Search results for "FRACTALS"

showing 10 items of 40 documents

VAMPIRE: Vessel assessment and measurement platform for images of the REtina

2011

We present VAMPIRE, a software application for efficient, semi-automatic quantification of retinal vessel properties with large collections of fundus camera images. VAMPIRE is also an international collaborative project of four image processing groups and five clinical centres. The system provides automatic detection of retinal landmarks (optic disc, vasculature), and quantifies key parameters used frequently in investigative studies: vessel width, vessel branching coefficients, and tortuosity. The ultimate vision is to make VAMPIRE available as a public tool, to support quantification and analysis of large collections of fundus camera images.

Opthalmology; image processing; retinaEngineeringVesselgenetic structuresOpthalmologyImage processingRetinal ImagesRetinaRetina; Image; VesselSoftwareMedical imagingmedicineHumansSegmentationComputer visionRetinaSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryVampireRetinal VesselsImage segmentationeye diseasesimage processingFractalsVAMPIREmedicine.anatomical_structureImageArtificial intelligenceAdvanced image processing and mathematical modeling techniquesbusinessOptic disc2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
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An Ultrasonic Lens Design Based on Prefractal Structures

2016

The improvement in focusing capabilities of a set of annular scatterers arranged in a fractal geometry is theoretically quantified in this work by means of the finite element method (FEM). Two different arrangements of rigid rings in water are used in the analysis. Thus, both a Fresnel ultrasonic lens and an arrangement of rigid rings based on Cantor prefractals are analyzed. Results show that the focusing capacity of the modified fractal lens is better than the Fresnel lens. This new lens is believed to have potential applications for ultrasonic imaging and medical ultrasound fields.

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General MathematicsPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionFractalOpticsCantor prefractalslaw0103 physical sciencesComputer Science (miscellaneous)Medical ultrasoundMathematics010302 applied physicsbusiness.industrylcsh:MathematicsFresnel lensUltrasonic lens021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QA1-939Finite element methodUltrasonic imagingLens (optics)Chemistry (miscellaneous)FISICA APLICADAUltrasonic sensorSound focusing0210 nano-technologybusinessMATEMATICA APLICADA
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Fractal square zone plates

2013

[EN] In this paper we present a novel family of zone plates with a fractal distribution of square zones. The focusing properties of these fractal diffractive lenses coined fractal square zone plates are analytically studied and the influence of the fractality is investigated. It is shown that under monochromatic illumination a fractal square zone plate gives rise a focal volume containing a delimited sequence of two-arms-cross pattern that are axially distributed according to the self-similarity of the lens.

PhysicsFocal volumebusiness.industryDiffractive lensZone plateAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSquare (algebra)Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionLens (optics)Zone platesFractalsDistribution (mathematics)OpticsFractallawFISICA APLICADAMonochromatic colorElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMATEMATICA APLICADAbusinessAxial symmetryDiffractionOptics Communications
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Zeros of {-1,0,1}-power series and connectedness loci for self-affine sets

2006

We consider the set W of double zeros in (0,1) for power series with coefficients in {-1,0,1}. We prove that W is disconnected, and estimate the minimum of W with high accuracy. We also show that [2^(-1/2)-e,1) is contained in W for some small, but explicit e>0 (this was only known for e=0). These results have applications in the study of infinite Bernoulli convolutions and connectedness properties of self-affine fractals.

Power seriesDiscrete mathematics28A80Social connectednessGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematics01 natural sciencesSet (abstract data type)Bernoulli's principleFractal30C1528A80 30B10Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs0103 physical sciencesClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematicsself-affine fractals010307 mathematical physicsAffine transformationZeros of power series0101 mathematicsMathematics
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Self-affine sets in analytic curves and algebraic surfaces

2018

We characterize analytic curves that contain non-trivial self-affine sets. We also prove that compact algebraic surfaces do not contain non-trivial self-affine sets. peerReviewed

Pure mathematicsGeneral Mathematicsta111010102 general mathematicsDynamical Systems (math.DS)01 natural sciencesself-affine setanalytic curvefractals0103 physical sciencesAlgebraic surfacealgebraic surfaceFOS: Mathematicsfraktaalit010307 mathematical physicsAffine transformationMathematics - Dynamical Systems0101 mathematicsMathematics
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QSPR prediction of chromatographic retention times of pesticides: Partition and fractal indices

2014

The high-performance liquid-chromatographic retentions of red-wine pesticide residues are modeled by structure-property relationships. The effect of different types of features is analyzed: geometric, lipophilic, etc. The properties are fractal dimensions, partition coefficient, etc., in linear and nonlinear correlation models. Biological plastic evolution is an evolutionary perspective conjugating the effect of acquired characters and relations that emerge among the principles of evolutionary indeterminacy, morphological determination and natural selection. It is applied to design the co-ordination index that is used to characterize pesticide retentions. The parameters used to calculate th…

Quantitative structure–activity relationshipChromatographyChemistryEnthalpyNonlinear correlationQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipGeneral MedicinePesticidePollutionFractal dimensionPartition coefficientFractalsFractalPartition (number theory)PesticidesChromatography LiquidFood ScienceJournal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B
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The effect of fractal contact lenses on peripheral refraction in myopic model eyes.

