Search results for "FUNGAL"
showing 10 items of 1116 documents
4,5-Disubstituted 1-Methylimidazoles via Cyclization of Defined α-Aminoketones: Synthesis of Fungerin and Analogues I
2016
A protocol for the chemoselective synthesis of the fungal metabolite fungerin has been developed. First the required N-methyl α-aminoketone was generated starting from sarcosine, propiolic acid, and prenyl bromide. Marckwald thioimidazole cyclization and subsequent sulfur removal delivered the target fungerin as well as an analogue, respectively, displaying defined substitution patterns.
Parental effects in a filamentous fungus : Phenotype, fitness and mechanism
2023
AbstractAdaptation to changing environments often requires meaningful phenotypic modifications to match the current conditions. However, obtaining information about the surroundings during an organism’s own lifetime may only permit accommodating relatively late developmental modifications. Therefore, it may be advantageous to rely on inter-generational or trans-generational cues that provide information about the environment as early as possible to allow development along an optimal trajectory. Transfer of information or resources across generations, known as parental effects, is well documented in animals and plants but not in other eukaryotes, such as fungi. Understanding parental effects…
Questioning the role of salicylic acid and cytosolic acidification in mitogen-activated protein kinase activation induced by cryptogein in tobacco ce…
2001
Elicitors of plant defence reactions, oligogalacturonides and cryptogein, an elicitin produced by Phytophthora cryptogea, were previously shown to induce a rapid and transient activation of two mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in cells of tobacco [ Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi; A. Lebrun-Garcia et al. (1998) Plant J 15:773-781]. We verified that these two MAPKs correspond to the salicylic acid-induced protein kinase (SIPK) and the wound-induced protein kinase (WIPK). The involvement of salicylic acid (SA) in cryptogein-induced MAPK activation was investigated using transgenic NahG tobacco cells expressing the salicylate hydroxylase gene and thus unable to accumulate SA. The larg…
Basal catalase activity and high glutathione levels influence the performance of non-Saccharomyces active dry wine yeasts.
2020
Non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts are useful tools for producing wines with complex aromas or low ethanol content. Their use in wine would benefit from their production as active dry yeast (ADY) starters to be used as co-inocula alongside S. cerevisiae. Oxidative stress during biomass propagation and dehydration is a key factor in determining ADY performance, as it affects yeast vitality and viability. Several studies have analysed the response of S. cerevisiae to oxidative stress under dehydration conditions, but not so many deal with non-conventional yeasts. In this work, we analysed eight non-Saccharomyces wine yeasts under biomass production conditions and studied oxidative stress parameter…
Natural hybrids fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae,Saccharomyces bayanusandSaccharomyces kudriavzeviiin wine fermentations
2006
Several wine isolates of Saccharomyces were analysed for six molecular markers, five nuclear and one mitochondrial, and new natural interspecific hybrids were identified. The molecular characterization of these Saccharomyces hybrids was performed based on the restriction analysis of five nuclear genes ( CAT8 , CYR1 , GSY1 , MET6 and OPY1 , located in different chromosomes), the ribosomal region encompassing the 5.8S rRNA gene and the two internal transcribed spacers, and sequence analysis of the mitochondrial gene COX2 . This method allowed us to identify and characterize new hybrids between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii , between S. cerevisiae and Saccharomyces ba…
Illumina-based RiboMethSeq approach for mapping of 2'-O-Me residues in RNA
2016
International audience; RNA 2'-O-methylation is one of the ubiquitous nucleotide modifications found in many RNA types from Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. RNAs bearing 2'-O-methylations show increased resistance to degradation and enhanced stability in helices. While the exact role of each 2'-O-Me residue remained elusive, the catalytic protein Fibrillarin (Nop1 in yeast) responsible for 2'-O-methylation in eukaryotes, is associated with human pathologies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to precisely map and quantify hundreds of 2'-O-Me residues in RNA using high-throughput technologies. Here, we develop a reliable protocol using alkaline fragmentation of total RNA coupled to a commonly …
Grape and environmental mycoflora monitoring in old, traditionally-cultivated vineyards on Mount Etna, southern Italy
2015
BACKGROUND: Grape contamination by several fungal species occurs during a vineyard's preharvest and harvest. Agronomic management and microclimatic conditions can affect fungi occurrence and epidemiology, thus explaining qualitative differences in mycoflora composition, including the presence of phytopathogenic or mycotoxigenic fungi. In this study a two-year grape, air and soil mycoflora monitoring programme was undertaken in vineyards on Mount Etna (eastern Sicily, Italy). The mycoflora composition was investigated at pea berry and veraison phenological phases from air and soil and at ripening from sample grapes. RESULTS: Mycoflora in air and soil varied according to the phenological stag…
Impact of glucuronide interferences on therapeutic drug monitoring of posaconazole by tandem mass spectrometry.
2010
Abstract Background: Posaconazole is a novel antifungal drug for oral application intended especially for therapy of invasive mycoses. Due to variable gastrointestinal absorption, adverse side effects, and suspected drug-drug interactions, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of posaconazole is recommended. Method: A fast ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for quantification of posaconazole with a run-time <3 min was developed and compared to a LC-MS/MS method and HPLC method with fluorescence detection. Results: During evaluation of UPLC-MS/MS, two earlier eluting peaks were observed in the MRM trace of posaconazole. This was only seen in p…
Antifungal Activity of Biocontrol Agents In Vitro and Potential Application to Reduce Mycotoxins (Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A)
2021
Food bio-preservatives are requested as substituents of chemical pesticides in food. The aim of this study was to carry out a screening of twenty biocontrol agents (BCAs) for their potential fungicidal activity in vitro. Twenty BCAs were tested against ten pathogenic fungi. Some of the cell-free supernatants (CFS) tested showed in vitro antifungal activity versus pathogenic fungi. The highest fungicidal activity was observed in the fermented CFS of Paenibacillus chibensis CECT 375, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 493, and Pantoea agglomerans CECT 850, which showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values of 125 and 250 g/L, respectively. The…
Development of an Antifungal and Antimycotoxigenic Device Containing Allyl Isothiocyanate for Silo Fumigation
2019
The aims of this study were to evaluate the antifungal activity of the bioactive compound allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) against Aspergillus flavus (8111 ISPA) aflatoxins (AFs) producer and Penicillium verrucosum (D-01847 VTT) ochratoxin A (OTA) producer on corn, barley, and wheat. The experiments were carried out initially in a simulated silo system for laboratory scale composed of glass jars (1 L). Barley and wheat were contaminated with P. verrucosum and corn with A. flavus. The cereals were treated with a hydroxyethylcellulose gel disk to which 500 µ