Search results for "Fermion"

showing 10 items of 523 documents

Towards a kinetic theory for fermions with quantum coherence

2008

A new density matrix and corresponding quantum kinetic equations are introduced for fermions undergoing coherent evolution either in time (coherent particle production) or in space (quantum reflection). A central element in our derivation is finding new spectral solutions for the 2-point Green's functions written in the Wigner representation, that are carrying the information of the quantum coherence. Physically observable density matrix is then defined from the bare singular 2-point function by convoluting it with the extrenous information about the state of the system. The formalism is shown to reproduce familiar results from the Dirac equation approach, like Klein problem and nonlocal re…

Density matrixPhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesObservableFermionAstrophysics01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeOpen quantum systemHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Classical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Dirac equationQuantum processQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsQuantum operation010306 general physicsCoherence (physics)
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Quantum kinetic theory for fermions in temporally varying backrounds

2008

We derive quantum kinetic equations for fermions in a homogeneous time-dependent background in presence of decohering collisions, by use of the Schwinger-Keldysh CTP-formalism. The quantum coherence (between particles and antiparticles) is found to arise from new spectral solutions for the dynamical 2-point correlation function in the mean field limit. The physical density matrix $\rho$ and its dynamics is shown to be necessarily dependent on the extrenous information on the system, and expressions that relate $\rho$ to fundamental coherence functions and fermionic particle and antiparticle numbers are derived. For an interacting system we demonstrate how smooth decoherence effects are indu…

Density matrixPhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuantum decoherenceThermal quantum field theoryAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesFermionAstrophysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyThermalisationHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Quantum mechanicsQuasiparticleQuantumCoherence (physics)
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Coherent quasiparticle approximation (cQPA) and nonlocal coherence

2010

We show that the dynamical Wigner functions for noninteracting fermions and bosons can have complex singularity structures with a number of new solutions accompanying the usual mass-shell dispersion relations. These new shell solutions are shown to encode the information of the quantum coherence between particles and antiparticles, left and right moving chiral states and/or between different flavour states. Analogously to the usual derivation of the Boltzmann equation, we impose this extended phase space structure on the full interacting theory. This extension of the quasiparticle approximation gives rise to a self-consistent equation of motion for a density matrix that combines the quantum…

Density matrixPhysicsHistoryParticle physicsQuantum decoherence010308 nuclear & particles physicsFOS: Physical scienceshep-phFermion114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesBoltzmann equationComputer Science ApplicationsEducationBaryogenesisHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)SingularityQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticle010306 general physicsCoherence (physics)Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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Kinetic transport theory with quantum coherence

2008

We derive transport equations for fermions and bosons in spatially or temporally varying backgrounds with special symmetries, by use of the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. In a noninteracting theory the coherence information is shown to be encoded in new singular shells for the 2-point function. Imposing this phase space structure to the interacting theory leads to a a self-consistent equation of motion for a physcial density matrix, including coherence and a well defined collision integral. The method is applied e.g. to demonstrate how an initially coherent out-of-equlibrium state approaches equlibrium through decoherence and thermalization.

Density matrixPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuantum decoherenceThermal quantum field theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquations of motionFOS: Physical sciencesFermion01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyClassical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Quantum mechanicsPhase space0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantumCoherence (physics)
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Preparation of superconducting thin films of UNiAl

2005

Abstract Epitaxial thin films of the unconventional heavy fermion superconductor UNi 2 Al 3 we prepared by coevaporation of the elementary components in a molecular beam epitaxy system (MBE). The phase purity and structural quality of the films deposited on (0 1 0)- or (1 1 2)-oriented YAlO 3 substrates were studied by X-ray diffraction and RHEED. The observed R ( T ) behavior is consistent with data obtained from bulk samples and proves the purity of the films. Superconductivity was found with transition temperature T c =0.97 K.

DiffractionSuperconductivityReflection high-energy electron diffractionQuality (physics)Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsTransition temperatureElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmHeavy fermion superconductorCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMolecular beam epitaxyPhysica B: Condensed Matter
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Tevatron Run II combination of the effective leptonic electroweak mixing angle

2018

The Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Program and the European Union community Marie Curie Fellowship Contract No. 302103.

