Search results for "Fuel Cell"
showing 10 items of 260 documents
Synchrotron Radiation and Chemistry: Studies of Materials for Renewable Energy Sources
2014
We present an overview of selected applications of synchrotron radiation methods to topical chemical research. The analysis is limited to the studies on materials for renewable energy sources, focussing on topics peculiar to chemical research, such as reactivity and synthesis routes; in particular, the paper takes into account subjects having some relevance for the production and storage of energy based on hydrogen. Hydrogen production and storage are taken into account in the sections concerning: (i) Dye-sensitized solar cells, (ii) Metal-organic frameworks and (iii) Hydrides for hydrogen storage; production of energy by fuel cell devices is treated in (iv) Oxide ion and proton conductors …
Metallic interconnects for solid oxide fuel cell: Performance of reactive element oxide coating during long time exposure
2011
One of challenges in improving the performance and cost-effectiveness of SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells) is the development of suitable interconnects materials. Chromia-forming alloys and especially ferritic stainless steels, like Crofer22APU, are considered to be among the most promising candidate materials as interconnects in SOFC stacks. However, the performance of chromia-forming materials can be limited by the low electronic conductivity of the oxide scale (high ASR – area specific resistance – value). Such degradation are unacceptable regarding the long-term operation (>40 000 h). A previous study 1 demonstrated that in air, the addition of a nanometric reactive element oxide (La2O3) l…
New prototypes for the isolation of the anodic chambers in microbial fuel cells
2016
This work has been focused on the assessment of new prototypes of MFC in which a more strict separation of the anode and cathode compartments is looked for, in order to attain strict anaerobic conditions in the anode chamber and hence, avoid lack of efficiency due to the prevalence of non-electrogenic competing microorganisms and to optimize composition of the anolyte and catholyte. A cylinder reactor with an inner chamber with graphite bars acting as anodes and the outer one with a stainless steel tube acting as cathode was used in three different configurations and results obtained during lifetests are compared in terms of electricity production, cathode oxygen consumption and anode COD d…
Comparison of Cu-B Alloy and Stainless Steel as Electrode Material for Microbial Fuel Cell
2019
The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a technical devices that electricity produces during wastewater treatment. One of the problems of MFCs is a low current density. Thus, it is necessary to search for new electrodes for MFC. The comparison of Cu-B alloy and stainless steel as catalyst for MFCs cathode is presented in this paper. The research included measurements of the concentration of COD, NH4+ and NO3− in three types of reactors: without aeration, with aeration and with using a MFC (with Cu-B and stainless steel cathode). It has been shown that effectiveness of MFC with Cu-B electrode is higher than effectiveness of MFC with stainless steel electrode.
Centrifugal Water Pump Driven With a DC Motor Powered by an Emulator of MK5-E Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stacks
2004
Direct Current (DC) motors can be directly powered by Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Stacks, to obtain plants with little maintenance and good reliability. To obtain a suitable efficiency working plant, it’s necessary to correctly match the load in order to operate in proximity to the best power line of the FC stacks generator. Otherwise by a proper field current regulation of a separately excited DC motor directly powered by a FC stacks generator, it is possible to extract from the generator itself the correct power for every temperature level. The present interest for this problem has advised the Authors to perform an experimental investigation, whose results are reported in t…
Oxide-based nanomaterials for fuel cell catalysis:the interplay between supported single Pt atoms and particles
2017
The concept of single atom catalysis offers maximum noble metal efficiency for the development of low-cost catalytic materials. Among possible applications are catalytic materials for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In the present review, recent efforts towards the fabrication of single atom catalysts on nanostructured ceria and their reactivity are discussed in the prospect of their employment as anode catalysts. The remarkable performance and the durability of the ceria-based anode catalysts with ultra-low Pt loading result from the interplay between two states associated with supported atomically dispersed Pt and sub-nanometer Pt particles. The occurrence of these two states is a co…
Recent Progress in the Development of Composite Membranes Based on Polybenzimidazole for High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell Ap…
2020
[EN] The rapid increasing of the population in combination with the emergence of new energy-consuming technologies has risen worldwide total energy consumption towards unprecedent values. Furthermore, fossil fuel reserves are running out very quickly and the polluting greenhouse gases emitted during their utilization need to be reduced. In this scenario, a few alternative energy sources have been proposed and, among these, proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising. Recently, polybenzimidazole-based polymers, featuring high chemical and thermal stability, in combination with fillers that can regulate the proton mobility, have attracted tremendous attention for their roles as PE…
Proton conductivity through polybenzimidazole composite membranes containing silica nanofiber mats
2019
The quest for sustainable and more efficient energy-converting devices has been the focus of researchers&prime
Diamond Films as Support for Electrochemical Systems for Energy Conversion and Storage
2019
Many efforts have been dedicated to develop and study different catalysts supported materials for energy storage and conversion. Polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) and capacitors have been topics of special interest for the scientific community, then, the research to find excellent catalyst-supports has constantly increased. The use of conductive diamond films has been proposed due to their mechanical and chemical stability properties. In this context, the application of BDD-catalyst surfaces for PEM fuel cells as well as the production of electrochemical capacitors using BDD materials have been summarized and discussed in this chapter.
Surface termination effects on the oxygen reduction reaction rate at fuel cell cathodes
2018
This research was partly funded by the Latvian project IMIS2 with the computer resources provided by the High Performance Computing Centre Stuttgart (HLRS) (Project DEFTD 12939). The authors thank D. Gryaznov for fruitful discussions and M. Sokolov for technical assistance. MMK is grateful to the Office of the Director of National Science Foundation for support under the Independent Research and Development program. The ndings, conclusions, and recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reect the views of NSF and other funding agencies.