Search results for "Function"

showing 10 items of 14432 documents

Activation of the alternative pathway of complement: efficient fluid-phase amplification by blockade of the regulatory complement protein β1H through…

1981

Current concepts of activation of the alternative pathway of complement (APC) focus on the central role of an amplification mechanism triggered by C3b which is covalently bound to the surfact of activating substances. Using sulfated polyanions as model substances, an efficient fluid-phase activation of complement is demonstrated in contrast to solid-phase activation. It is shown that particulate high-molecular weight sulfated polyanions are capable of reversible binding the guinea pig and human regulatory protein beta1H. This fixation leads to an extensive activation of C3 and factor B because the regulatory function of beta1H is blocked in the fluid-phase C3b-dependent amplification system…

AnionsChemical PhenomenaComplement Pathway AlternativeGuinea PigsImmunologyBiologyComplement factor BAbsorptionGuinea pigSulfationComplement C3b Inactivator ProteinsAnimalsHumansImmunology and AllergyComplement ActivationRegulation of gene expressionChemistry PhysicalSulfatesGoatsImmune SeraComplement C3Complement systemCell biologyKineticsBiochemistryCovalent bondComplement Factor HComplement C3bAlternative complement pathwayFunction (biology)European Journal of Immunology
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Island Homoaromaticity in the W-Shaped 2,4-Diphospha-3-arsapentadienide Anion and Related Compounds - Theoretical and Experimental Investigations

2012

A series of anions with general formula (R2C=P)2Pn– (Pn = N, P, As, Sb; R = H, Me, CF3, SiH3, SiMe3, SiF3) was investigated theoretically at the DFT (RI-BP86/TZVP) and RI-MP2/TZVP levels of approximation. Significantly sharpened central PPnP bond angles were predicted for the species with π-acceptor R substituents. The corresponding bond angle values decrease in the order Pn = N >> P > As > Sb. This finding is in agreement with the previously published structural data for [(Me3Si)2C=P]2P–. An island homoaromaticity was proposed as a suitable explanation for the observed effect. In more detail, it consists of shifting negative charge to the electron-withdrawing terminal groups with formation…

AnionsHomoaromaticity010405 organic chemistryChemistryCharge (physics)010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesHomoaromaticity0104 chemical sciencesIonInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyDensity functional calculationsMolecular geometryComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsMolecular orbitalsMoleculeMoietyMolecular orbitalAb initio calculations
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Attachment of chloride anion to sugars: mechanistic investigation and discovery of a new dopant for efficient sugar ionization/detection in mass spec…

2012

International audience; A new method for efficient ionization of sugars in the negative-ion mode of electrospray mass spectrometry is presented. Instead of using strongly hydrophobic dopants such as dichloromethane or chloroform, efficient ionization of sugars has been achieved by using aqueous HCl solution for the first time. This methodology makes it possible to use hydrophilic dopants, which are more appropriate for chromatographic separation techniques with efficient sugar ionization and detection in mass spectrometry. The interaction between chloride anions and monosaccharides (glucose and galactose) was studied by DFT in the gas phase and by implementing the polarizable continuum mode…

AnionsSpectrometry Mass Electrospray Ionization[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistryCarbohydrates010402 general chemistryMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesChloridePolarizable continuum modelCatalysisMass SpectrometryAnthocyaninschemistry.chemical_compoundChloridesIonizationwine analysismedicineMonosaccharideAnion bindingchemistry.chemical_classificationChloroformAqueous solutionMolecular Structure010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryMonosaccharidesGeneral Chemistry0104 chemical sciencesanalytical methodschemistrydensity functional calculations[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionmedicine.drugChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Neuroglobin and cytoglobin: fresh blood to the vertebrate globin family

2002

Neuroglobin and cytoglobin are two recently discovered members of the vertebrate globin family. Both are intracellular proteins endowed with hexacoordinated heme-Fe atoms, in their ferrous and ferric forms, and display O2 affinities comparable with that of myoglobin. Neuroglobin, which is predominantly expressed in nerve cells, is thought to protect neurons from hypoxic–ischemic injury. It is of ancient evolutionary origin, and is homologous to nerve globins of invertebrates. Cytoglobin is expressed in many different tissues, although at varying levels. It shares common ancestry with myoglobin, and can be traced to early vertebrate evolution. The physiological roles of neuroglobin and cytog…

