Search results for "Formula"

showing 10 items of 755 documents

ΔJ-integral range estimation for fatigue crack growth rate description

2004

Abstract The paper presents an equation for fatigue crack growth rate description taking into account the ΔJ-integral range, which was verified experimentally for variable bending. Plane, notched specimens were tested under unilaterally restrained bending for different values of stress ratio R. The results of tests and numerical calculations were presented as characteristics of fatigue crack growth rate. It has been shown that in the case of a change of stress ratio from R=−1.0 to R=0.0, the crack rate increases twice for 10HNAP steel and five times for 18G2A steel. The empirical formula presented in the paper describes well the test results of fatigue crack rate in the steels.

Materials sciencebusiness.industryStress ratioPlane (geometry)Mechanical EngineeringBendingStructural engineeringMechanicsParis' lawCrack growth resistance curveIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringCrack closureMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationEmpirical formulaRange (statistics)General Materials SciencebusinessInternational Journal of Fatigue
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Resonance laser ionization spectroscopy of tellurium

2019

Abstract Resonance ionization schemes for tellurium are investigated with a resonance ionization laser ion source and Ti:Sapphire lasers for fundamental research applications. We present the first three-step resonance ionization spectra of atomic Te. Several autoionizing Rydberg series converging to the first excited state of Te+ are observed and assigned to 5p3 (2Do3/2) ns and nd configurations. Our results include confirmation and significant expansion of the Rydberg series previously reported as well as observation of three new series. From the series convergence limits the ionization potential of tellurium is revised to be 72,669.006(42)stat(20)sys cm−1.

Materials sciencechemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakeIonization0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsSpectroscopyInstrumentationSpectroscopy010302 applied physics010401 analytical chemistryResonanceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIon source0104 chemical scienceschemistryExcited stateRydberg formulasymbolsAtomic physicsIonization energyTelluriumSpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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Navier-Stokes equations on an exterior circular domain: construction of the solution and the zero viscosity limit

1997

Abstract In this Note, we consider the limit of Navier-Stokes equations on a circular domain. By an explicit construction of the solution, it is proved that, when viscosity goes to zero, solution converges to the Euler solution outside the boundary layer and to the Prandtl solution inside the boundary layer.

Mathematical analysisPrandtl numberGeneral MedicineDomain (mathematical analysis)Euler equationsPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeBoundary layerViscosityEuler's formulasymbolsLimit (mathematics)Navier–Stokes equationsMathematicsComptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series I - Mathematics
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First-passage problem for nonlinear systems under Lévy white noise through path integral method

2016

In this paper, the first-passage problem for nonlinear systems driven by $$\alpha $$ -stable Levy white noises is considered. The path integral solution (PIS) is adopted for determining the reliability function and first-passage time probability density function of nonlinear oscillators. Specifically, based on the properties of $$\alpha $$ -stable random variables and processes, PIS is extended to deal with Levy white noises with any value of the stability index $$\alpha $$ . Application to linear and nonlinear systems considering different values of $$\alpha $$ is reported. Comparisons with pertinent Monte Carlo simulation data demonstrate the accuracy of the results.

Mathematical optimizationPath integralMonte Carlo methodAerospace Engineering020101 civil engineeringOcean EngineeringProbability density function02 engineering and technologyLévy white noise0201 civil engineering0203 mechanical engineeringApplied mathematicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMathematicsFirst passageApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringWhite noiseFunction (mathematics)Nonlinear systemAlpha (programming language)020303 mechanical engineering & transportsControl and Systems EngineeringPath integral formulationNonlinear systemRandom variable
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Orientation theory in arithmetic geometry

2016

This work is devoted to study orientation theory in arithmetic geometric within the motivic homotopy theory of Morel and Voevodsky. The main tool is a formulation of the absolute purity property for an \emph{arithmetic cohomology theory}, either represented by a cartesian section of the stable homotopy category or satisfying suitable axioms. We give many examples, formulate conjectures and prove a useful property of analytical invariance. Within this axiomatic, we thoroughly develop the theory of characteristic and fundamental classes, Gysin and residue morphisms. This is used to prove Riemann-Roch formulas, in Grothendieck style for arbitrary natural transformations of cohomologies, and a …

Mathematics - Algebraic Geometryresiduescobordism14C40 14F42 14F20 19E20 19D45 19E15Mathematics::K-Theory and HomologyMathematics::Category Theory[MATH.MATH-AG] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG][MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]Orientation theorymotivic homotopyMathematics::Algebraic TopologyRiemann-Roch formulas
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Counting common perpendicular arcs in negative curvature

2013

Let $D^-$ and $D^+$ be properly immersed closed locally convex subsets of a Riemannian manifold with pinched negative sectional curvature. Using mixing properties of the geodesic flow, we give an asymptotic formula as $t\to+\infty$ for the number of common perpendiculars of length at most $t$ from $D^-$ to $D^+$, counted with multiplicities, and we prove the equidistribution in the outer and inner unit normal bundles of $D^-$ and $D^+$ of the tangent vectors at the endpoints of the common perpendiculars. When the manifold is compact with exponential decay of correlations or arithmetic with finite volume, we give an error term for the asymptotic. As an application, we give an asymptotic form…

