Search results for "Forestry"

Nature and origin of the hematite-bearing plains of Terra Meridiani based on analyses of orbital and Mars Exploration rover data sets

2006

The ~5 km of traverses and observations completed by the Opportunity rover from Endurance crater to the Fruitbasket outcrop show that the Meridiani plains consist of sulfate-rich sedimentary rocks that are largely covered by poorly-sorted basaltic aeolian sands and a lag of granule-sized hematitic concretions. Orbital reflectance spectra obtained by Mars Express OMEGA over this region are dominated by pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, crystalline hematite (i.e., concretions), and nano-phase iron oxide dust signatures, consistent with Pancam and Mini-TES observations. Mossbauer Spectrometer observations indicate more olivine than observed with the other instruments, consistent with preferentia…

Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS): Results from Gusev crater and calibration report

2006

The chemical composition of rocks and soils on Mars analyzed during the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit Mission was determined by X-ray analyses with the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS). Details of the data analysis method and the instrument calibration are presented. Measurements performed on Mars to address geometry effects and background contributions are shown. Cross calibration measurements among several instrument sensors and sources are discussed. An unintentional swap of the two flight instruments is evaluated. New concentration data acquired during the first 470 sols of rover Spirit in Gusev Crater are presented. There are two geological regions, the Gusev plains and the Col…

Mineralogy and chemistry of cobbles at Meridiani Planum, Mars, investigated by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity

2010

Numerous loose rocks with dimensions of a few centimeters to tens of centimeters and with no obvious physical relationship to outcrop rocks have been observed along the traverse of the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. To date, about a dozen of these rocks have been analyzed with Opportunity’s contact instruments, providing information about elemental chemistry (Alpha Particle X‐ray Spectrometer), iron mineralogy and oxidation states (Mossbauer Spectrometer) and texture (Microscopic Imager). These "cobbles" appear to be impact related, and three distinct groups can be identified on the basis of chemistry and mineralogy. The first group comprises bright fragments of the sulfate‐rich bedroc…

Influence des facteurs naturels sur la maturation du raisin, en 1979, à Pomerol et Saint-Emilion

1981

<p style="text-align: justify;">Les vignobles de Pomerol et Saint-Emilion sont implantés sur des sols dérivant de roches-mères variées; ils produisent des vins de haute qualité mais différents suivant leur origine géologique.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Dans les meilleurs crus, nous avons pu vérifier que les variations mésoclimatiques sont très faibles et ont peu d'influence sur les caractères des vins. Par contre, en 1979, une relation a été mise en évidence entre les conditions de l'alimentation en eau de la vigne (étroitement liées aux propriétés physiques des sols) et la constitution des raisins à maturité (<em>V. vinifera</em> var. Merlot noir).<…

Modeling the mobility of glyphosate from two contrasting agricultural soils in laboratory column experiments

2019

Glyphosate (GLP) currently is one of the most widely used herbicides worldwide. The persistence of GLP and its major metabolite, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in the environment has been described by other authors. This study was aimed at comparing the GLP and AMPA behavior in sandy and loamy sand soils after spiking with enhanced (445 µg g−1) concentrations of GLP in herbicide KLINIK® (Nufarm, Austria) and bioaugmentation followed by 40 days weathering and a consistent three-stage leaching in a laboratory column experiment. Soil samples were obtained from mineral topsoil (0–10 cm) within former agricultural lands where soil parent material was formed by glacigenic deposits. The total a…

A comparison of HONO budgets for two measurement heights at a field station within the boreal forest in Finland

2015

Atmospheric concentrations of nitrous acid (HONO), one of the major precursors of the hydroxyl radical (OH) in the troposphere, significantly exceed the values predicted by the assumption of a photostationary state (PSS) during daytime. Therefore, additional sources of HONO were intensively investigated in the last decades. This study presents budget calculations of HONO based on simultaneous measurements of all relevant species, including HONO and OH at two different measurement heights, i.e. 1 m above the ground and about 2 to 3 m above the canopy (24 m above the ground), conducted in a boreal forest environment. We observed mean HONO concentrations of about 6.5 × 108 molecules cm−3 (26 p…

Latvijas mežu vēsture (līdz 1940. gadam): mežu vēstures bibliogrāfija

1996

Saturs: Ievadam 3 Rādītājā lietotie saīsinājumi 4 Vispārējie materiāli 6 Mežu politika un likumdošana 24 Mežainība. Koku sugas 37 Meža dzīvnieki un medniecība 49 Meža izmantošana 56 Meža blakus izmantošana 62 Meža materiālu eksports un imports 64 Meža muzeji 68 Personālijas 69

Platform GenoSol: a new tool for conserving and exploring soil microbial diversity

2009

International audience; Soils are the principal reservoirs of microbial diversity and represent a core component of terrestrial ecosystems. There is an increasing demand for assessing the impact of agricultural and industrial practices on the environment at large scales in a context of global change. To address this demand, taxonomic and functional diversity of soil microbial communities, and their stability over time need to be characterized for predicting soil quality upon human activities, the evolution of this quality being expected to affect environment quality and public health. Recent methodological progresses have led to the development and automation of molecular biological tools (…

2019

With growing populations and climate change, assuring food and nutrition security is an increasingly challenging task. Climate-smart and sustainable agriculture, that is, conceiving agriculture to be resistant and resilient to a changing climate while keeping it viable in the long term, is probably the best solution. The role of soil biota and particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in this new agriculture is believed to be of paramount importance. However, the large nutrient pools and the microbiota of subsoils are rarely considered in the equation. Here we explore the potential contributions of subsoil AM fungi to a reduced and more efficient fertilization, carbon sequestration, an…

Impact of Rocky Desertification Control on Soil Bacterial Community in Karst Graben Basin, Southwestern China

2021

Microorganisms play critical roles in belowground ecosystems, and karst rocky desertification (KRD) control affects edaphic properties and vegetation coverage. However, the relationship between KRD control and soil bacterial communities remains unclear. 16S rRNA gene next-generation sequencing was used to investigate soil bacterial community structure, composition, diversity, and co-occurrence network from five ecological types in KRD control area. Moreover, soil physical-chemical properties and soil stoichiometry characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed. Soil N and P co-limitation decreased in the contribution of the promotion of KRD control on edaphic properties. T…