Search results for "FORCE"

showing 10 items of 3423 documents

Magnetization reversal of the domain structure in the anti-perovskite nitride Co3FeN investigated by high-resolution X-ray microscopy

2016

We performed X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) photoemission electron microscopy imaging to reveal the magnetic domain structure of anti-perovskite nitride Co3FeN exhibiting a negative spin polarization. In square and disc patterns, we systematically and quantitatively determined the statistics of the stable states as a function of geometry. By direct imaging during the application of a magnetic field, we revealed the magnetic reversal process in a spatially resolved manner. We compared the hysteresis on the continuous area and the square patterns from the magnetic field-dependent XMCD ratio, which can be explained as resulting from the effect of the shape anisotropy, present in nano…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetic domainGeneral Physics and AstronomyMagnetic resonance force microscopyLarge scale facilities for research with photons neutrons and ions02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMagnetic hysteresis01 natural sciencesMagnetic susceptibilityCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceParamagnetismMagnetic anisotropyX-ray magnetic circular dichroism0103 physical sciencesMagnetic force microscope0210 nano-technologyJournal of Applied Physics
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Analysis of nonlinear time-dependent properties of carbon fiber reinforced plastic under off-axis loading

2021

Abstract Polymeric composites are rheonomic materials and their deformation can be described using the hereditary elasticity relations which allow for describing the mechanical behavior under time-variable loading with consideration of the influence of temperature and other operational factors. A system of hereditary-type constitutive relations is proposed for off-axis specimens of a unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastic subjected to loading at different strain rates. Using the algebra of resolvent operators and inverted transformation, the constitutive equations allowing of description of anisotropy of rheological properties and, in particular, sensitivity to strain rates are deri…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceConstitutive equation02 engineering and technologyFibre-reinforced plasticElasticity (physics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesNonlinear systemRheology0103 physical sciencesComposite materialDeformation (engineering)0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyResolventMaterials Today: Proceedings
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Long-term moisture absorption and durability of FRP pultruded rebars

2021

Abstract Up to 15-years long moisture diffusion into carbon, glass, and aramid fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) rebars is studied. To eliminate uncertainties in identification of the radial and axial diffusivities, a successive methodology for determination of the diffusion coefficients is proposed. The concept of apparent diffusivity taking into account anisotropy and edge effects is extended to cylindrical samples. The ratio of the axial and radial diffusivities is the lowest for carbon (3) and the highest for glass (81) FRP rebars. Durability performance of the rebars is estimated by monitoring their interlaminar shear strength (ILSS). Long-term exposure of FRP rebars in a humid environmen…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceMoisture02 engineering and technologyFibre-reinforced plastic021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyThermal diffusivity01 natural sciencesDurabilityAramidPultrusion0103 physical sciencesDiffusion (business)Composite material0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyMaterials Today: Proceedings
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Two-phase dielectric polar structures in 0.1NBT-0.6ST-0.3PT solid solutions

2018

Abstract In this work we address the peculiarities of the macroscopic responses in ternary 0.1Na0·5Bi0·5TiO3-0.6SrTiO3-0.3PbTiO3 (0.1NBT-0.6ST-0.3PT) solid solutions. These solid solutions exhibit a spontaneous first order relaxor to normal ferroelectric phase transition. The phase transition is accompanied by a broad dielectric relaxation which expands over 10 orders of magnitude in frequency just above the phase transition temperature. The temperature dependence of polarization shows that non-zero net polarization persists above the phase transition temperature. Below the phase transition temperature, it is not possible to describe the temperature dependence of polarization with a power l…

010302 applied physicsPhase transitionMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsCondensed matter physicsMetals and Alloys02 engineering and technologyDielectric021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesFerroelectricityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials SciencePiezoresponse force microscopyPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesCeramics and CompositesRelaxation (physics)0210 nano-technologySolid solutionBauwissenschaften
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A Planar Generator for a Wave Energy Converter

2019

This article presents a permanent magnet planar translational generator which is able to exploit multiple modes of sea wave energy extraction. Linear electrical generators have recently been studied for the exploitation of sea wave energy, but, to the best of our knowledge, no synchronous planar translational generator has been proposed. In this article, to maximize the energy extraction, we have considered all the potential modes of motion due to wave excitation and included them within the mathematical model of the proposed system. The principle of operation of the generator can be summarized as follows: the moving part (translator) of the generator is driven from the sea waves and induce…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsElectric machines linear generators wave energy convertersSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleElectromotive forceEnergy converterAcousticsElectric generatorSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettrici01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionPlanarlawElectromagnetic coilMagnet0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringExcitationArmature (electrical engineering)
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Effect of surface disorder on the domain structure of PLZT ceramics

2017

ABSTRACTPb1-xLax(Zr0.65Ti0.35)1-x/4O3 (PLZT x/65/35) ceramics were studied by Piezoresponse Force Microscopy in order to understand the origin of domain structure as a function of La content. We show that the domain topology is mainly determined by the composition and grain size. The characteristic correlation length decreases with increasing La content, being sensitive also to the synthesis method. The behavior of the correlation length is linked to the macroscopic properties, showing a strong increase of disorder with La doping. The roughness exponent for the domain wall in PLZT 9/65/35 is close to 2/3 indicating 1D character of domain walls in relaxors.

