Search results for "FUNGUS"
showing 10 items of 156 documents
The microbiology of Lascaux Cave.
2010
Lascaux Cave (Montignac, France) contains paintings from the Upper Paleolithic period. Shortly after its discovery in 1940, the cave was seriously disturbed by major destructive interventions. In 1963, the cave was closed due to algal growth on the walls. In 2001, the ceiling, walls and sediments were colonized by the fungus Fusarium solani. Later, black stains, probably of fungal origin, appeared on the walls. Biocide treatments, including quaternary ammonium derivatives, were extensively applied for a few years, and have been in use again since January 2008. The microbial communities in Lascaux Cave were shown to be composed of human-pathogenic bacteria and entomopathogenic fungi, the for…
The overproduction of 2,4-DTBP accompanying to the lack of available form of phosphorus during the biodegradative utilization of aminophosphonates by…
2014
Although information about the ability of some filamentous fungi to biodegrade organophosphonates is available, the knowledge about accompanying changes in fungal metabolism is very limited. The aim of our study was to determine the utilization of the chosen, structurally diverse aminophosphonates by Aspergillus terreus (Thom), in the context of the behaviour of this fungus while growing in unfavourable conditions, namely the lack of easily available phosphates. We found that all the studied compounds were utilized by fungus as nutritive sources of phosphorus, however, their effect on the production of fungal biomass depended on their structure. We also observed an interesting change in the…
Real-time PCR detection of Ochroconis lascauxensis involved in the formation of black stains in the Lascaux Cave, France
2012
A real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay was developed to detect and quantify Ochroconis lascauxensis in the Lascaux Cave in France. This fungus is the principal causal agent of the black stains threatening the Paleolithic paintings of this UNESCO World Heritage Site. The black stains outbreak could not be stopped in spite of using intensive biocide treatments. A sensitive and time-saving protocol is needed for determining the extent of the colonization. Sets of primers that target the ITS and RPB2 regions were designed and evaluated for specificity against O. lascauxensis. Genomic DNA extracted from five species of Ochroconis and 13 other fungal species frequently isolated from ca…
Isolierung und Identifizierung von Sterinen im Metabolismus des Pilzes Botrytis cinerea / Isolation and identification of sterols in the metabolism o…
1983
The fungus Botrytis cinerea, which belongs to the class of ascomycetes, has been analysed for its sterol composition. It is able to produce ergosterol, cerevisterol, lanosterol/dihydrolanosterol and cholesterol besides β-sitosterol. The identification of the sterols is carried out with different analytical methods including mass spectrometry. In the extracts of the mycelium also squalene has been identified
Über die Bildung von Cholesterin durch Botrytis cinerea nach Lanosterinzugabe / The Production of Cholesterol by Botrytis cinerea after Addition of L…
1980
Abstract The fungus Botrytis cinerea, which is found on the grapes, is able to produce cholesterol after addition of lanosterol to the culture medium. The identification of cholesterol is carried out with different analytical methods including mass spectrometry. Under the same conditions ergosterol arises from squalene and not cholesterol.
Efficacy of hexaflumuron against the fungus-growing termitePseudacanthotermesspiniger(Sjöstedt) (isoptera, macrotermitinae)
1998
The efficacy of hexaflumuron, a benzophenylurea insecticide, has been studied for the first time on a fungus-growing termite (Pseudacanthotermes spiniger Sjostedt, Macrotermitinae). Results show that hexaflumuron could be useful in treating infestations of such pest species, which are of great economic importance in many tropical and equatorial countries. Foraging workers harvested and introduced treated food into the nest and subsequently contaminated the brood by trophallaxis. Hexaflumuron showed potent larvicidal activity. The compound did not appear to be rapidly degraded by the digestive enzymes of termite workers, nor by the symbiotic fungus Termitomyces eurhizus Heim growing on fungu…
A survey of the function of the lethal kettle traps of Arisaema (Araceae), with records of pollinating fungus gnats from Nepal
2000
Abstract Evidence from recent research combined with an evaluation of the literature indicates that Arisaema is adapted to pollination by fungus gnats. It apparently shares this peculiarity among aroids only with the distantly related genus Arisarum . In addition to previous records from Japan and North America, systematic collections from nine Arisaema species during several expeditions in the Himalayas in Nepal showed that, although other less efficient insect groups may participate, the nematoceran families Mycetophilidae and Sciaridae are the principal pollen vectors; they best fit the pollination apparatus of the mainly (para)dioecious kettle trap blossoms. A total of 16 fungus gnat ge…
Effects of Diets Supplemented with Medicinal Mushroom Myceliated Grains on Some Production, Health, and Oxidation Traits of Dairy Ewes
2019
The beneficial properties of mushrooms’ bioactive compounds indicate their potential for use as performance-enhancing natural additives for livestock animals. A study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of diets supplemented with mushroom myceliated grains (MMGs) fed to dairy ewes on intestinal parasite load, milk production, milk fatty acid (FA) composition, and cheese oxidative stability. During an 8-week experimental period, 21 lactating Valle del Belice ewes were divided into 3 groups named MMG20, MMG10, and MMG0. Ewes in each group were fed hay ad libitum and 1.3 kg/day/head of 1 of 3 concentrates with MMGs at 20% (MMG20), 10% (MMG10), or 0% (MMG0). The ewes fed MMG20 had comparable…
DISEASES DIVERSITY FOR FLAX GENETIC RESOURCES IN LATVIA
2017
Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L) yield of stem and seeds and them quality is influenced by a number of harmful diseases but investigation about pathogens in recent years have not been done in Latvia. Each stage of development of disease is important in the pathogen life cycle and requires certain condition. Goal of this study have identify possibilities of the pathogens and were assess disease severity depending on the genotypes on flax in variable environmental conditions. The resistance to the diseases for 24 flax genotypes and standard variety ‘Vega 2’ were evaluated. The field trials have been carried out over the period from 2015 to 2016 at the Research Centre of Priekuli, part of Vilani…
Isolation and purification of enniatins A, A1, B, B1, produced by Fusarium tricinctum in solid culture, and cytotoxicity effects on Caco-2 cells
2010
Enniatins (ENs) are antibiotic compounds of hexadepsipeptidic structure produced by several strains of Fusarium spp. The ENs A, A(1), B, B-1 were purified from extracts of Fusarium tricinctum grown on a solid medium of corn, by a low pressure liquid chromatography (LPLC) on reverse phase of Amberlite XAD-7 followed by semipreparative LC. The purity and the structure of the isolated compounds were confirmed by LC-MS/MS. The technique of the purification of the fungal extract enabled complete separation of the ENs A, A(1), B, B-1 with a mean purity of 97% for all the compounds. The cytoxicity of the ENs was tested in the cell lines of human origin (epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, …