Search results for "Femtosecond"

showing 10 items of 238 documents

Contrast sensitivity after LASIK flap creation with a femtosecond laser and a mechanical microkeratome

2007

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To compare the effects on contrast sensitivity of the IntraLase femtosecond laser for flap creation (IntraLASIK) and standard LASIK for myopia. METHODS: Two hundred eyes of 100 consecutive patients underwent LASIK treatment using the VISX S2 laser system. The femtosecond laser (15 kHz IntraLase) was used for flap creation in 100 eyes (50 patients) and a mechanical microkeratome (Carriazo-Barraquer) was used in 100 eyes (50 patients). Best spectacle-corrected contrast sensitivity was measured before and 6 months postoperatively in the IntraLASIK and mechanical LASIK groups. The IntraLASIK and mechanical LASIKinduced changes in contrast sensitivity were compared under photop…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresMesopic visionmedicine.medical_treatmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectKeratomileusis Laser In SituSurgical Flapslaw.inventionContrast SensitivitylawMicrokeratomeOphthalmologymedicineHumansContrast (vision)media_commonbusiness.industryLASIKEquipment DesignRefractive ErrorsLasereye diseasesRefractive Surgical ProceduresSurgeryOphthalmologyTreatment OutcomeFemtosecondSurgerysense organsbusinessSensitivity (electronics)Follow-Up StudiesPhotopic vision
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Management of OH absorption in tellurite optical fibers and related supercontinuum generation

2013

Abstract We report the fabrication and the characterization of low OH content and low loss tellurite optical fibers. The influence of different methods of glass fabrication on fiber losses has been investigated. The use of the purest commercial raw materials can reduce the losses below 0.1 dB/m at 1.55 μm. Incorporation of fluoride ions into the tellurite glass matrix makes the optical fibers transparent up to 4 μm. A suspended core microstructured fiber has been fabricated and pumped by nanojoule-level femtosecond pulses, thus resulting in more than 2000-nm bandwidth supercontinuum after a few centimeters of propagation.

All-silica fiberOptical fiberMaterials scienceFabricationbusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryMicrostructured optical fiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionSupercontinuumInorganic ChemistryOpticslawFemtosecondOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessHard-clad silica optical fiberSpectroscopyPhotonic-crystal fiberOptical Materials
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Amplified Spontaneous Emission in Thin Films of CsPbX3 Perovskite Nanocrystals

2019

During the last years, Metal Halide Perovskites (MHPs) have attracted special attention as an efficient conversion films for photovoltaics, or excellent gain media to construct optical sources. In spite of the fact that most of the works have been focussed on CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3 (X=Cl, Br, I) polycrystalline thin films, MHP can be also synthesized as colloidal nanocrystals. In particular, caesium lead halide perovskite CsPbX 3 nanocrystals (NCs) revealed extraordinary properties for optoelectronics. With a high quantum yield of emission (>90%) at room temperature and linewidths less than 100 meV, CsPbX 3 NCs have demonstrated favourable characteristics for active photonics. Indeed, thin films o…

Amplified spontaneous emissionPhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencebusiness.industry02 engineering and technologyNanosecond010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesFemtosecondOptoelectronicsStimulated emissionThin filmPhotonics0210 nano-technologybusinessPerovskite (structure)2019 21st International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Polychromatic femtosecond fluorescence studies of metal–polypyridine complexes in solution

2011

Femtosecond-resolved broadband fluorescence studies are reported for[ M(bpy)(3)](2+) (M = Fe, Ru), RuN3 and RuN719 complexes in solution. We investigated the pump wavelength dependence of the fluorescence of aqueous [ Fe(bpy)(3)](2+) and the solvent and ligand dependence of the fluorescence of Ru-complexes excited at 400 nm. For all complexes, the (MLCT)-M-1 fluorescence appears at zero time delay with a mirror-like image with respect to the absorption. It decays in <= 30-45 fs due to intersystem crossing to the (MLCT)-M-3 states, but a longer lived component of similar to 190 fs additionally shows up in RuN719 and RuN3. No solvent effects are detected. The very early dynamics are character…

Aqueous solutionChemistryFluorescence up-conversionSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleGeneral Physics and AstronomyIntersystem crossingMetal–polypyridine complexes; IVR; Internal conversion; Intersystem crossing; Ultrafast; Fluorescence up-conversionPhotochemistryFluorescencePhotoinduced electron transferIntersystem crossingInternal conversionUltrafastExcited stateIntramolecular forceFemtosecondIVRMetal–polypyridine complexePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolvent effects
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Orientation and Alignment Echoes

2015

We present one of the simplest classical systems featuring the echo phenomenon---a collection of randomly oriented free rotors with dispersed rotational velocities. Following excitation by a pair of time-delayed impulsive kicks, the mean orientation or alignment of the ensemble exhibits multiple echoes and fractional echoes. We elucidate the mechanism of the echo formation by the kick-induced filamentation of phase space, and provide the first experimental demonstration of classical alignment echoes in a thermal gas of ${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$ molecules excited by a pair of femtosecond laser pulses.

Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics - Classical PhysicsPhysics - Atomic Physicslaw.inventionOpticsFilamentationlawPhysics - Chemical PhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]business.industry[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic and Molecular Clusters [physics.atm-clus]Echo (computing)Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)LaserOrientation (vector space)Phase spaceExcited stateFemtosecondAtomic physicsbusinessExcitationPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)Physical Review Letters
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Narrow-band pulsed electron source based on near-threshold photoionization of Cs in a magneto-optical trap

2019

The newly developed method of time-of-flight (ToF) momentum microscopy was used to analyse the cold electron emission from a Cs 3D magneto-optical trap (MOT). Three-step resonant photoionization was implemented via two intermediate states (6P3/2 pumped with 852 nm laser and 7S1/2 with 1470 nm) and a tuneable femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser for the final ionization step. The magnetic field of the MOT is switched off during the photoionization step. The natural bandwidth of the fs-laser is reduced to 4 meV using optical spectral filters. Precise tuning of the photon energy makes it possible to observe the transition regime between direct photoemission into the open continuum and field induced i…

Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsElectronPhotoionizationPhoton energy01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionsymbols.namesake[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]lawIonizationMagneto-optical trap0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Science[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Laser3. Good healthFemtosecondRydberg formulasymbolsAtomic physics
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Polarization Modulation Instability in All-Normal Dispersion Microstructured Optical Fibers with Quasi-Continuous 1064 nm Pump

2019

Polarization modulation instability (PMI) is a form of modulation instability that can exist in weakly birefringent optical fibers [1]. Sidebands can be generated by this effect when a polarization mode of the birefringent fiber is excited with an intense optical pump. The polarization state of the sidebands is orthogonal to the polarization of the pump signal. PMI has been observed in microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). PMI was reported in a large-air-filling fraction MOF that was pumped in the normal dispersion regime with visible light [2]. The coherent degradation of femtosecond supercontinuum light generated in all-normal dispersion (ANDi) MOFs due to PMI was recently investigated […

BirefringenceOptical fiberMaterials sciencebusiness.industryComputer Science::Information RetrievalPhysics::OpticsComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Polarization (waves)Supercontinuumlaw.inventionOptical pumpinglawPicosecondExcited stateFemtosecondOptoelectronicsbusiness2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe &amp; European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)
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Shaping of a ground state rotational wavepacket by frequency-chirped pulses

2001

0953-4075; A coherent rotational superposition state is produced in the ground vibronic level of N2 through the interaction of the molecule with the electric field vector of a nonresonant laser pulse. This rotational wavepacket is shaped with a linear frequency chirp of the laser field. The structural shape of the rotational coherences shows a strong dependence with the frequency-chirp amplitude. A comparison with a theoretical model allows the interpretation of the observed effects in terms of dephasing of the wavepacket induced by the laser phase distortion. Application of the presented results to the phase characterization of short XUV pulses is suggested.

CONTROLDephasingPhase (waves)Physics::Opticslaw.inventionCOHERENTSuperposition principleINDUCED POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPYlawPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersChirpPhysics::Atomic PhysicsFIELDFEMTOSECOND LASER-PULSESINTERFERENCEPhysicsPhase distortionPHOTODISSOCIATIONCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserEVOLUTIONN-2Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAmplitudeAtomic physicsGround stateJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Effects of femtosecond laser and other surface treatments on the bond strength of metallic and ceramic orthodontic brackets to zirconia.

2017

Femtosecond laser has been proposed as a method for conditioning zirconia surfaces to boost bond strength. However, metallic or ceramic bracket bonding to femtosecond lasertreated zirconia surfaces has not been tested. This study compared the effects of four conditioning techniques, including femtosecond laser irradiation, on shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic and ceramic brackets to zirconia.Three hundred zirconia plates were divided into five groups: 1) control (C); 2) sandblasting (APA); 3) silica coating and silane (SC); 4) femtosecond laser (FS); 5) sandblasting followed by femtosecond laser (APA+SC). A thermal imaging camera measured temperature changes in the zirconia during irrad…

CeramicsScanning electron microscopeOrthodontic Bracketslcsh:MedicineTissue AdhesionsCoating Materials030207 dermatology & venereal diseases0302 clinical medicineMedicine and Health SciencesSilaneElectron MicroscopyCubic zirconiaCeramicZirconium oxideComposite materiallcsh:ScienceMicroscopyMultidisciplinaryBond strengthBracketTemperatureOptical EquipmentMetalsvisual_artPhysical SciencesFemtosecondvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEngineering and TechnologyScanning Electron MicroscopyShear StrengthResearch ArticleMaterials scienceMaterials by StructureMaterials ScienceOral MedicineEquipmentOrthodonticsResearch and Analysis MethodsENPEP gene03 medical and health sciencesCoatingsAdhesivesShear strengthMaterials by AttributeUniversal testing machineSurface TreatmentsLaserslcsh:R030206 dentistryManufacturing ProcessesMicroscopy Electron Scanninglcsh:QZirconiumPLoS ONE
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Femtosecond polarization spectroscopy in molecular gas mixtures: Macroscopic interference and concentration measurements

2000

0021-9606; Raman-induced polarization spectroscopy (RIPS) experiments combined with homodyne detection have been conducted with a femtosecond laser at room temperature and low pressure (p < 2 atm) in CO2-N2 mixtures as well as in air (O2-N2 mixtures). Each molecule of the mixture produces its own time-dependent signal, measured as a series of recurring transients. Macroscopic interference is observed when transients of both molecules overlap in the time domain. This interference leads to a large modification of the signal, which is well reproduced by calculations. The total signal recorded in CO2-N2 or O2-N2 mixtures of known concentration is analyzed in order to measure the polarizability …

ChemistryAIRAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesINVERSE RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPYROTATIONAL COHERENCE010309 opticssymbols.namesakeHomodyne detectionPolarizability0103 physical sciencesFemtosecondsymbolsCO2Time domainPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsAnisotropySpectroscopyRaman spectroscopy
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