Search results for "Focusing"
showing 10 items of 95 documents
From [emotion] to [against will]: the Process of Grammaticalization of malgrat in the 12th-16th centuries
2018
L’estudi que presentem se centra en el procés de gramaticalització de malgrat, des del paper com a Sintagma Nominal originari que expressa una [emoció] fins al valor de [contra voluntat] que arribà a assolir com a Sintagma Preposicional. Parem esment especialment en la retracció que experimentà malgrat justament a partir del segle xvi. Examinem l’evolució de malgrat segons les propostes de la Lingüística Cognitiva i, concretament, la Teoria de la Gramaticalització, i les combinem amb els plantejaments de l’Anàlisi del Discurs, la Teoria de l’Argumentació i la Pragmàtica. La defensa del canvi lingüístic arrelat en l’ús, d’acord amb la Teoria de la Intersubjectivació, ens ajuda a revisar les …
Clinical Use of κ Free Light Chains Index as a Screening Test for Multiple Sclerosis.
2020
Abstract Objective To assess the usefulness of the κ free light chain index (κFLCi) as a screening test to identify patients with suspected MS. Methods The study included 56 patients with a request to test for oligoclonal bands (OCBs). OCBs were detected by isoelectric focusing, followed by immunofixation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum κFLC were measured by a turbidimetric assay. Also, the κFLC index (κFLCi) was calculated. Results CSF κFLC levels and κFLCi were significantly higher in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) than in patients with other neurological diseases (NDs; P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). At the cutoff value of 2.9, the κFLCi detected MS with s…
Synthesis and expression of MHC class II molecules in the absence of attached invariant chains by recombinant-interferon-gamma-activated bone-marrow-…
1987
Pure populations of in vitro propagated bone marrow-derived macrophages are constitutively Ia negative. Co-culturing of these cells with recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) resulted in the appearance of high amounts of Ia antigens at the cell surface of essentially all cells. The continuous presence of the stimulus was a prerequisite for sustained Ia expression because removal of the stimulus resulted in rapid decline of surface Ia. Two-dimensional (2D) gel analysis (1D isoelectric focusing, 2D sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of class II molecules synthesized by rIFN-gamma-stimulated bone marrow macrophages (BMM phi) revealed that, in contrast to class II co…
Siderophore typing, a powerful tool for the identification of fluorescent and nonfluorescent Pseudomonas
2002
ABSTRACT A total of 301 strains of fluorescent pseudomonads previously characterized by conventional phenotypic and/or genomic taxonomic methods were analyzed through siderotyping, i.e., by the isoelectrophoretic characterization of their main siderophores and pyoverdines and determination of the pyoverdine-mediated iron uptake specificity of the strains. As a general rule, strains within a well-circumscribed taxonomic group, namely the species Pseudomonas brassicacearum , Pseudomonas fuscovaginae , Pseudomonas jessenii , Pseudomonas mandelii , Pseudomonas monteilii , “ Pseudomonas mosselii ,” “ Pseudomonas palleronii ,” Pseudomonas rhodesiae , “ Pseudomonas salomonii ,” Pseudomonas syringa…
"Ironia i metadiscurs en el teatre català actual, a propòsit d'Elsa Schneider, de Sergi Belbel"
2014
This article has as its goal to analyze the dramatic text «Elsa Schneider» (1987), by Sergi Belbel, starting from the concept of irony of contrast between text and context of communication. This ironic resource is conveyed through the different composition of the three sequences of monologues in which the work is structured. With this resource the author offers an approach to a metadiscursive subject matter which revolves around scenic communication and theatrical genres.
Higher-order Kerr terms allow ionization-free filamentation in gases.
2010
We show that higher-order nonlinear indices ($n_4$, $n_6$, $n_8$, $n_{10}$) provide the main defocusing contribution to self-channeling of ultrashort laser pulses in air and Argon at 800 nm, in contrast with the previously accepted mechanism of filamentation where plasma was considered as the dominant defocusing process. Their consideration allows to reproduce experimentally observed intensities and plasma densities in self-guided filaments.
Measurement of high order Kerr refractive index of major air components
2009
International audience; We measure the instantaneous electronic nonlinear refractive index of N2 , O2 , and Ar at room temperature for a 90 fs and 800 nm laser pulse. Measurements are calibrated by post-pulse molecular alignment through a polarization technique. At low intensity, quadratic coefficients n2 are determined. At higher intensities, a strong negative contribution with a higher nonlinearity appears, which leads to an overall negative nonlinear Kerr refractive index in air above 26 TW/cm2 .
Measurement of high order Kerr refractive index of major air components: erratum
2010
A clarification is missing concerning the high order Kerr non-linearities deduced from our experimental data published in [Opt. Express 17, 13429-13434 (2009)]. Here, we rectify this omission by making explicit the distinction between cross-Kerr and Kerr effects, and by extrapolating the value of the nonlinear refractive index for the last effect. Since the occurrence of sign inversion in the Kerr effect is not affected, the overall report in [Opt. Express 17, 13429-13434] remains valid.
General approach to spatiotemporal modulational instability processes
2011
International audience; In this article, we derive the general exact solution of the modulation instability gain. The solution described here is valid for 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D cases considering any temporal response function of the medium and with possible higher order Kerr nonlinearities. In particular, we show that the gain induced by modulation instability is initial condition dependent, while the usual calculations do not lead to such a dependence. Applications for current and high-interest nonlinear propagation problems, such as 1-D optical fiber propagation with delayed Raman response and 2-D filamentation in gases, are investigated in detail. More specifically, we demonstrate that the 2-D …
Spectral dependence of purely-Kerr driven filamentation in air and argon
2010
5 pags, 4 figs.-- PACS number(s): 42.65.Jx, 42.65.Tg, 78.20.Ci. -- Publisher error corrected 27 September 2010, Erratum Phys. Rev. A 82, 039905 (2010): https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.82.033826