Search results for "Fourier transform"

showing 10 items of 1138 documents

Mechanical performance of experimental acrylic resins modified by nanoparticles after chemical and mechanical degradation.

2020

Background Different materials have been incorporated into the polymethylmethacrylate matrix to improve its performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), the flexural strength (FS), the elasticity modulus (EM), and the effect of exposure to food-simulating liquids prior to brushing simulation on the gloss loss (GL) of experimental acrylic resins modified by nanoparticles. Material and methods Three different types of nanoparticles; silicon oxide (SiO2), cerium oxide (CeO2) and titanium oxide (TiO2) were added to a poly (methylmethacrylate) matrix, in proportions of 0.5wt%, 1wt% and 3wt% each, forming nine experimental groups. The acrylic resin was also te…

Cerium oxideMaterials scienceResearch030206 dentistry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGloss (optics)Titanium oxide03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFlexural strengthvisual_artBiomaterials and Bioengineering in Dentistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumComposite materialFourier transform infrared spectroscopy0210 nano-technologySilicon oxideGeneral DentistryElastic modulusAcrylic resinUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASJournal of clinical and experimental dentistry
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On the use of fractional calculus for the probabilistic characterization of random variables

2009

In this paper, the classical problem of the probabilistic characterization of a random variable is re-examined. A random variable is usually described by the probability density function (PDF) or by its Fourier transform, namely the characteristic function (CF). The CF can be further expressed by a Taylor series involving the moments of the random variable. However, in some circumstances, the moments do not exist and the Taylor expansion of the CF is useless. This happens for example in the case of $\alpha$--stable random variables. Here, the problem of representing the CF or the PDF of random variables (r.vs) is examined by introducing fractional calculus. Two very remarkable results are o…

Characteristic function (probability theory)FOS: Physical sciencesAerospace EngineeringMathematics - Statistics TheoryOcean EngineeringProbability density functionComplex order momentStatistics Theory (math.ST)Fractional calculusymbols.namesakeIngenieurwissenschaftenFOS: MathematicsTaylor seriesApplied mathematicsCharacteristic function serieMathematical PhysicsCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsGeneralized Taylor serieMechanical EngineeringStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsProbability and statisticsMathematical Physics (math-ph)Condensed Matter PhysicsFractional calculusFourier transformNuclear Energy and EngineeringPhysics - Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilitysymbolsFractional calculus; Generalized Taylor series; Complex order moments; Fractional moments; Characteristic function series; Probability density function seriesddc:620Series expansionFractional momentProbability density function seriesSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniRandom variableData Analysis Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
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Fourier transform spectroscopy and direct potential fit of a shelflike state: application to E(4)1Σ(+) KCs.

2011

The paper presents high-resolution experimental study and a direct potential construction of a shelflike state E(4)(1)Σ(+) of the KCs molecule converging to K(4(2)S) + Cs(5(2)D) atomic limit; such data are of interest for selecting optical paths for producing and monitoring cold polar diatomics. The collisionally enhanced laser induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra corresponding to both spin-allowed E(4)(1)Σ(+) → X(1)(1)Σ(+) and spin-forbidden E(4)(1)Σ(+) → a(1)(3)Σ(+) transitions of KCs were recorded in visible region by Fourier transform spectrometer with resolution of 0.03 cm(-1). Overall about 1650 rovibronic term values of the E(4)(1)Σ(+) state of (39)K(133)Cs and (41)K(133)Cs isotopologu…

Chebyshev polynomialsChemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyIsotopologuePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsQuantum numberLaser-induced fluorescencePotential energyDiatomic moleculeSpectral lineFourier transform spectroscopyThe Journal of chemical physics
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3D spectral imaging with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography

2013

We report Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography, a nondestructive three-dimensional imaging approach that reveals the distribution of distinctive chemical compositions throughout an intact biological or materials sample. The method combines mid-infrared absorption contrast with computed tomographic data acquisition and reconstruction to enhance chemical and morphological localization by determining a complete infrared spectrum for every voxel (millions of spectra determined per sample).

Chemical imagingmedicine.medical_specialtyMaterials scienceInfrared spectroscopyBiochemistryFourier transform spectroscopyPhysics::GeophysicsMicesymbols.namesakeImaging Three-DimensionalOpticsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMicroscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineAnimalsHumansFourier transform infrared spectroscopyMolecular BiologyEmbryonic Stem Cellsbusiness.industryX-Ray MicrotomographyCell BiologyWoodSpectral imagingPopulusFourier transformsymbolsbusinessChemical fingerprintingSynchrotronsHairBiotechnologyNature Methods
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Internal ion impact ionization for Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance

1994

A general scheme for ionization and fragmentation of ions in Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICRMS) is introduced. The technique is based upon excitation of high-frequency (i.e. lowmass) primary ions (e.g. N, Al+, H2O+·) which may be generated by standard ionization methods (e.g. electron ionization or laser desorption) inside the trap. Generation of the primary ions is followed by excitation of their cyclotron motion to high translational energy to serve as projectile ions. The projectiles serve two functions: to ionize neutral gas atoms and/or molecules (secondary ions) within the trap internal ion impact ionization (IIII), and to collisionally activate the…

