Search results for "GASTROINTESTINAL"
showing 10 items of 1016 documents
Biosorption of green and black tea polyphenols into Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves their bioaccessibility
2015
Infusions of green tea (GT) and black tea (BT) and the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a natural matrix were employed to check the impact of biosorption on the possible fate of tea polyphenols in the gastrointestinal tract in terms of bioaccessibility and total antioxidant capacity (TEAC and ORAC assays). The maximum biosorption yields obtained were 47.61 ± 11.57 and 99.68 ± 5.25 mg/g from GT and BT infusions, respectively. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in the recovery of phenolic compounds was shown after in vitro digestion. The bioaccessible fractions generally exhibited higher antioxidant capacities in both tea infusions and suspensions of S. cerevisiae versus non-digested samples…
The Effects of Physical Activity on the Gut Microbiota and the Gut-Brain Axis in Preclinical and Human Models: A Narrative Review.
2022
Increasing evidence supports the importance of the gut microbiota (GM) in regulating multiple functions related to host physical health and, more recently, through the gut–brain axis (GBA), mental health. Similarly, the literature on the impact of physical activity (PA), including exercise, on GM and GBA is growing. Therefore, this narrative review summarizes and critically appraises the existing literature that delves into the benefits or adverse effects produced by PA on physical and mental health status through modifications of the GM, highlighting differences and similarities between preclinical and human studies. The same exercise in animal models, whether performed voluntarily or forc…
Established cotton stainer gut bacterial mutualists evade regulation by host antimicrobial peptides
2019
Symbioses with microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature and confer important ecological traits to animal hosts but also require control mechanisms to ensure homeostasis of the symbiotic interactions. In addition to protecting hosts against pathogens, animal immune systems recognize, respond to, and regulate mutualists. The gut bacterial symbionts of the cotton stainer bug, Dysdercus fasciatus, elicit an immune response characterized by the upregulation of c-type lysozyme and the antimicrobial peptide pyrrhocoricin in bugs with their native gut microbiota compared to that in dysbiotic insects. In this study, we investigated the impact of the elicited antimicrobial immune response on the estab…
Highlights of the EORTC St. Gallen International Expert Consensus on the primary therapy of gastric, gastroesophageal and oesophageal cancer - differ…
2012
The 1st St. Gallen EORTC Gastrointestinal Cancer Conference 2012 Expert Panel clearly differentiated treatment and staging recommendations for the various gastroesophageal cancers. For locally advanced gastric cancer (>= PT3N+), the preferred treatment modality was pre- and postoperative chemotherapy. The majority of panel members would also treat T2N+ or even T2N0 tumours with a similar approach mainly because pretherapeutic staging was considered highly unreliable. It was agreed that adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (AEG) is classified best according to Siewert et al. Preoperative radiochemotherapy (RCT) is the preferred treatment for AEG type I and II tumours. For AEG type…
Update of NGS analysis of Italian survey of second tumors in patients with diagnosis of GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor).
2020
e23518 Background: In patients with GIST, literature reports a risk of second primary tumors between 4.5% and 33% with different distribution in the worldwide. The network of 7 italian EURACAN centers has collected clinical and molecular features of GIST patients with second primary tumors. Methods: We reviewed the clinical characteristics of 201 patients with GIST and second primary tumors in order to evaluate association between risk of dead and each possible factor, using Kaplan meier curve, log-rank test and Cox model for Hazard Ratio and it’s interval Confidence 95% estimation. Furthermore, NGS analysis ( 56 gene onco panel) in 72 patients with GIST was performed. Results: On the basi…
Ten-year assessment of a cancer fast-track programme to connect primary care with oncology: reducing time from initial symptoms to diagnosis and trea…
2021
Background Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Integrating different levels of care by implementing screening programmes, extending diagnostic tools and applying therapeutic advances may increase survival. We implemented a cancer fast-track programme (CFP) to shorten the time between suspected cancer symptoms, diagnosis and therapy initiation. Patients and methods Descriptive data were collected from the 10 years since the CFP was implemented (2009-2019) at the Clinico-Malvarrosa Health Department in Valencia, Spain. General practitioners (GPs), an oncology coordinator and 11 specialists designed guidelines for GP patient referral to the CFP, including criteria for br…
Management of Toxicity Induced by Anti-EGFR Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
2013
Use of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) agents has yielded significant advances in the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. In fact these drugs, which include the monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab, can be delivered both as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapy, achieving better survival and quality of life and in some cases also resectability of metastases. However, these agents can result in the development of toxicities that are usually different from those observed with chemotherapy alone. For the management of these adverse effects, proper knowledge is mandatory. Skin toxicity is the most frequent adverse effect. Other tox…
Molecular markers and biological targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer: expert opinion and recommendations derived from the 11th ESMO/Wo…
2010
The article summarizes the expert discussion and recommendations on the use of molecular markers and of biological targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), as well as a proposed treatment decision strategy for mCRC treatment. The meeting was conducted during the 11th ESMO/World Gastrointestinal Cancer Congress (WGICC) in Barcelona in June 2009. The manuscript describes the outcome of an expert discussion leading to an expert recommendation. The increasing knowledge on clinical and molecular markers and the availability of biological targeted therapies have major implications in the optimal management in mCRC. 21 Suppl 6 vi1 10
Efficacy and safety of regorafenib for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours after failure of imatinib and sunitinib (GRID): an international, mu…
2013
Contains fulltext : 118365.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND: Until now, only imatinib and sunitinib have proven clinical benefit in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST), but almost all metastatic GIST eventually develop resistance to these agents, resulting in fatal disease progression. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of regorafenib in patients with metastatic or unresectable GIST progressing after failure of at least imatinib and sunitinib. METHODS: We did this phase 3 trial at 57 hospitals in 17 countries. Patients with histologically confirmed, metastatic or unresectable GIST, with failure of at least previous imatinib and sunitinib were rando…
Development and Validation of a New Prognostic System for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2016
Background Prognostic assessment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial. Using the Italian Liver Cancer (ITA.LI.CA) database as a training set, we sought to develop and validate a new prognostic system for patients with HCC. Methods and Findings Prospective collected databases from Italy (training cohort, n = 3,628; internal validation cohort, n = 1,555) and Taiwan (external validation cohort, n = 2,651) were used to develop the ITA.LI.CA prognostic system. We first defined ITA.LI.CA stages (0, A, B1, B2, B3, C) using only tumor characteristics (largest tumor diameter, number of nodules, intra- and extrahepatic macroscopic vascular invasion, extrahepatic metas…