Search results for "Fractures"
showing 10 items of 379 documents
Improve hip fracture outcome in the elderly patient (iHOPE) : A study protocol for a pragmatic, multicentre randomised controlled trial to test the e…
2018
IntroductionHip fracture surgery is associated with high in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates and serious adverse patient outcomes. Evidence from randomised controlled trials regarding effectiveness of spinal versus general anaesthesia on patient-centred outcomes after hip fracture surgery is sparse.Methods and analysisThe iHOPE study is a pragmatic national, multicentre, randomised controlled, open-label clinical trial with a two-arm parallel group design. In total, 1032 patients with hip fracture (>65 years) will be randomised in an intended 1:1 allocation ratio to receive spinal anaesthesia (n=516) or general anaesthesia (n=516). Outcome assessment will occur in a blinded manner aft…
The Treatment of Anterior Dental Trauma
2011
Anterior dental trauma is a common injury pattern of the dentoalveolar system in which appropriate first aid is important. When children and adolescents suffer an anterior dental trauma, the challenge is to preserve the tooth in this esthetically important area and minimize subsequent damage. Lack of treatment or improper treatment can lead to a lifelong need for dental care. There are many causes of anterior dental trauma. At the age of one and two years, it is mainly caused by falls when learning to walk. At preschool age, between two and six years, many such injuries are caused by falls resulting from lack of attention when engaging in physical play. The highest incidence of anterior den…
Physical function and lean body mass as predictors of bone loss after hip fracture: a prospective follow-up study
2020
Abstract Background: Predictors of bone deterioration after hip fracture have not been well characterized. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of physical function and lean body mass (LBM) with loss of bone density and strength in older people recovering from a hip fracture. Methods: A total of 81 over 60-year-old, community-dwelling men and women operated for a hip fracture participated in this 1-year prospective follow-up study. Distal tibia total volumetric bone mineral density (vBMDTOT, mg/cm³) and compressive strength index (BSI, g²/cm⁴) and mid-tibia cortical vBMD (vBMDCO, mg/cm³) and bending strength index (SSI, mm³) were assessed in both legs by peripheral quantita…
Balance confidence and functional balance are associated with physical disability after hip fracture.
2012
Abstract Background This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between balance confidence, functional balance, and physical disability among older people after hip fracture. Material and methods The study utilizes baseline data of two randomized controlled trials (ISRCTN34271567 and ISRCTN53680197). The participants were 159 community-dwelling over 60-year-old people. Health, fracture status, the date and type of surgery, and contraindications for participation were assessed in a clinical examination. Balance confidence was assessed by the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and functional balance by the Berg Balance Scale. Physical disability was assessed by a …
Effects of progressive resistance training on physical disability among older community-dwelling people with history of hip fracture
2012
Background and aims: Hip fracture is a common trauma in older people, and often leads to decreased muscle strength and increased physical disability. This randomized controlled trial examined whether three months of progressive resistance training (PRT) can reduce physical disability among older people with a history of hip fracture. Methods: A population-based sample of 60-85-year-old community-dwelling persons, with hip fractures sustained on average three years earlier, were enrolled in the study. Of 78 people participating in laboratory assessments, those without contraindications for participation in resistance training were randomly assigned to a training group (TG, n=22) or a control…
Effect of cognitive impairment on basic activities of daily living in hip fracture patients: a 1-year follow-up.
2007
Background and aims: To compare changes in basic self-care activities in various cognitive groups of hip fracture patients by the Katz Index of Independence in activities of daily living (ADL). Methods: 117 community-dwelling elderly subjects with acute hip fracture (age 67–92 years), referred to the geriatric unit of Jyvaskyla Central Hospital for rehabilitation, participated in the study. Basic self-care activities were evaluated by the Katz ADL Index and cognition by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: Prior to hip fracture, the patients in the lowest MMSE group had a significantly lower Katz Index than the other three groups (p<0.001). Disability increased in a statistica…
Quantitative analysis of modified functional muscle–bone unit and back muscle density in patients with lumbar vertebral fracture in Chinese elderly m…
2018
Objectives: Bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with muscle mass and quality, but little research has been done on functional muscle–bone unit and back muscle density in patients with lumbar vertebral fracture. This study used the “modified functional muscle–bone unit” concept and measured back muscle density to investigate muscle–bone interaction difference between the fracture and control group. Methods: This was a case–control study. A total of 52 elderly male patients (mean age 75 years) with lumbar vertebral fracture (cases) and 52 control healthy subjects were enrolled. Cross-sectional area (CSA) and density of paravertebral muscle were measured in quantitative computed tomograph…
Incidence rates of fragility hip fracture in middle-aged and elderly men and women in southern Norway.
2011
Background Hip fracture contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. As the average age of the population is increasing, the burden of hip fracture on the health-care system is a growing challenge. The highest incidence of hip fracture worldwide has been reported from Scandinavia in fact from Oslo the capital of Norway. During the last decades, efforts have been undertaken to reduce hip fracture risk. Objective To study the incidence of fragility hip fracture in southern Norway. Design A validated retrospective epidemiological study. Setting Population-based study. Subjects All patients with fragility hip fractures aged 50 years or older in 2004 and 2005 in so…
Retrospective evaluation of persistence in osteoporosis therapy with oral bisphosphonates in Italy: the TOBI study
2019
The patients’ persistence with osteoporosis treatments is low. This retrospective, multicenter survey showed that almost 30% of osteoporotic patients discontinued the treatment within the first 6 months and that those taking drinkable bisphosphonates were less likely to interrupt the therapy; instead, the use of generic bisphosphonates was associated to a more precocious interruption. Purpose: Low persistence with osteoporosis medications is associated with higher fracture risk. This study aimed to assess the persistence to treatment with oral bisphosphonates among Italian osteoporotic patients under treatment for at least 6 months and to evaluate whether the different oral formulations of …
Risk factors for pelvic insufficiency fractures and outcome after conservative therapy
2016
Abstract Purpose The prevalence of osteoporosis has continuously increased over the past decades and it is set to increase substantially as life expectancy rises steadily. Fragility or osteoporotic fractures of the pelvis often occur after low energy falls e.g. from standing, however, some patients present with assumed insufficiency fractures of the pelvis without a previous trauma. Osteoporotic fractures impose a tremendous economic burden and these fractures deserve attention as they lead to a decrease in mobility with an increase in dependency and are associated with a high rate of mortality. To date, little is known about potential risk factors for pelvic insufficiency fractures. Furthe…