Search results for "FVC"
showing 10 items of 128 documents
An elevated body mass index increases lung volume but reduces airflow in italian schoolchildren
2013
Background Asthma and obesity are important and growing health issues worldwide. Obesity is considered a risk factor for asthma, due to the induction of changes in airway mechanics and altered airway inflammation. Methods We cross-sectionally investigated the effect of increased weight on pulmonary function in a large population sample of healthy children, aged 10–17 yrs living in Palermo, Italy. Explanatory effect of weight on lung function variables were evaluated by multiple linear regression models, taking into account height, gender, and age-class. Results Among the 2,393 subjects, FVC and FEV1 were positively correlated to weight. Multiple regression models showed that the weight beta…
Cohort Differences in Maximal Physical Performance: A Comparison of 75- and 80-Year-Old Men and Women Born 28 Years Apart
2020
Abstract Background Whether increased life expectancy is accompanied by increased functional capacity in older people at specific ages is unclear. We compared similar validated measures of maximal physical performance in 2 population-based older cohorts born and assessed 28 years apart. Method Participants in the first cohort were born in 1910 and 1914 and were assessed at age 75 and 80 years, respectively (N = 500, participation rate 77%). Participants in the second cohort were born in 1938 or 1939 and 1942 or 1943 and were assessed at age 75 and 80 years, respectively (N = 726, participation rate 40%). Participants were recruited using a population register and all community-dwelling pers…
Genome-wide association study identifies five loci associated with lung function
2009
Pulmonary function measures are heritable traits that predict morbidity and mortality and define chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We tested genome-wide association with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) and the ratio of FEV(1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) in the SpiroMeta consortium (n = 20,288 individuals of European ancestry). We conducted a meta-analysis of top signals with data from direct genotyping (n < or = 32,184 additional individuals) and in silico summary association data from the CHARGE Consortium (n = 21,209) and the Health 2000 survey (n < or = 883). We confirmed the reported locus at 4q31 and identified associations with FEV(1) or FEV(1)/FVC and co…
Overweight/obesity and respiratory and allergic disease in children : international study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC) phase two
2014
Background: Childhood obesity and asthma are increasing worldwide. A possible link between the two conditions has been postulated. Methods: Cross-sectional studies of stratified random samples of 8-12-year-old children (n=10 652) (16 centres in affluent and 8 centres in non-affluent countries) used the standardized methodology of ISAAC Phase Two. Respiratory and allergic symptoms were ascertained by parental questionnaires. Tests for allergic disease were performed. Height and weight were measured, and overweight and obesity were defined according to international definitions. Prevalence rates and prevalence odds ratios were calculated. Results: Overweight (odds ratio=1.14, 95%-confidence i…
CAT in COPD phenotypes (POPE study)
2016
Background: The COPD assessment test (CAT) is widely used for basic symptom evaluation in patients with COPD. The impact of COPD phenotypes on symptom scores using the CAT, however, remains largely unknown. Methods: The POPE-Study (NCT02119494) is an international, multicentre, observational cross-sectional survey of consecutive patients with COPD in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Respiratory symptoms using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale, and the CAT were recorded. Inclusion criteria: age ≥ 40 years, smoking history ≥ 10 pack-years, post-bronchodilator (BD) FEV1/FVC Results: 3366 COPD subjects (66 ± 8.8 yrs, post-BD FEV1 52.8 ± 18.5 % predicted, CAT 17.4 ± 7.…
LATE-BREAKING ABSTRACT: Phenotypes of COPD in central and Eastern Europe - The POPE study
2015
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a major health problem in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. However, data regarding symptom load and clinical phenotypes of patients with COPD in CEE remain largely unknown. Methods: Participation in the POPE Study (a multicentre, observational cross-sectional survey) was offered to consecutive outpatients with stable COPD in 11 CEE countries if they fulfilled the following criteria: age ≥ 40 years, smoking history ≥ 10 pack-years, post-bronchodilator (BD) FEV 1 /FVC Results: 3504 patients (66 ± 8.7 yrs, 69% male, post-BD FEV 1 53.0 ± 17.5% predicted, Charlson comorbidity index 2.0 ± 1.4, and 1.2 ± 1.6 exacerb…
Maximal degree of airway narrowing induced by methacholine and adenosine monophosphate: relationship with the decrease in forced vital capacity.
2010
Background Changes in forced vital capacity (FVC) may represent an indirect method for the detection of plateau in response to inhaled bronchoconstrictor agents. Objective To determine the relationship between the level of plateau obtained with either methacholine or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and the decrease in FVC induced by each bronchoconstrictor agent. Methods Airway responsiveness to high concentrations of methacholine and AMP was determined in patients with intermittent asthma (n = 41) or allergic rhinitis (n = 26). Furthermore, allergen-induced changes in the response to each bronchoconstrictor agent were investigated in 18 pollen-sensitive patients. Concentration-response curve…
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis : Lessons from a randomized controlled trial in children
2021
Introduction Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in children is a severe interstitial lung disease and potentially, a chronic condition, if not treated appropriately. No evidence-based guidelines are available; in particular, the role of systemic glucocorticoid therapy is unclear. Methods The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multi-center, phase II trial in pediatric HP was to assess the outcome of HP in children after 6 months of treatment and to compare 3 months of treatment with oral prednisolone or placebo. Results After 1.5 years and the inclusion of only four children, we terminated the study prematurely. Two of the children randomized to predniso…
Effects of cigarette smoke on methacholine- and AMP-induced air trapping in asthmatics.
2014
Abstract Objective: No information is available on the effect of cigarette smoke on bronchoconstrictor-induced air trapping in asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the additional influence of smoking on methacholine- and adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-induced air trapping in subjects with asthma.Airway responsiveness to methacholine and AMP, bronchial (J'awNO) and alveolar (CANO) nitric oxide (NO) and exhaled breath condensate pH were measured in 68 adults (23 current smokers with asthma, 23 non-smokers with asthma and 22 current or former smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COPD). The degree of air trapping induced by each bronchoconstrictor agent was expressed b…
Smoking and Obesity Increase Airway Hyperesponsiveness Risk In the Elderly
2015
Objective of our study was assessing whether smoking and obesity might affect airways hyperresponsiveness (AHR) differently in younger and older subjects and whether this influence might be due to their different impacts on baseline lung function values at different ages. Methods 3,903 consecutive adult subjects with normal lung function (1,920 males; mean age 35.1±16.2; median FEV1:97.3% of predicted [interquartile range (IQR):89.7-105.2] and FEV1/FVC:84.6% of predicted [IQR:79.8-89.2]), having performed a methacholine test, were considered. They were subdivided into three groups according to age (18-39, 40-64 and ≥65 years) and into different sub-groups according to body mass index (BMI) …