Search results for "Family"
showing 10 items of 3539 documents
Current status and needs for changes in critical care training: the voice of the young cardiologists
2020
Abstract Aims The implementation of the 2013 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Core Curriculum guidelines for acute cardiovascular care (acc) training among European countries is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the current status of acc training among cardiology trainees and young cardiologists (<40 years) from ESC countries. Methods and results The survey (March–July 2019) asked about details of cardiology training, self-confidence in acc technical and non-technical skills, access to training opportunities, and needs for further training in the field. Overall 614 young doctors, 31 (26–43) years old, 55% males were surveyed. Place and duration of acc training differed between countr…
Prevalence of burnout in Polish anesthesiologists and anesthetist nursing professionals: A comparative non-randomized cross-sectional study.
2015
The purpose of the study was to assess the burnout levels in nurses ( N = 161) versus physicians ( N = 373). The levels of burnout were evaluated by the Polish adaptation of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (Cronbach’s alpha > .70). High burnout level was found in 18.63 percent nurses and 12.06 percent anesthesiologists, and critical level in 3.74 percent nurses and 5.90 percent anesthetists. There were statistically significant differences in Burnout global score, Enthusiasm toward the job, Psychological exhaustion, and Indolence subscales between nurses and physicians. No significant differences were found between sexes in any variable.
The experience of physicians in pharmacogenomic clinical decision support within eight German university hospitals.
2017
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the physicians’ attitude, their knowledge and their experience in pharmacogenomic clinical decision support in German hospitals. Materials & methods: We conducted an online survey to address physicians of 13 different medical specialties across eight German university hospitals. In total, 564 returned questionnaires were analyzed. Results: The remaining knowledge gap, the uncertainty of test reimbursement and the physicians’ lack of awareness of existing pharmacogenomic clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are the major barriers for implementing pharmacogenomic CDSS into German hospitals. Furthermore, pharmacogenomic CDSS are most effective …
Optimizing patient referral and center capacity in the management of chronic hepatitis C: Lessons from the Italian experience
2019
Abstract Aims In 2017 the Italian Drug Agency (Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, AIFA) revised the criteria for access to therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C as part of a three-year plan to eradicate HCV. We conducted a Delphi study to determine strategies to identify and treat patients with HCV and to develop through a shared pathway, a model to manage patient referral and optimize prescription center capacity with the overall aim of increasing access to therapy. Methods The process took place in two phases – Phase I (January 2017), before the criteria for treatment of HCV were revised and Phase II (May 2017) when AIFA developed a framework for the eradication of HCV infection in Ita…
Child maltreatment is mediating long-term consequences of household dysfunction in a population representative sample.
2019
AbstractBackground:Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) exhibit long-lasting consequences on later life and are considered as a major public health problem. ACEs can be divided into household dysfunctions, which affect the child indirectly, and direct maltreatment. As a high correlation between ACEs in general is known, we assessed the risk for child maltreatment associated with the occurrence of household dysfunctions. To provide a better understanding for the mechanisms leading to the deleterious sequelae of ACEs, we furthermore assessed whether the long-term consequences of household dysfunction are mediated by child maltreatment and thereby might be targeted by effective child protection…
Childhood methylphenidate treatment of ADHD and response to affective stimuli
2009
Neural correlates of emotional dysregulation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and persisting influence of Methylphenidate (MPH) still remain insufficiently understood. Decreased activation in the subgenual cingulate and the ventral striatum were found during the perception of positive and negative affective pictures in drug-naïve males with ADHD during childhood (n=10). Males with ADHD during childhood treated with MPH (n=10) did not show any significant differences compared to healthy controls (n=10). Further prospective studies need to clarify direct and indirect mechanisms of MPH treatment that may contribute to emotional processing, which is dysfunctional in males with…
Genetic variation of the interleukin-1 family and nongenetic factors determining the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist phenotypes.
2009
The natural anti-inflammatory protein interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) inhibits the activity of IL-1 and is associated with vascular injury and metabolic disorders. We analyzed genetic and nongenetic determinants of the IL-1Ra phenotype. Fifteen haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-1α (IL1A), IL-1β (IL1B), and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) genes were determined in the Health 2000 survey (n = 6771) and European myocardial infarction (MI) survivors (n = 972). Three SNPs were genotyped in the FINRISK97 (FR97) study (n = 7222). We found 3 IL1RN variants that were associated with the IL-1Ra phenotype in the study populations and remained significant af…
Perceptual Pseudoneglect in Schizophrenia: Candidate Endophenotype and the Role of the Right Parietal Cortex
2013
Several contributions have reported an altered expression of pseudoneglect in psychiatric disorders, highlighting the existence of an anomalous brain lateralization in affected subjects. Surprisingly, no studies have yet investigated pseudoneglect in first-degree relatives (FdR) of psychiatric patients. We investigated performance on “paper and pencil” line bisection (LB) tasks in 68 schizophrenic patients (SCZ), 42 unaffected FdR, 41 unipolar depressive patients (UP), and 103 healthy subjects (HS). A subgroup of 20 SCZ and 16 HS underwent computerized LB and mental number line bisection (MNL) tasks requiring judgment of prebisected lines and numerical intervals. Moreover, we evaluated, in …
Are primary-care physician practices related to health behaviors likely to reduce social inequalities in health?
2017
Abstract Our objective was to examine patients' health behaviors and the related practices of their primary-care physicians to determine whether physicians' actions might help to reduce the social inequalities in health behaviors among their patients. Fifty-two general practitioners, who were also medical school instructors in the Parisian area, volunteered to participate. A sample of 70 patients (stratified by sex) aged 40–70 years was randomly chosen from each physician's patient panel and asked to complete a questionnaire about their social position and health behaviors: tobacco and alcohol use, diet, physical activity, and participation in breast and cervical cancer screening. Each phys…
Effect of exercise training on in vitro LDL oxidation and free radical-induced hemolysis: the HERITAGE Family Study.
2006
Oxidant stress and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. Oxidative modifications of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) are thought to play an early and critical role in atherogenesis. LDL oxidation can be reproduced in vitro, but results usually show a large interindividual variation not entirely explained by the environment. Free radical-induced hemolysis is also proposed to reveal the overall antioxidant capacity. The roles of genetic factors and exercise on the variability of both measures were investigated. The study was conducted in 146 healthy individuals from 28 families participating in a 20-week exercise-training progra…