Search results for "Functions"

Error detecting in inductive inference

1995

Several well-known inductive inference strategies change the actual hypothesis only when they discover that it “provably misclassifies” an example seen so far. This notion is made mathematically precise and its general power is characterized. In spite of its strength it is shown that this approach is not of universal power. Consequently, then hypotheses are considered which “unprovably misclassify” examples and the properties of this approach are studied. Among others it turns out that this type is of the same power as monotonic identification. Then it is shown that universal power can be achieved only when an unbounded number of alternations of these dual types of hypotheses is allowed. Fi…

Dual types of hypotheses in inductive inference

2006

Several well-known inductive inference strategies change the actual hypothesis only when they discover that it “provably misclassifies” an example seen so far. This notion is made mathematically precise and its general power is characterized. In spite of its strength it is shown that this approach is not of “universal” power. Consequently, then hypotheses are considered which “unprovably misclassify” examples and the properties of this approach are studied. Among others it turns out that this type is of the same power as monotonic identification. Finally, it is shown that “universal” power can be achieved only when an unbounded number of alternations of these dual types of hypotheses is all…

Topological considerations in composing teams of learning machines

1995

Classes of total recursive functions may be identifiable by a team of strategies, but not by a single strategy, in accordance with a certain identification type (EX, FIN, etc.). Qualitative aspects in composing teams are considered. For each W ∉ EX all recursive strategies can be split into several families so that any team identifying W contains strategies from all the families. For W ∉ FIN the possibility of such splitting depends upon W. The relation between these phenomena and “voting” properties for types EX, FIN, etc. is revealed.

L'identità costituzionale nel diritto dell'Unione europea: un nuovo concetto giuridico?

2012

Il concetto di identità costituzionale, nato nella giurisprudenza della Corte costituzionale federale tedesca e poi ripreso da altre corti costituzionali, ha svolto negli ordinamenti degli stati membri dell'Unione europea un ruolo di difesa dello stato costituzionale di diritto da pretesi pericoli posti dalla un'incondizionata apertura al processo di integrazione europea. Tale ruolo si esprime in tre distinte funzioni giuridiche: a) quella di limite al primato del diritto dell'Unione; b) quella di limite al trasferimento di competenze all'Unione; c) quella di fondamento del controllo sul rispetto del principio delle competenze di attribuzione. Una volta migrato dal piano nazionale a quello …

Differentiation of Effector/Memory Vδ2 T Cells and Migratory Routes in Lymph Nodes or Inflammatory Sites

2003

Vδ2 T lymphocytes recognize nonpeptidic antigens without presentation by MHC molecules and mount both immediate effector functions and memory responses after microbial infection. However, how Vδ2 T cells mediate different facets of a memory response remains unknown. Here, we show that the expression of CD45RA and CD27 antigens defines four subsets of human Vδ2 T cells with distinctive compartmentalization routes. Naive CD45RA+CD27+ and memory CD45RA−CD27+ cells express lymph node homing receptors, abound in lymph nodes, and lack immediate effector functions. Conversely, memory CD45RA−CD27− and terminally differentiated CD45RA+CD27− cells, which express receptors for homing to inflamed tissu…

On Carlson"s and Shafer"s inequalities

2014

In this paper the authors re ne the Carlson"s inequalities for inverse cosine function, and the Shafer"s inequalities for inverse tangent function.

From phylogenetics to phylogenomics: the evolutionary relationships of insect endosymbiotic gamma-Proteobacteria as a test case.

2007

The increasing availability of complete genome sequences and the development of new, faster methods for phylogenetic reconstruction allow the exploration of the set of evolutionary trees for each gene in the genome of any species. This has led to the development of new phylogenomic methods. Here, we have compared different phylogenetic and phylogenomic methods in the analysis of the monophyletic origin of insect endosymbionts from the gamma-Proteobacteria, a hotly debated issue with several recent, conflicting reports. We have obtained the phylogenetic tree for each of the 579 identified protein-coding genes in the genome of the primary endosymbiont of carpenter ants, Blochmannia floridanus…

Institutions and Deontic Powers: Some Comments on the Tuomela-Searle Debate

In this talk I will analyze Tuomela’s theory of institutions and the most recent debate with Searle over the issue of whether institutions conceptually involve the creation and distribution of deontic powers. By way of analyzing Tuomela and Searle’s reciprocal criticisms, I conclude that Tuomela does not give us sufficient reasons to give up Searle’s thesis that institutions always involve deontic powers, but I also argue that it is necessary to go beyond Searle’s recent speech act-centered explanation of human sociality. More specifically, moving along the lines of Di Lorenzo’s view of constitutive rules as built into the logical and pragmatic structure of human activities, and making use …

Algebriskā analīze: teorija un uzdevumi

1937

Reālās ģimnāzijas kurss.

Wannier90 as a community code: new features and applications

2019

Wannier90 is an open-source computer program for calculating maximally-localised Wannier functions (MLWFs) from a set of Bloch states. It is interfaced to many widely used electronic-structure codes thanks to its independence from the basis sets representing these Bloch states. In the past few years the development of Wannier90 has transitioned to a community-driven model; this has resulted in a number of new developments that have been recently released in Wannier90 v3.0. In this article we describe these new functionalities, that include the implementation of new features for wannierisation and disentanglement (symmetry-adapted Wannier functions, selectively-localised Wannier functions, s…