Search results for "Food deprivation"
showing 8 items of 18 documents
Depressive-like symptoms in a reserpine-induced model of fibromyalgia in rats.
2015
Since the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia is unknown, treatment options are limited, ineffective and in fact based on symptom relief. A recently proposed rat model of fibromyalgia is based on central depletion of monamines caused by reserpine administration. This model showed widespread musculoskeletal pain and depressive-like symptoms, but the methodology used to measure such symptoms has been criticized. Evidence relates the high prevalence of pain and depression in fibromyalgia to common pathogenic pathways, most probably focused on the monoaminergic system. The present study aims at a validation of the reserpine model of fibromyalgia. For this purpose, rats undergoing this model have been …
A 3-week feed restriction after weaning as an alternative to a medicated diet: effects on growth, health, carcass and meat traits of rabbits of two g…
2017
Feed restriction after weaning is widely used in meat rabbit farms to promote health and reduce mortality, but this practice impacts negatively on rabbit growth and slaughter performance. This study compared a 3-week post-weaning feed restriction with ad libitum medicated feeding, evaluating effects on feed intake, growth, health, carcass and meat quality of rabbits of two genotypes: Italian White pure breed and Hycole hybrid×Italian White crossbred. A total of 512 rabbits at 36 days of age, of both sexes and two genotypes, were divided into four homogeneous groups assigned, from 36 to 57 days of age, to different feeding programmes (FP): restricted non-medicated (R-N), ad libitum non-medic…
The effects of a number of short-term exogenous stimuli on pineal serotonin-N-acetyltransferase activity in rats
1984
The present study deals with the question as to what extent the sympathetically innervated rat pineal gland is affected by a number of short-term exogenous stimuli given during day-time, as assessed by measuring pineal serotonin-N-acetyltransferase activity (NAT) which is directly proportional to melatonin formation. In male Sprague-Dawley rats kept under LD 12:12 pineal NAT was statistically significantly depressed by physical immobilization for 2 hours, swimming for 15 min in water of 10 and 30 degrees C, exposure for 2 hours to cold (5 degrees C) or heat (40 degrees C), noise (90 db) for 2 hours and hunger for 17 hours. An increase in NAT was noted after swimming for 15 min in water of 2…
Food deprivation decreases the exertion-induced acid hydrolase response in mouse skeletal muscle
1988
Strenuous prolonged running causes muscle fibre necrosis in skeletal muscles. The muscle injury is associated with inflammation and a strong increase in the total activities of certain acid hydrolases a few days after exertion. The activity changes of acid hydrolases quantitatively well reflect the severity of histopathological changes during the myopathy (for review see Salminen, Acta Physiol Scand [Suppl 539] 1985). In this study male NMRI-mice were exposed to a protocol of fasting and refeeding together with or without a 6 h run on a treadmill at 13.5 m.min-1. The animals were killed 4 days after the exercise and samples from the red part of quadriceps femoris were analyzed for arylsulfa…
Role of the basolateral amygdala in retrieval of conditioned flavors in the awake rat.
2014
International audience; Learned association between odor, taste and further post-ingestive consequence is known as flavor nutrient conditioned preference. Amygdala is supposed to be one of the areas involved in these associations. In the present study, one flavor was associated with a 16% glucose (CS+) whereas another flavor was paired with less reinforcing 4% glucose (CS-). We showed that CS+ presentation after conditioning increased Fos expression in the basolateral nucleus of amygdala (BLA). Furthermore, we performed electrophysiological recordings in the BLA in free moving rats. After preference acquisition, rats were exposed to either the CS+ or the CS-. The proportion of neurons showi…
Ethylene modulates gene expression in cells of the marine sponge Suberites domuncula and reduces the degree of apoptosis.
1999
Sponges (phylum Porifera) live in an aqueous milieu that contains dissolved organic carbon. This is degraded photochemically by ultraviolet radiation to alkenes, particularly to ethylene. This study demonstrates that sponge cells (here the demosponge Suberites domuncula has been used), which have assembled to primmorphs, react to 5 microM ethylene with a significant up-regulation of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and with a reduction of starvation-induced apoptosis. In primmorphs from S. domuncula the expression of two genes is up-regulated after exposure to ethylene. The cDNA of the first gene (SDERR) isolated from S. domuncula encodes a potential ethylene-responsive protein, termed ER…
Vitellogenesis inhibition in Oncopeltus fasciatus females (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) exposed to cadmium
2005
Abstract Newly moulted females of the insect Oncopeltus fasciatus were exposed to cadmium (Cd) dissolved in the drinking water (50–400 mg l −1 Cd) for 5 days. Cd exposure delayed ovarian maturation and inhibited egg production. Exposure to Cd, moreover, decreased hemolymph levels of the two major vitellogenin polypeptides of O. fasciatus , VG1 and VG2, in a concentration-dependent way, probably by a reduction in their synthesis. The ovarian levels of VG1 and VG2 were also decreased in Cd-exposed females. It was next investigated whether Cd effects might be a consequence of the endocrine disruption of vitellogenin synthesis, which is controlled by juvenile hormone (JH). JH replacement therap…
The price of safety: food deprivation in early life influences the efficacy of chemical defence in an aposematic moth
2018
Aposematism is the combination of a primary signal with a secondary defence that predators must learn to associate with one another. However, variation in the level of defence, both within and between species, is very common. As secondary defences influence individual fitness, this variation in quality and quantity requires an evolutionary explanation, particularly as it may or may not correlate with variation in primary signals. The costs of defence production are expected to play a considerable role in generating this variation, yet studies of the cost of chemical defence have focused on species that sequester their defences, while studies in species that produce them de novo are scarce. …