2014

Purpose: To test multizone contact lenses in model eyes: Fractal Contact Lenses (FCLs), designed to induce myopic peripheral refractive error (PRE). Methods: Zemax ray-tracing software was employed to simulate myopic and accommodation-dependent model eyes fitted with FCLs. PRE, defined in terms of mean sphere M and 90–180 astigmatism J180, was computed at different peripheral positions, ranging from 0 to 35 in steps of 5, and for different pupil diameters (PDs). Simulated visual performance and changes in the PRE were also analyzed for contact lens decentration and model eye accommodation. For comparison purposes, the same simulations were performed with another commercially available conta…

Refractive errorMaterials scienceAstigmatismProsthesis DesignRefraction OcularModels BiologicalPupilMyopia progressionCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceFractalOpticsmedicineMyopiaHumansContact lensesZemaxbusiness.industryModel eyesPeripheral refractionAccommodation Ocularmedicine.diseaseContact Lenses HydrophilicRefractionSensory SystemsContact lensOphthalmologyFractalsFISICA APLICADAVisual FieldsbusinessAccommodationCurrent eye research
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Is there any scaling in the cluster distribution?

1994

We apply fractal analysis methods to investigate the scaling properties in the Abell and ACO catalogs of rich galaxy clusters. We also discuss different technical aspects of the method when applied to data sets with small number of points as the cluster catalogs. Results are compared with simulations based on the Zel'dovich approximation. We limit our analysis to scales less than 100 $\hm$. The cluster distribution show a scale invariant multifractal behavior in a limited scale range. For the Abell catalog this range is 15--60$\hm$, while for the ACO sample it extends to smaller scales. Despite this difference in the extension of the scale--range where scale--invariant clustering takes plac…

Scale (ratio)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCOMPUTERIZED SIMULATIONAstrophysicsSTATISTICAL CORRELATIONFractalSCALING LAWSCluster (physics)Statistical physicsMATHEMATICAL MODELSScalingGalaxy clusterPhysicsASTRONOMICAL CATALOGSAstrophysics (astro-ph)ERROR ANALYSISAstronomy and AstrophysicsMultifractal systemScale invarianceFractal analysisFRACTALSSpace and Planetary ScienceASTRONOMICAL MODELSCLUSTER ANALYSISCOSMOLOGYGALACTIC CLUSTERS
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Application of fractal geometry to dissolution kinetic study of a sweetener excipient

2001

Abstract In the context of relationship study between dissolution kinetic and particle morphology using the fractal geometry tool, we use a commercially available quality of saccharin powder. The characterization of molecular feature and image analysis study allows us to conclude to the statistic self-similarity of particles of four sieved particles size fractions, permitting the fractal approach. Calculation of reactive fractal dimension is performed using two forms of mass transfer equation: −d Q /d t = kQ D R /3 Δ C and −d Q /d t = k′R D R −3 Δ C , with Δ C ={ C f /[ln  C s /( C s − C f )]}. Based on comparison of the surface fractal dimension D S on the two values of reactive fractal di…

Surface (mathematics)Surface Properties[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringPharmaceutical ScienceThermodynamicsMineralogyContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyKinetic energyFractal dimensionExcipientsFractalSaccharin020401 chemical engineeringX-Ray DiffractionMass transfer[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering0204 chemical engineeringParticle SizeDissolutionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSChemistry[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFractalsMicroscopy Electron ScanningParticle0210 nano-technology
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On a Continuous Sárközy-Type Problem

2022

Abstract We prove that there exists a constant $\epsilon> 0$ with the following property: if $K \subset {\mathbb {R}}^2$ is a compact set that contains no pair of the form $\{x, x + (z, z^{2})\}$ for $z \neq 0$, then $\dim _{\textrm {H}} K \leq 2 - \epsilon $.

Szemerédi’s theoremfractalsGeneral Mathematicspolynomitpolynomial configurationsHausdorff dimensionfraktaalitmittateoriafinite fieldsharmoninen analyysiFourier transforms of measuresminimeasuresInternational Mathematics Research Notices
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