Search results for "Functional electrical stimulation"

2016

In humans, the amount of spinal homonymous recurrent inhibition during voluntary contraction is usually assessed by using a peripheral nerve stimulation paradigm. This method consists of conditioning the maximal M-wave (SM stimulus) with prior reflex stimulation (S1), with 10 ms inter-stimulus interval (ISI). The decrease observed between unconditioned (S1 only) and conditioned (S1+SM) reflex size is then attributed to recurrent inhibition. However, during a voluntary contraction, a superimposed SM stimulation leads to a maximal M-wave followed by a voluntary (V) wave at similar latency than the H-reflex. This wave can therefore interfere with the conditioned H-reflex when two different sti…

One year of training with FES has impressive beneficial effects in a 36-year-old woman with spinal cord injury

2015

International audience; CONTEXT:Reductions of muscular and cardiorespiratory functions are often observed in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and several studies demonstrated the benefits of aerobic and strengthening exercise training for this population. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of paralyzed muscles has been proposed as a strategy to assist patients in executing functional movement but its utilization during long durations has never been investigated. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of a one-year training program with FES (strengthening and rowing) in one subject with SCI. Evoked torque, quadriceps muscle thickness, aerobic exercise capacity an…

Hybrid Functional Electrical Stimulation Exercise Training Alters the Relationship Between Spinal Cord Injury Level and Aerobic Capacity

2014

Objective To test the hypothesis that hybrid functional electrical stimulation (FES) row training would improve aerobic capacity but that it would remain strongly linked to level of spinal cord lesion because of limited maximal ventilation. Design Longitudinal before–after trial of 6 months of FES row training. Setting Exercise for persons with disabilities program in a hospitaL. Participants Volunteers (N=14; age range, 21–63y) with complete spinal cord injury (SCI) (T3-11) who are >2 years postinjury. Intervention Six months of FES row training preceded by a variable period of FES strength training. Main Outcome Measures Peak aerobic capacity and peak exercise ventilation before and after…

Role of Activity in Defining Metabolic and Contractile Adaptations After SCI

2016

Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to moderate to severe muscle paralysis, loss of lower-limb functionality and often results in a reduced physical activity. As a consequence, people with SCI demonstrate numerous metabolic and contractile transformations such as leg muscles atrophy, a transformation from slow, fatigue-resistant fibers to fast, fatigable fibers, a decreased vascularization. Appropriate exercise and most especially exercise using functional electrical stimulation (FES) is now well-known to have beneficial effects on muscle characteristics, force output, exercise capacity, but also bone mineral density and cardiovascular parameters. For example, increases in muscle mass and str…

Controlling muscular force by functional electrical stimulation using intelligent PID

2015

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) appears as a way of extremely promising research today to solve numerous pathology connected to the deficiencies of the nervous system. It is usually used for the rehabilitation of people with neurological disorders. Generally, skeletal muscles are activated by using Constant Frequency Trains (CFTs) with a fixed amplitude and inter-pulse duration. In addition, the systems of electrical stimulation do not adapt the parameters stimulation to obtain a desired force response during the rehabilitation session. The purpose of this study is to adapt automatically the stimulation parameters to the force desired by the clinician with an intelligent PID control…

Design of a Programmable and Modular Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulator Integrated Into a Wireless Body Sensor Network

2021

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation finds application in several fields, from basic neurophysiology, to motor rehabilitation and cardiovascular conditioning. Despite the progressively increasing interest in this technique, its State-of-the-Art technology is mainly based on monolithic, mostly wired devices, leading to two main issues. First, these devices are often bulky, limiting their usability in applied contexts. Second, the possibility of interfacing these stimulation devices with external systems for the acquisition of electrophysiological and biomechanical variables to control the stimulation output is often limited. The aim of this work is to describe the design and development of a…

Functional electrical therapy for hemiparesis alleviates disability and enhances neuroplasticity

2011

Impaired motor and sensory function is common in the upper limb in humans after cerebrovascular stroke and it often remains as a permanent disability. Functional electrical stimulation therapy is known to enhance the motor function of the paretic hand; however, the mechanism of this enhancement is not known. We studied whether neural plasticity has a role in this therapy-induced enhancement of the hand motor function in 20 hemiparetic subjects with chronic stroke (age 53 ± 6 years; 7 females and 13 males; 10 with cerebral infarction and 10 with cerebral haemorrhage; and time since incident 2.4 ± 2.0 years). These subjects were randomized to functional electrical therapy or conventional phys…

Fractal analyses reveal independent complexity and predictability of gait

2017

Locomotion is a natural task that has been assessed since decades and used as a proxy to highlight impairments of various origins. Most studies adopted classical linear analyses of spatio-temporal gait parameters. Here, we use more advanced, yet not less practical, non-linear techniques to analyse gait time series of healthy subjects. We aimed at finding more sensitive indexes related to spatio-temporal gait parameters than those previously used, with the hope to better identify abnormal locomotion. We analysed large-scale stride interval time series and mean step width in 34 participants while altering walking direction (forward vs. backward walking) and with or without galvanic vestibular…

Inspiratory Muscle Training and Functional Electrical Stimulation for Treatment of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: The TRAINING-HF Tr…

2019

Introduction and objectives: Despite the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), there is currently no evidence-based effective therapy for this disease. This study sought to evaluate whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT), functional electrical stimulation (FES), or a combination of both (IMT + FES) improves 12- and 24-week exercise capacity as well as left ventricular diastolic function, biomarker profile, and quality of life in HFpEF. Methods: A total of 61 stable symptomatic patients (New York Heart Association II-III) with HFpEF were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive a 12-week program of IMT, FES, or IMT + FES vs usual care. The primary endpoint of the st…

Electrophysiological and hemodynamic mismatch responses in rats listening to human speech syllables

2016

International audience; Speech is a complex auditory stimulus which is processed according to several time-scales. Whereas consonant discrimination is required to resolve rapid acoustic events, voice perception relies on slower cues. Humans, right from preterm ages, are particularly efficient to encode temporal cues. To compare the capacities of preterms to those observed in other mammals, we tested anesthetized adult rats by using exactly the same paradigm as that used in preterm neonates. We simultaneously recorded neural (using ECoG) and hemodynamic responses (using fNIRS) to series of human speech syllables and investigated the brain response to a change of consonant (ba vs. ga) and to …