Chemical ionizationChemistryOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryThermal ionizationFourier transform ion cyclotron resonanceIon sourceAnalytical ChemistryAtmospheric-pressure laser ionizationPhysics::Plasma PhysicsIonizationAtomic physicsSpectroscopyElectron ionizationIon cyclotron resonanceRapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
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Making Broad Proteome Protein Measurements in 1−5 min Using High-Speed RPLC Separations and High-Accuracy Mass Measurements

2005

The throughput of proteomics measurements that provide broad protein coverage is limited by the quality and speed of both the separations as well as the subsequent mass spectrometric analysis; at present, analysis times can range anywhere from hours (high throughput) to days or longer (low throughput). We have explored the basis for proteomics analyses conducted on the order of minutes using high-speed capillary RPLC combined through on-line electrospray ionization interface with high-accuracy mass spectrometry (MS) measurements. Short 0.8-microm porous C18 particle-packed 50-microm-i.d. capillaries were used to speed the RPLC separations while still providing high-quality separations. Both…

Chemical ionizationElectrosprayTime FactorsChromatographyProteomeChemistryElutionElectrospray ionizationAnalytical chemistryMass spectrometryMass SpectrometryPeptide FragmentsFourier transform ion cyclotron resonanceFourier transform spectroscopyAnalytical ChemistrySpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredAnimalsHumansTrypsinHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsIon cyclotron resonanceChromatography LiquidAnalytical Chemistry
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Fourier transform nmr investigations of organotin compounds

1980

Abstract NMR spectra have been obtained for fiteen title compounds, mainly with R = Me. Tin chemical shifts were found to lie within the expected ranges, but to vary little with R or, apparently, with change in ring size. While the magnitute of 1 (SnSe) was as predicted, the of 1 (SnTe) was more than twice as large as that previously observed for (Me 3 Sn) 2 Te. In compounds Me 6 Sn( 3 X 3 , 2 J(SnMSn) varied systematically with variations in x, but within relatively narrow limits (195-250 Hz); a much more drastic variation was observed for Me 6 Sn 3 X 2 , possibly due to bond angle changes at Sn and X.

Chemical shiftOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryRing sizeNMR spectra databasesymbols.namesakeMolecular geometryFourier transformchemistryMaterials ChemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTinJournal of Organometallic Chemistry
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ChemInform Abstract: Coupled Semiconductor Systems for Photocatalysis. Preparation and Characterization of Polycrystalline Mixed WO3/WS2 Powders.

2010

Mixed WO3/WS2 powders were prepared by oxidation of WS2. The physical properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy; they were strongly dependent upon the time and temperature of oxidation. The chemical state and the elemental distribution of the sample surface were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic results have showed that the aqueous suspensions of the mixed WO3/WS2 systems have significantly higher activities than pure WS2 and WO3 for the photodegradation of phenol. The enhanced performance can be related to the presence of heterojunctions WO3/WS2 on the single parti…

Chemical stateDiffuse reflectance infrared fourier transformChemical engineeringX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyChemistryScanning electron microscopePhotocatalysisGeneral MedicineCrystallitePhotodegradationMole fractionChemInform
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Characterization of adsorbed water in MIL-53(Al) by FTIR spectroscopy and ab-initio calculations

2015

Here, we report ab-initio calculations developed with a twofold purpose: understand how adsorbed water molecules alter the infrared spectrum of the metal-organic framework MIL-53(Al) and to investigate which are the associated physico-chemical processes. The analyzed structures are the two anhydrous narrow (np⊘) and large (lp⊘) pore forms and the hydrated narrow pore form (np-H2O) of the MIL-53(Al). For these structures, we determined their corresponding infrared spectra (FTIR) and we identified the vibrational modes associated to the dominant spectral lines. We show that wagging and scissoring modes of CO2 give flexibility to the structure for facilitating the lp⊘- np⊘ transition. In our s…

ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsInfraredMolecular vibrationScissoringAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyInfrared spectroscopyMoleculePhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopySpectral lineThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Fourier-transform spectroscopy of (4)1Σ+→A 1Σ+−b 3Π,A 1Σ+−b 3Π →X1Σ+, and (1)3Δ1→bΠ0±3 transitions in KCs and deperturbation treatment ofA 1Σ+andb 3Π…

2013

High resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy data of term values in the spin-orbit (SO) coupled first excited A 1Σ+ and b 3Π states in KCs were obtained from (4)1Σ+ → A 1Σ+ − b 3Π, A 1Σ+ − b 3Π → X1Σ+, and (1)3Δ1→bΠ0±3 spectra of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). About 3000 new rovibronic term values of the A 1Σ+ and b3ΠΩ states were obtained with an uncertainty about 0.01 cm−1 and added to the previously obtained 3439 term values in Kruzins et al. [Phys. Rev. A 81, 042509 (2010)] and 30 term values of the b3Π0+ state levels below the A 1Σ+ state in Tamanis et al. [Phys. Rev. A 82, 032506 (2010)]. The data field was extended considerably, going down to vibrational level vb = 0 and up in e…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyInfrared spectroscopyFourier transform spectroscopySpectral linesymbols.namesakeFourier transformIsotopes of potassiumExcited statesymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsSpectroscopyMorse potentialThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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