Mathematics - Differential GeometryGeneral Mathematics[MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]37D40 37A25 53C22 30F4001 natural sciencesDomain (mathematical analysis)Bowen-Margulis measurecommon perpendicularequidistributiondecay of correlation0502 economics and businessortholength spectrummixingAsymptotic formulaSectional curvatureTangent vectorMathematics - Dynamical Systems0101 mathematicsExponential decayskinning measurelaskeminenMathematicsconvexityApplied Mathematicsta111010102 general mathematics05 social sciencesMathematical analysisRegular polygonnegative curvatureRiemannian manifoldGibbs measureManifoldKleinian groups[MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]countingMathematics::Differential Geometrygeodesic arc050203 business & management
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Bicycle paths, elasticae and sub-Riemannian geometry

2020

We relate the sub-Riemannian geometry on the group of rigid motions of the plane to `bicycling mathematics'. We show that this geometry's geodesics correspond to bike paths whose front tracks are either non-inflectional Euler elasticae or straight lines, and that its infinite minimizing geodesics (or `metric lines') correspond to bike paths whose front tracks are either straight lines or `Euler's solitons' (also known as Syntractrix or Convicts' curves).

Mathematics - Differential GeometryGeodesicGeneral Physics and AstronomyGeometryRiemannian geometry01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeMathematics - Metric GeometryClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematical PhysicsMathematics53C17 (Primary) 53A17 53A04 (Secondary)Group (mathematics)Plane (geometry)Applied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMetric Geometry (math.MG)Statistical and Nonlinear Physics010101 applied mathematicsDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsMetric (mathematics)Euler's formulasymbolsNonlinearity
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Counting and equidistribution in Heisenberg groups

2014

We strongly develop the relationship between complex hyperbolic geometry and arithmetic counting or equidistribution applications, that arises from the action of arithmetic groups on complex hyperbolic spaces, especially in dimension $2$. We prove a Mertens' formula for the integer points over a quadratic imaginary number fields $K$ in the light cone of Hermitian forms, as well as an equidistribution theorem of the set of rational points over $K$ in Heisenberg groups. We give a counting formula for the cubic points over $K$ in the complex projective plane whose Galois conjugates are orthogonal and isotropic for a given Hermitian form over $K$, and a counting and equidistribution result for …

Mathematics - Differential GeometryPure mathematicsGeneral MathematicsHyperbolic geometryMathematics::Number Theory[MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS]11E39 11F06 11N45 20G20 53C17 53C22 53C55chainEquidistribution theorem01 natural sciencesHeisenberg groupequidistributioncommon perpendicularIntegerLight cone0103 physical sciencesHeisenberg groupcubic point0101 mathematicsCygan distanceMertens formulaComplex projective planeMathematicsDiscrete mathematicsAMS codes: 11E39 11F06 11N45 20G20 53C17 53C22 53C55Mathematics - Number TheorySesquilinear formHeisenberg groups010102 general mathematicsHermitian matrixcomplex hyperbolic geometry[MATH.MATH-NT]Mathematics [math]/Number Theory [math.NT]sub-Riemannian geometry[MATH.MATH-DG]Mathematics [math]/Differential Geometry [math.DG]counting010307 mathematical physics
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Area of intrinsic graphs and coarea formula in Carnot Groups

2020

AbstractWe consider submanifolds of sub-Riemannian Carnot groups with intrinsic $$C^1$$ C 1 regularity ($$C^1_H$$ C H 1 ). Our first main result is an area formula for $$C^1_H$$ C H 1 intrinsic graphs; as an application, we deduce density properties for Hausdorff measures on rectifiable sets. Our second main result is a coarea formula for slicing $$C^1_H$$ C H 1 submanifolds into level sets of a $$C^1_H$$ C H 1 function.

Mathematics - Differential GeometrySubmanifoldsGeneral MathematicsCarnot groups Area formula Coarea formula Hausdorff measures SubmanifoldsryhmäteoriaCoarea formulaMetric Geometry (math.MG)Area formulaHausdorff measuressubmanifoldsdifferentiaaligeometriacoarea formulaMathematics - Metric GeometryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsCarnot groupsClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsMathematics::Metric Geometryarea formulamittateoriaMathematics::Differential Geometry53C17 28A75 22E30
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Rectifiability of the reduced boundary for sets of finite perimeter over RCD(K,N) spaces

2019

This paper is devoted to the study of sets of finite perimeter in RCD(K,N) metric measure spaces. Its aim is to complete the picture of the generalization of De Giorgi’s theorem within this framework. Starting from the results of Ambrosio et al. (2019) we obtain uniqueness of tangents and rectifiability for the reduced boundary of sets of finite perimeter. As an intermediate tool, of independent interest, we develop a Gauss–Green integration-by-parts formula tailored to this setting. These results are new and non-trivial even in the setting of Ricci limits. peerReviewed

Mathematics - Differential Geometryset of finite perimeterreduced boundaryrectifiabilityMetric Geometry (math.MG)RCD spacemetriset avaruudetFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisdifferentiaaligeometriaMathematics - Metric GeometryDifferential Geometry (math.DG)Gauss–Green formulaFOS: MathematicsMathematics::Metric Geometrytangent cone
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