be involved in the intake of palatable food via activation of cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R). However, the involvement of lingual CB1R in the orosensory perception of dietary fatty acids has never been investigated. In the present study, behavioral tests on CB1R−/− and wild type (WT) mice showed that the invalidation of Cb1r gene was associated with low preference for solutions containing rapeseed oil or a long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), such as linoleic acid (LA). Administration of rimonabant, a CB1R inverse agonist, in mice also br…

Acute and Repeated Treatment with 5-PAHSA or 9-PAHSA Isomers Does Not Improve Glucose Control in Mice

2018

Summary Fatty acid esters of hydroxylated fatty acids (FAHFAs) were discovered as a novel class of endogenous mammalian lipids whose profound effects on metabolism have been shown. In the current study, in vitro and in vivo the metabolic effects of two of these FAHFAs, namely palmitic acid-5- (or -9) -hydroxy-stearic acid (5- or 9-PAHSA, respectively) were profiled. In DIO mice fed with differentially composed low- or high-fat diets, acute and subchronic treatment with 5-PAHSA and 9-PAHSA alone, or in combination, did not significantly improve the deranged metabolic status. Neither racemic 5- or 9-PAHSA, nor the enantiomers were able to: (1) increase basal or insulin-stimulated glucose upta…

Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids are directly associated with cognition in overweight children but not in normal weight children

2016

Aim Polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential nutrients for the normal development of the brain. We investigated the associations between plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognition in normal weight and overweight children. Methods The study recruited 386 normal weight children and 58 overweight children aged six to eight years and blood samples were drawn after a 12-hour fast. We assessed plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids using gas chromatography, cognition using Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices, and overweight and obesity using the age-specific and sex-specific cut-offs from the International Obesity Task Force. The data were analysed by linear regression analyses adjusted for …

A Weaning Reaction to Microbiota Is Required for Resistance to Immunopathologies in the Adult.

2019

International audience; Microbes colonize all body surfaces at birth and participate in the development of the immune system. In newborn mammals, the intestinal microbiota is first shaped by the dietary and immunological components of milk and then changes upon the introduction of solid food during weaning. Here, we explored the reactivity of the mouse intestinal immune system during the first weeks after birth and into adulthood. At weaning, the intestinal microbiota induced a vigorous immune response—a “weaning reaction”—that was programmed in time. Inhibition of the weaning reaction led to pathological imprinting and increased susceptibility to colitis, allergic inflammation, and cancer …

ROS and Lipid Droplet accumulation induced by high glucose exposure in healthy colon and Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells

2020

Lipid Droplets (LDs) are emerging as crucial players in colon cancer development and maintenance. Their expression has been associated with high tumorigenicity in Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), so that they have been proposed as a new functional marker in Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells (CR-CSCs). They are also indirectly involved in the modulation of the tumor microenvironment through the production of pro-inflammatory molecules. There is growing evidence that a possible connection between metabolic alterations and malignant transformation exists, although the effects of nutrients, primarily glucose, on the CSC behavior are still mostly unexplored. Glucose is an essential fuel for cancer cells, an…