AnnelidaMolecular Sequence DataNeuroglobinNerve Tissue ProteinsHemeReview ArticleBiochemistryMicechemistry.chemical_compoundbiology.animalGeneticsAnimalsHumansAmino Acid SequenceGlobinMolecular BiologyHemeZebrafishConserved SequenceZebrafishBrain ChemistrybiologyCytoglobinCytoglobinBrainVertebratebiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyGlobinsCell biologyOxygenMyoglobinchemistryNeuroglobinSequence AlignmentFunction (biology)EMBO reports
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Data from: Functional responses of multi-taxa communities to disturbance and stress gradients in a restored floodplain

2015

1. Trait-based approaches can reveal the mechanisms through which disturbances or stress impact communities, allowing comparisons of the role of different mechanisms in shaping communities among taxonomic groups. Such information can lead to higher comparability, transferability and predictability of the outcome of restoration projects. However, multitaxa trait-based approaches were rarely used in the context of ecosystem restoration. 2. We investigated the responses to environmental gradients of seven taxa (vascular plants, staphylinid and carabid beetles, spiders, isopods, diplopods and earthworms) in a restored floodplain using a species traits approach. We assessed the impact of flood d…

Annelidacommunity weighted mean of traitsLife SciencesearthwormsStaphylinidaeriparian ecosystemsmedicine and health carespecies traitsDiplopodaAraneaecosystem functionsMedicineCarabidaePlantaeArthropodsIsopoda
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Asymmetric Synthesis of Spiro-oxindole-ε-lactones through N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalysis

2018

An unprecedented N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed annulation of isatin-derived enals and o-hydroxyphenyl-substituted p-quinone methides as bifunctional reagents has been discovered. The new protocol involves a 1,6-addition of the homoenolate equivalent intermediates to the hydroxy donor-1,6-Michael acceptors and leads to spirocyclic oxindole-ε-lactones in high yields and very good stereoselectivities.

AnnulationsynthesisStereochemistryasymmetric synthesis010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundN-heterocyclic carbene catalysisOxindolesynteesiPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBifunctionalta116010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesislaktonitPara-quinonekarbeenitneurodegeneratiiviset sairaudet0104 chemical sciencescarbenechemistrykatalyysiReagentsyöpätauditspiro-oxindole-ε-lactonesCarbeneOrganic Letters
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Changes in Body Composition in Anorexia Nervosa : Predictors of Recovery and Treatment Outcome

2015

The restoration of body composition (BC) parameters is considered to be one of the most important goals in the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, little is known about differences between AN diagnostic subtypes [restricting (AN-R) and binge/purging (AN-BP)] and weekly changes in BC during refeeding treatment. Therefore, the main objectives of our study were twofold: 1) to assess the changes in BC throughout nutritional treatment in an AN sample and 2) to analyze predictors of BC changes during treatment, as well as predictors of treatment outcome. The whole sample comprised 261 participants [118 adult females with AN (70 AN-R vs. 48 AN-BP), and 143 healthy controls].…

Anorexia Nervosa:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Eating Disorders::Binge-Eating Disorder [Medical Subject Headings]Body water:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:MedicineÍndice de masa corporalAnorexia nervosaMetabolismo basal:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]FatsImpedancia eléctricaadolescentslcsh:Science:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Eating Disorders::Anorexia Nervosa [Medical Subject Headings]eating-disordersBody mass indexMetasMultidisciplinaryBulimia nervosaFemeninoAnorèxia nerviosaTrastorno por atracónModelos logísticos:Anatomy::Tissues::Connective Tissue::Adipose Tissue [Medical Subject Headings]HumanosTreatment OutcomeBasal metabolic rate measurementfat distributionbioelectrical-impedanceBody CompositionEating disordersObesitatFemalewomenmedicine.symptomBioelectrical impedance analysisResearch ArticleAdultTejido adiposomedicine.medical_specialtyPatient Dropoutsweight-gainwaterPes corporal:Anatomy::Fluids and Secretions::Body Fluids::Body Water [Medical Subject Headings]Anorexia nerviosa:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Motivation::Goals [Medical Subject Headings]Internal medicine:Health Care::Health Care Quality Access and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms::Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care)::Outcome Assessment (Health Care)::Treatment Outcome [Medical Subject Headings]medicineTreatment guidelinesHumansObesityComposición corporal:Health Care::Health Care Quality Access and Evaluation::Quality of Health Care::Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]Trastorns de la conducta alimentàriabusiness.industrylcsh:Renergy-expenditureduration:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Techniques Endocrine::Thyroid Function Tests::Basal Metabolism [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Chemical Phenomena::Biochemical Phenomena::Body Composition [Medical Subject Headings]Anorexia nervosaBody weightmedicine.diseaseObesityAgua corporalEndocrinology:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Bulimia nervosaCase-Control StudiesBasal metabolic ratelcsh:QResultado del tratamiento:Phenomena and Processes::Physical Phenomena::Magnetic Phenomena::Electromagnetic Phenomena::Electricity::Electric Conductivity::Electric Impedance [Medical Subject Headings]businessBody mass indexWeight gain
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In Vitro Bioavailability of Phenolic Compounds from Five Cultivars of Frozen Sweet Cherries (Prunus aviumL.)

