Search results for "GABA"

GABA transporters control GABAergic neurotransmission in the mouse subplate.

2015

The subplate is a transient layer between the cortical plate and intermediate zone in the developing cortex. Thalamo-cortical axons form temporary synapses on subplate neurons (SPns) before invading the cortical plate. Neuronal activity within the subplate is of critical importance for the development of neocortical circuits and architecture. Although both glutamatergic and GABAergic inputs on SPns were reported, short-term plasticity of GABAergic transmission has not been investigated yet. GABAergic postsynaptic currents (GPSCs) were recorded from SPns in coronal neocortical slices prepared from postnatal day 3-4 mice using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Evoked GPSCs (eGPSCs) elicited b…

Effects of GABA-transporter (GAT) inhibitors on rat behaviour in open-field and elevated plus-maze.

1999

The behavioural consequences of inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake were studied. Two GABA uptake inhibitors, tiagabine and SKF 89976-A, were administered to rats, and behaviour was analysed 30 min later in a standard open field, an enriched open field, and an elevated plus-maze. Eight groups of animals received either saline (0.9%), tiagabine, or SKF 89976-A. At a dose of 18.5 mg/kg, tiagabine, an established antiseizure drug, impaired motor coordination, enhanced exploratory activity and reduced anxiety related behaviour. SKF 89976-A exhibited minimal effects over the dose range tested. These results indicate that inhibition of GABA uptake might be a pharmacological strate…

EFFECT OF Γ-AMINOBUTYRRIC ACID (GABA) EXPOSURE ON EMBRYOGENESIS OF PARACENTROTUS LIVIDUS AND IDENTIFICATION OF GABA-RECEPTOR GENES IN SEA URCHINS

2015

Developmental processes are controlled by regulatory genes encoding for transcription factors and signaling molecules. Functional relationships between these genes are described by gene regulatory networks (GRN), models which allow integration of various levels of information. The sea urchin embryo is an experimental model system which offers many advantages for the analysis of GRN. Recently, the GRN that governs the biomineralization of the sea urchin embryonic skeleton has begun to be deciphered. Preliminary evidence suggest that the γ- aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling pathway is involved in skeletal morphogenesis during development of the sea urchin. GABA is a molecule synthesized by n…

Functional evidence for GABA as modulator of the contractility of the longitudinal muscle in mouse duodenum: Role of GABAA and GABAC receptors

2007

We investigated, in vitro, the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the spontaneous mechanical activity of the longitudinal smooth muscle in mouse duodenum. GABA induced an excitatory effect, consisting in an increase in the basal tone, which was antagonized by the GABA(A)-receptor antagonist, bicuculline, potentiated by (1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)methylphosphinic acid hydrate (TPMPA), a GABA(C)-receptor antagonist and it was not affected by phaclofen, a GABA(B)-receptor antagonist. Muscimol, GABA(A) receptor agonist, induced a contractile effect markedly reduced by bicuculline, tetrodotoxin (TTX), hexamethonium and atropine. Cis-4-aminocrotonic acid (CACA), a specific GABA(C) …

"In medio stat virtus": Concentration-dependent effects of GABA on colonic motor patterns in mice

2013

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In the enteric nervous system, GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) has been shown to modulate neuronal activity via activation of different GABAergic receptors. The consequences of this modulation remain poorly understood and depend on the region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or on the animal species examined. Although several studies have been addressed the role of GABA as neuromodulator in the upper part of GI tract, accumulating data suggest that it may play a key role also in GI distal tract function in health and disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of GABA in both spontaneous and electrically-evoked contractions and in the perista…