010302 applied physicsSurface (mathematics)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsDoping02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesGrain sizeElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDomain wall (magnetism)Piezoresponse force microscopyvisual_art0103 physical sciencesDomain (ring theory)Roughness exponentvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramic0210 nano-technologyFerroelectrics
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Theoretical investigation of the potential energy surface of the van der Waals complex CH4-N-2

2009

International audience; The interaction potential energy surface of the van der Waals CH4-N-2 complex has been calculated for a broad range of intermolecular separations and configurations in the approximation of rigid interacting molecules at the CCSD(T) and MP2 levels of theory using the correlation consistent aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. The BSSE correction was taken into account for all the calculations. The most stable configurations of the complex were found. Binding energies were calculated in the CBS limit with accounting for the molecular deformations. The harmonic and anharmonic fundamental vibrational frequencies and rotational constants for the ground and first excited vibrational sta…

010304 chemical physicsChemistryBinding energyIntermolecular forceAnharmonicityVan der Waals surfaceGeneral Physics and Astronomy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbols.namesakeLennard-Jones potentialExcited state0103 physical sciencesPotential energy surface[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbolsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryvan der Waals forceAtomic physicsPhysics::Chemical Physics
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A QM/MM Approach Using the AMOEBA Polarizable Embedding: From Ground State Energies to Electronic Excitations

2016

International audience; A fully polarizable implementation of the hybrid Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics approach is presented, where the classical environment is described through the AMOEBA polarizable force field. A variational formalism, offering a self-consistent 1 relaxation of both the MM induced dipoles and the QM electronic density is used for ground state energies and extended to electronic excitations in the framework of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory combined with a state specific response of the classical part. An application to the calculation of the solvatochromism of the pyridinium N-phenolate betaine dye used to define the solvent ET30 scale is presented. Th…

010304 chemical physicsChemistryPolarizable force fieldSolvatochromismQuantum Chemistry010402 general chemistryElementary chargeQM/MM01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science Applications[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryQM/MMQM/MM; Polarisable embedding; Physical and Theoretical ChemistryPolarizabilityQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPolarisable embeddingDensity functional theorypolarizable force field AMOEBAPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateExcitationElectronic densityJournal of Chemical Theory and Computation
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Adaptive Finite Temperature String Method in Collective Variables.

2017

Here we present a modified version of the on-the-fly string method for the localization of the minimum free energy path in a space of arbitrary collective variables. In the proposed approach the shape of the biasing potential is controlled by only two force constants, defining the width of the potential along the string and orthogonal to it. The force constants and the distribution of the string nodes are optimized during the simulation, improving the convergence. The optimized parameters can be used for umbrella sampling with a path CV along the converged string as the reaction coordinate. We test the new method with three fundamentally different processes: chloride attack to chloromethane…

010304 chemical physicsChemistryString (computer science)Mathematical analysis010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesReaction coordinateDistribution (mathematics)0103 physical sciencesPath (graph theory)Convergence (routing)Range (statistics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUmbrella samplingPotential of mean forceThe journal of physical chemistry. A
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Pressure‐induced widths and shifts for the ν3 band of methane

1994

International audience; Widths and shifts of methane lines perturbed by nitrogen are calculated using a complex-valued implementation of Robert-Bonamy (RB) theory. The static intermolecular potential is described as a sum of electrostatic forces and Lennard-Jones (6-12) atom-atom terms, using literature values for all physical parameters. Vibrational dependence of the isotropic potential is obtained from the polarizability of methane assuming a dispersion interaction. The repulsive part of the Lennard-Jones accounts for the greatest part of widths, while dispersion interactions are largely responsible for shifts. Although the average error between calculated and observed linewidths (up to J…

010304 chemical physicsMathematical modelAbsorption spectroscopyIntermolecular forceIsotropyGeneral Physics and Astronomy7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesMethane010309 opticschemistry.chemical_compoundLennard-Jones potentialchemistryPolarizability0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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