Search results for "FINLAND"

Idyllic Living in Rural Surroundings : Perceptions of Finnish Rural Residents of Their Home Environment

2018

Living in Finnish rural areas is different. Within the urbanized culture that perceives city living as a norm, residing in rural Finland is an exception to the rule. The rural-urban dichotomy represents the two environments as opposites rather than perceiving them as alternative dwelling opportunities.1 Although this polarization has been challenged over decades in research on rurality2 by emphasizing the cultural intertwining and continuities of these two environments as social spaces, the way of understanding them as opposites has persisted among commonly shared perceptions. Both urban and rural areas exist in spatial reality, but the distinctions are created at the level of cultural conc…

Arviointitutkimukset koulutusjärjestelmän laadun takeena

2018

Crisis response strategies in Finland and Spain

2017

Crises are common in today's unpredictable environment rising the importance of crisis response strategies. Two societies in Europe are chosen: Finland, where trust in society is generalized to institutions, and Spain, where trust in society remains on the level of individuals. Using the results of the European Communication Monitor 2013 survey on crisis communication, we explored three hypotheses: “certain types of crises are often met with certain types of strategies,” “cultural context makes some crises more likely than others,” and “cultural context makes some response strategies more likely than others.” We find evidence for all three hypotheses and discuss our findings about perceived…

Finland

2022

In this chapter, we present the results of the Finnish pandemic study. Compared to many other countries included in this report, the Finnish higher education system is small: In 2021, there were approximately 310,000 undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students studying in Finnish higher education institutions (Vipunen, 2022). Furthermore, the system is quite homogenous in a sense that it is mainly publicly funded. However, the dual system has different kinds of institutions: universities and universities of applied sciences (UAS), which have different missions, as well as their own legislation. In the report, we refer to the first set of institutions as universities and the latter as…

Finnish cultural policy as public funding: Regime view across policy domains

2022

Public funding is a key part of Nordic cultural policy. This article approaches the Finnish cultural policy regime from the perspective of state funding, which can be seen as a direct demonstration of public cultural policy. We perform an empirical investigation of the state funding for cultural activities using budget data from 2019 supplemented with information given by altogether 53 public officials representing Finnish ministries. Thus, we examine Finnish cultural policy as a public policy through the different governmental policy domains that support and govern artistic and cultural activities with public finances. Cultural support is investigated as a substantive policy aspect of diff…

Economic burden of low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour in Finland

2022

BackgroundLow physical activity and high sedentary behaviour are unquestionably relevant for public health while also increasing direct and indirect costs.MethodsThe authors examined the direct and indirect costs attributable to low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour in Finland in 2017. Costs related to major non-communicable diseases drawn from Finnish registries covered direct costs (outpatient visits, days of inpatient care, medication and institutional eldercare) and indirect costs (sickness-related absences, disability pensions, unemployment benefits, all-cause mortality and losses of income tax revenue). Prevalences of low physical activity and high sedentary behaviour (≥8…

Income inequality and famine mortality: Evidence from the Finnish famine of the 1860s

2021

This article examines whether economic inequality intensified the adverse effects of harvest, price, and income shocks during a famine. Using a parish-level longitudinal dataset from the Finnish famine of the 1860s, it shows that a substantial proportion of the excess mortality experienced during the famine resulted from a decline in agricultural production, a decline in incomes, and a surge in food prices. The findings indicate that the adverse effects of food output fluctuations were intensified by increasing income inequality and decreasing average income, while the market-transmitted shocks were weakened by a contraction of disposable income. The results are corroborated with multiple a…

Literature : Kirsi Vainio-Korhonen, De frimodiga: Barnmorskor, födande och kroppslighet på 1700-talet (Helsingfors: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Fi…

2017

Book review: Kirsi Vainio-Korhonen, De frimodiga: Barnmorskor, födande och kroppslighet på 1700-talet nonPeerReviewed

Kiinalaisen kaunokirjallisuuden suomennokset 1900-luvulla : kääntämisen ja vastaanoton kulttuurinen konteksti

2013

Enterprising People and the Threat of Impoverishment and Social Loss : The Consequences of Urban Business Failure in Finland at the End of the 1870s

2017

Abstract This article contemplates the individual level socioeconomic consequences of bankruptcy by studying market-oriented, self-employed people in Jyväskylä, a small town in central Finland. The article asks if poverty and social loss were inevitable consequences of urban business failure and also seeks to explain why some recovered and others did not. Through the method of collective biography and by utilizing a varied selection of legal documents and parish and governmental materials, this article shows that, even though a bankruptcy could cause serious financial and economic outcomes, and even proletarianize a debtor, impoverishment was not the inevitable consequence of bankruptcy. Th…