GABA & “LITTLE BRAIN”: RUOLO EMERGENTE NEL CONTROLLO DELLA MOTILITÀ INTESTINALE

2013

L’acido gamma-ammino butirrico (GABA) è ampiamente riconosciuto come principale neurotrasmettitore inibitore nel sistema nervoso centrale dei mammiferi. Tuttavia numerose evidenze sperimentali suggeriscono una sua azione anche a livello del sistema nervoso enterico (o “little brain”), sezione del sistema nervoso periferico deputata al controllo della funzionalità del tratto gastrointestinale (GI). Dal momento che, ad oggi, gli effetti del GABA rimangono ancora non chiari e sembrerebbero dipendere dalla porzione del tratto GI considerata o dal modello animale esaminato, lo scopo di questo lavoro è stato quello di studiare l’effetto del GABA sulla contrattilità della muscolatura circolare del…

Identificazione dei geni codificanti per i recettori di acido y-amminobutirrico nel genoma del riccio di mare

2013

GABA-B receptoru agonista baklofēna efekti uz tirozīnhidroksilāzes blīvumu Alcheimera slimības tipa modeļdzīvnieku smadzenēs

2017

Šī darba mērķis bija noteikt GABAB agonista baklofēna ļoti mazu devu (0,01 un 0,05 mg/kg) ietekmi uz AD-tipa ICV STZ modeļa žurku smadzeņu garozas un hipokampa tirozīnhidroksilāzes blīvumu. Iegūtie rezultāti neuzrādīja būtiskas atšķirības tirozīnhidroksilāzes blīvumā garozā un hipokampā pēc baklofēna (gan 0,01 mg/kg, gan 0,05 mg/kg) ievadīšanas gan kontroles grupas, gan bojājuma grupas dzīvniekiem. Šie dati norāda, ka dopamīnerģiskā sistēma netiek traucēta ICV STZ ievadīšanas rezultātā un šīs sistēmas darbību neietekmē baklofēna ļoti mazas devas. Iespējams, ka ilgākos pētījumos GABAB agonisti spētu ietekmēt tirozīnhidroksilāzes blīvumu AD-tipa modeļdzīvnieku smadzenēs.

Alteraciones de la neurotransmisión en hipocampo de ratas hiperamonémicas. papel de la neuroinflamación. modulación por GMPc extracelular

2021

La Encefalopatía Hepática (EH) es un síndrome neuropsiquiátrico complejo producido por un fallo hepático. Cuando el hígado falla se producen hiperamonemia (HA) e inflamación que actúan sinérgicamente produciendo neuroinflamación, lo que da lugar a alteraciones en la neurotransmisión y alteraciones cognitivas y motoras. Estudios anteriores del grupo han demostrado que el aumento de los niveles de GMPc extracelular disminuye la neuroinflamación y revierte las alteraciones cognitivas y motoras observadas en ratas hiperamonémicas. Sin embargo, los mecanismos responsables se desconocían. En la presente tesis doctoral hemos demostrado que la hiperamonemia crónica reduce la respuesta de los recept…

GABA-A receptoru agonista muscimola ietekme uz acetilholīna daudzumu Alcheimera slimības tipa modeļdzīvnieku smadzenēs

2017

Šī darba mērķis bija noskaidrot muscimola ļoti zemu devu (0,01 un 0,05 mg/kg) efektus uz acetilholīna šķelšanu intracerebroventrikulāras (i.c.v.) streptozocīna (STZ) ievadīšanas AD-tipa modelī. Rezultāti rāda, ka: 1.STZ i.c.v. ievadīšana izraisīja būtisku garozas un hipokampa AChE blīvuma palielinājumu. 2.Muscimols 0,01 un 0,05 mg/kg devās normalizēja AChE blīvumu STZ grupas žurku garozā un hipokampā līdz kontroles grupas līmenim. Iegūtie dati ļauj secināt, ka muscimola ļoti mazas devas regulē acetilholīna daudzumu i.c.v. STZ modelī. Iespējams, šis regulācijas mehānisms atbild par iepriekš novērotiem telpiskās atmiņas uzlabojumiem AD-tipa modeļdzīvniekos, tomēr ir nepieciešami tālāki pētīju…