2008

The bioavailability of phenolic compounds from five cultivars of frozen sweet cherries was assessed by a digestion process involving pepsin-HCl digestion (to simulate gastric digestion) and pancreatin digestion with bile salts (to simulate small intestine conditions) and dialyzed to assess serum- and colon-available fractions. After pepsin digestion, the % recovery of total phenolics, relative to the original starting material, increased, whereas the % anthocyanins did not change. Following pancreatic digestion and dialysis, the total phenolics in the IN (serum-available) fraction was about 26–30% and the OUT (colon-available) fraction was about 77–101%. The anthocyanin content in the IN fr…

AnthocyaninBiological AvailabilityFraction (chemistry)In Vitro TechniquescianydinAnthocyaninsfunctional food digestionchemistry.chemical_compoundPrunuscherryPhenolsSpecies SpecificitySettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaFreezingflavonoids total phenolicmedicineCultivarFood scienceChromatography High Pressure Liquidfood and beveragesGeneral ChemistryPepsin AIn vitroSmall intestineBioavailabilitySettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni Arboreemedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryFruitAnthocyaninDigestionHydrochloric AcidPrunusbioavailabilitymaturityGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesDigestionripening.Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Modelagem da cinética de secagem de discos de maçã e abobrinha impregnadas a vácuo com antocianinas

2019

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to study the drying kinetics of apple and zucchini slices enriched with anthocyanins and to evaluate the influence of drying temperature on the anthocyanin content of apple and zucchini snacks. Apple (Granny Smith) and zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) slices were enriched with anthocyanins by vacuum impregnation with blueberry juice. Then, slices were dehydrated at 40, 50 and 60 ºC with 1.0 m/s air flow. Dehydrated samples were referred to as anthocyanin enriched snacks. Diffusion coefficient values improved by increasing the drying temperature, within the 2.81×10-10 to 5.78×10-10 m2/s range for apple slices and 2.02×10-10 to 3.99×10-10 m2/s for zucchini slic…

AnthocyaninFunctional snackDrying kineticcinética de secagemfunctional snackslcsh:AgricultureCucurbita pepochemistry.chemical_compoundAir dryingmodelagem matemáticalcsh:Agriculture (General)drying kineticsGeneral VeterinarybiologyChemistry0402 animal and dairy sciencemathematical modelinglcsh:S04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesbiology.organism_classification040201 dairy & animal scienceanthocyaninslcsh:S1-972Horticulturesnacks funcionaisAnthocyanin040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesMathematical modelingAnimal Science and ZoologyantocianinasTecnologia dels alimentsAgronomy and Crop ScienceCiência Rural
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Density functional theory studies of OH-modified open-ended single-wall zigzag carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)

2010

Abstract Functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are often formed as result of oxidation and cleaning of raw product grown on metal catalyst. Structure and energy of ideal and OH-modified single-wall nanotubes (SWCNTs) of different length (2.8, 7.0 and 13.5 A) were obtained at the DFT-B3LYP level. From one to nine OH groups were added at the end of the nanotube and a nonadditive dependence of attachment energy on the number of substituents was observed. The energetics of SWCNT end substitution with OH groups was supported by high level MP2 and CCSD(T) determination of reaction energy: R – H + 1 / 2 O 2 → R – OH + Δ E for methane, benzene and anthracene. In addition, a vibrational analysis of…

AnthraceneNanotubeReaction energyCarbon nanotubeCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryMethanelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundZigzagchemistryComputational chemistrylawPhysical chemistryDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBenzeneJournal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
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