Search results for "France"
showing 10 items of 2879 documents
The renaissance of tramways and urban redevelopment in France
2017
Abstract Tramways have made a remarkable comeback in France since the 1980s. An organization of public transport based on the decentralized administration system set up in the early 1980s has allowed local urban authorities to make their own choices to develop public transport networks in the context of automobile domination. As in many other countries, worries about fossil fuel dependency and demands concerning sustainable urban development appear as strong elements in favour of urban light rail. However, in France, tramways are not just technical solutions for traffic congestion, they have also become a symbol of a cultural mutation in urban development planning. Coupled with a national p…
Francesco D'Alberti di Villanuova's renewal of bilingual lexicography
2010
This study investigates the reasons for Alberti's uncommon celebrity for over a century, from the first publication of his dictionary (1771-1772) until 1881, when he was still held up as a model by other lexicographers. While compiling his bilingual dictionary, Alberti referred to the monolingual dictionaries of the Académie franaise (4th edition, 1762) and the Accademici della Crusca (4th edition, 1729-1738), but he also drew from the works of other lexicographers, especially Diderot and d'Alembert, whom he only marginally quotes for political reasons. From a practical lexicographical point of view, Alberti's innovations were the methodical construction of the microstructure following a ve…
Looking for an Order of Things: Textbooks and Chemical Classifications in Nineteenth Century France
2002
The purpose of this paper is to reconsider the issue of the creativity of textbook writing by exploring the links between nineteenth-century French textbooks and the quest for a classification of elements. The first section presents the elegant combination of didactic and chemical constraints invented by eighteenth-century chemists: the order of learning - from the known to the unknown - and the order of things - from the simple to the complex - were one and the same. In section two we argue that the alleged coincidence did not help the authors of elementary textbooks required for the new schools set up by the French revolution. Hence the variety of classifications adopted in the early nine…
Leadership and spirituality in business and public administration: a cross-cultural empirical study comparing the USA and France
2013
National audience; In this discussion we build on previous work on the role of ethics in shaping the behaviour of leaders in business and public administration to investigate the relationship between leadership spirituality, the environment springing from such leadership, and the resulting followers’ attributions of leader effectiveness in the USA and France. Survey data collected from the USA and France were used to test a composite construct of spiritual leadership including (a) accountability, (b) rationality, and (c) honesty. The results of hypothesis tested suggest followers’ attributions of leaders’ positive outcomes increase in proportion with increases in leader’s spirituality. Thes…
Two Unknown Cases of Printed Incidental Music in the Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Italian Theatre
2015
Francesco Contarini published his pastoral "La finta Fiammetta", staged in Padua with a set of intermedi in carnival 1610, under the patronage of Cardinal Scipione Borghese. A second edition (1611) – likewise dedicated to the cardinal – is accompanied by a separate libretto containing intermedi dedicated to Giovanni Mocenigo, Venetian ambassador at the Holy See in Rome. Against the background of the “War of the Interdiction” between Rome and Venice (1606–1607) the political role of these books is evident. The second of the four "Intermedi rappresentati nella f inta Fiammetta" (1611) , entitled "La lotta di Hercole con la Morte", was set to music in 1624 by Innocentio Vivarino ("Madrigali co…
School-to-work transition in France: the role of education in escaping long-term NEET trajectories
2020
International audience; The aim of this paper is to analyse the school-to-work transition of young people in France, focusing specifically on those who are not in employment, education or training (so-called NEETs), in order to understand their risk of becoming and remaining NEET. Using longitudinal data from a representative national cohort of French young people leaving the educational system in 2010, this study shows how NEET status fits in more or less long-lasting ways in their career pathways. We indicate that 70% of young people experienced a NEET status at least once over the three-year period, if we retain a static and conventional definition of NEET. For most of them, NEET is a te…
Treatment guidelines of metastatic colorectal cancer in older patients from the French Society of Geriatric Oncology (SoFOG)
2020
International audience; Background: Several guidelines dedicated to metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are available. Since 2013 no recent guidelines are specifically dedicated to older patients and based on a systematic review. Materials and methods: A multidisciplinary Task Force with digestive oncologists, geriatricians and methodologists from the SoFOG was formed in 2016 to update recommendations on medical treatment of mCRC based on a systematic review of publications from 2000 to 2018. Search strategy has followed a standardized protocol from the formulation of clinical questions and definition of a search algorithm to the selection of complete articles for recommendations. Results: …
Breast cancer screening programmes: Challenging the coexistence with opportunistic mammography.
2014
Abstract Objective This study investigated predictive factors of women's participation in organized mammography screening (OrgMS) and/or opportunistic mammography screening (OppMS) when the two screening modes coexist. Methods Questionnaires were sent to 6,000 women aged 51–74 years old invited to attend an OrgMS session between 2010 and 2011 in France. Data collected concerned the women's healthcare behaviour and their socioeconomic characteristics. Women without a personal or family history of breast cancer that could explain their participation in OppMS were retained in the generalized logits analysis. Results The data of 1,202 women were analysed. Of these, 555 (46.2%) had attended OrgM…
ANCA-associated vasculitides: Recommendations of the French Vasculitis Study Group on the use of immunosuppressants and biotherapies for remission in…
2019
Treatment of vasculitides associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) (AAVs) has evolved dramatically in recent years, particularly since the demonstration of rituximab efficacy as remission induction and maintenance therapy for granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. In 2013, the French Vasculitis Study Group (FVSG) published recommendations for its use by clinicians. Since then, new data have made it possible to better specify and codify prescription of rituximab to treat AAVs. Herein, the FVSG Recommendations Committee, an expert panel comprised of physicians with extensive experience in the treatment and management of vasculitides, presents its con…
Cost-effectiveness of screening for colorectal cancer in France using a guaiac test versus an immunochemical test
2010
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the cost and the effectiveness of two biennial fecal occult blood screening tests for colorectal cancer: a guaiac nonrehydrated test (G-FOBT) and an immunochemical test (I-FOBT) with the absence of screening.Methods: A Markov model was developed to compare these strategies in a general population of subjects aged 50 to 74 over a 20-year period.Results: Compared with the absence of screening, G-FOBT and I-FOBT were associated with a decrease in colorectal cancer mortality of 17.4 percent and 25.2 percent, respectively. With regard to cost-effectiveness, expressed as cost per life-year gained, I-FOBT was the most effective and most costly alter…