Drell-Yan processsemianalytical programsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)FERMION PAIR PRODUCTIONUPGRADETevatronhadron-colliders01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentPhysics Particles & Fieldselectron: pair productionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)MONTE-CARLOUNIVERSAL MONTE-CARLOELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETERDZERO[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]HADRON COLLIDERSangular distributionBatavia TEVATRON CollMonte CarloPhysicsscattering [anti-p p]gauge bosonPhysicsElectroweak interactionDrell–Yan processWeinberg anglespontaneous symmetry breaking [electroweak interaction]muon: pair productionPhysical Sciencesmixing angle [electroweak interaction]bosonPHOTOSmass: measured [W]asymmetryParticle physicsFOS: Physical sciencesSEMIANALYTICAL PROGRAMddc:500.2Astronomy & Astrophysicselectroweak interaction: spontaneous symmetry breaking114 Physical sciences530programmingW: mass: measuredStandard Modelanti-p p: colliding beams[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]hadroproduction [Z0]0103 physical sciencesanti-p p: scatteringddc:530High Energy Physicspair production [electron]pair production [muon]CALORIMETER010306 general physicsQED RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONSQed radiative-corrections; fermion pair production; universal; Monte Carlo; parton distributions; hadron-colliders; electromagnetic; calorimeter;semianalytical programs; E(+)E(-) annihilation; boson; production; D0 detectorGauge bosonBOSON PRODUCTIONMuonScience & Technologyelectroweak interaction: mixing angleAnti-p p: scattering | anti-p p: colliding beams | Z0: hadroproduction | Z0: leptonic decay | electroweak interaction: spontaneous symmetry breaking | electroweak interaction: mixing angle | muon: pair production | W: mass: measured | Weinberg angle | Batavia TEVATRON Coll | angular distribution | electron: pair production | Drell-Yan process | gauge boson | programming | asymmetry | CDF | DZERO | experimental resultsIDENTIFICATION010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyuniversalWeinberg angleZ0: hadroproductionQED RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; FERMION PAIR PRODUCTION; UNIVERSAL; MONTE-CARLO; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; HADRON COLLIDERS; ELECTROMAGNETIC; CALORIMETER; SEMIANALYTICAL PROGRAM; E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATION; BOSON; PRODUCTION; D0 DETECTORleptonic decay [Z0]E(+)E(-) ANNIHILATIONelectromagneticPARTON DISTRIBUTIONSExperimental High Energy PhysicsZ0: leptonic decayD0 DETECTORCDFHigh Energy Physics::Experimentproductioncolliding beams [anti-p p]Leptonexperimental results
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Quantum field theory of dilute homogeneous Bose-Fermi mixtures at zero temperature: General formalism and beyond mean-field corrections

2002

We consider a dilute homogeneous mixture of bosons and spin-polarized fermions at zero temperature. We first construct the formal scheme for carrying out systematic perturbation theory in terms of single particle Green's functions. We introduce a new relevant object, the renormalized boson-fermion T-matrix which we determine to second order in the boson-fermion s-wave scattering length. We also discuss how to incorporate the usual boson-boson T-matrix in mean-field approximation to obtain the total ground state properties of the system. The next order term beyond mean-field stems from the boson-fermion interaction and is proportional to $a_{\scriptsize BF}k_{\scriptsize F}$. The total groun…

Einstein condensationDegeneracyHigh Energy Physics::LatticeCondensed Matter (cond-mat)FOS: Physical sciencesHE-3-HE-4 mixturesCondensed MatterKinetic energylaw.inventionlawQuantum mechanicsQuantum field theoryBosonPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesInstitut für Physik und AstronomieScattering lengthInteraction energyFermionCollisions.Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtomic gasMean field theorySuperfluidityQuantum electrodynamicsBose–Einstein condensate
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Electromagnetic Form Factors in the Time Like Domain

2008

The electromagnetic form factors in the time like domain can be accessed by the reaction p ¯ p → e + e − or its time inversed process. Despite a long standing experimental effort to determine these form factors, the precision in the knowledge of the ratio | G E | / | G M | ist still very poor in the time like domain. All world data suffer from limited statistics and therefore have used the hypothesis of | G E | = | G M | in order to extract a value for | G M | . While there is no theory argument for this hypothesis, recent JLAB data from polarisation transfer in elastic electron scattering show, that this hypothesis does not hold. Only a few data points allow the determination of | G E | / …

Elastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPair productionDomain (ring theory)CalculusElementary particleStatistical physicsFermionMeasure (mathematics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLeptonMathematicsDimensionless quantityNuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements
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Fermi condensates for dynamic imaging of electromagnetic fields.

2008

Ultracold gases provide micrometer size atomic samples whose sensitivity to external fields may be exploited in sensor applications. Bose-Einstein condensates of atomic gases have been demonstrated to perform excellently as magnetic field sensors \cite{Wildermuth2005a} in atom chip \cite{Folman2002a,Fortagh2007a} experiments. As such, they offer a combination of resolution and sensitivity presently unattainable by other methods \cite{Wildermuth2006a}. Here we propose that condensates of Fermionic atoms can be used for non-invasive sensing of time-dependent and static magnetic and electric fields, by utilizing the tunable energy gap in the excitation spectrum as a frequency filter. Perturbat…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesCondensed matter physicsBand gapCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesFermion01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasComputational physicsMagnetic fieldCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Electric field0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticle010306 general physicsSpectroscopyExcitationOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)Physical review letters
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Exactly solvable relativistic model with the anomalous interaction

2010

A special class of Dirac-Pauli equations with time-like vector potentials of an external field is investigated. An exactly solvable relativistic model describing the anomalous interaction of a neutral Dirac fermion with a cylindrically symmetric external electromagnetic field is presented. The related external field is a superposition of the electric field generated by a charged infinite filament and the magnetic field generated by a straight line current. In the nonrelativistic approximation the considered model is reduced to the integrable Pron'ko-Stroganov model.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciMeccanica QuantisticaFermionRelativitàAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSymmetry (physics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaMagnetic fieldSuperposition principlesymbols.namesakeDirac fermionQuantum electrodynamicsElectric fieldsymbolsRelativistic wave equations
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