Search results for "GIS"
showing 10 items of 7190 documents
HAND GRIP STRENGTH, LOWER EXTREMITY PERFORMANCE AND ACTIVE AGING AMONG 75-YEAR-OLD PEOPLE
2018
Active aging is an endorsed policy goal, which we defined and quantified at the individual level as a striving for activities as per one’s goals, abilities and opportunities. This study examines the association of physical functioning with active aging. Participants were 127 men and 167 women aged 75 years randomly drawn from the population register as part of the AGNES study. The validated University of Jyväskylä Active Aging Scale (UJACAS) assesses 17 meaningful activities from four aspects: goals, ability, opportunity and activity. Each dimension forms a sub-scale and their sum forms a total score ranging from 0 to 272 (higher scores indicate more active agency). Maximal handgrip strengt…
Does chronic pain hinder physical activity among older adults with type 2 diabetes?
2021
Background: Physical activity (PA) is a key component in management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Pain might be a barrier to PA especially among older adults with T2D, but surprisingly few studies have investigated the association between chronic pain and PA. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of chronic pain among older adults with T2D and to examine the association between chronic pain and PA while taking important life-contextual factors into account. Methods: Data of this register-based, cross-sectional study were collected in a survey among adults with T2D (n=2866). In the current study, only respondents aged 65–75 years were included (response rate 63%, n=1386). Data were analysed by …
Can bureaucrats order public health? The case of Norway
2013
Introduction: The implementation of a new structural reform, the Coordination Reform, prioritizing a new public health agenda, was initiated to develop a more decentralized, integrated health care system in Norway in 2012. The same year, new health legislation was implemented and due to the new Public Health Act the responsibility for implementing a new public health agenda was decentralized to the local level. Historically, due to lack of funding – these issues have got low priority among local authorities. The new public health legislation reflects a shift in policy focus from treatment to illness prevention – where planning and partnership among primary end specialist health care, as wel…
Predictors of nurses' attitudes and knowledge towards pain management in Italy. A cross-sectional study in the hospital settings.
2021
Abstract Introduction Pain is multidimensional, and as such it is the chief reason patients require urgent health care services. If inadequately assessed and untreated, pain may negatively impact on the quality of life of the patient. Pain management is an essential part of Nursing. The aim to this study is to examine the level of knowledge and attitudes with regard to pain among Italian nurses who work in clinical settings. Methods The Ferrell and McCaffery's Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain was distributed to 266 nurses employed in one specialized hospital in Rome, Italy. The staff in the survey work in three different settings: the intensive care unit, the sub-intensive care…
Re-Thinking the Use of Conscientious Objection by Health Professionals: A Regulatory Proposal Based on Legal Abortion Practices in Argentina
2019
“Ninety percent of health-care practitioners will not perform abortions,” warned physicians in Chaco, a province in north-eastern Argentina, during the debate in Argentina’s Senate to extend the legalization of abortion in July 2018. Around this same time, in a nearby province, Misiones, every physician in one hospital declared that they would register as conscientious objectors should the legislation prove successful. Just a few days earlier, Argentina’s press reported that more than 200 girls had been raped and forced to give birth in Misiones, without access to legal abortion under the rape indication. In Argentina abortion is legally permitted in cases where a pregnancy presents a risk …
Serum uric acid and outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure through the whole spectrum of ejection fraction phenotypes: Analysis of the ESC-E…
2021
Background: Retrospective analyses of clinical trials indicate that elevated serum uric acid (sUA) predicts poor outcome in heart failure (HF). Uric acid can contribute to inflammation and microvascular dysfunction, which may differently affect different left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) phenotypes. However, role of sUA across LVEF phenotypes is unknown. Objectives: We investigated sUA association with outcome in a prospective cohort of HF patients stratified according to LVEF. Methods: Through the Heart Failure Long-Term Registry of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC-EORP-HFLT), 4,438 outpatients were identified and classified into: reduced (= 50% HFpEF) LVEF. Endpoints were t…
Sex differences in the relationship among alcohol, smoking, and Helicobacter pylori infection in asymptomatic individuals
2020
Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship of Helicobacter pylori infection with alcohol and smoking. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among participants who underwent health check-ups for H. pylori infection between January 2013 and March 2017. We subsequently investigated the relationship of H. pylori infection with alcohol and smoking. Results A total of 7169 participants were enrolled in this study. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 55.2%. Participants with H. pylori infection were more likely to be older than those without H. pylori infection. For male participants with H. pylori infection, multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that bo…
Optimized threshold for serum HCV RNA to predict treatment outcomes in hepatitis C patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a/ribavirin
2012
Summary. It is unclear whether the current threshold for ‘high’ hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA level (800 000 IU/mL) is optimal for predicting sustained virological response (SVR). We retrospectively analysed pretreatment HCV RNA levels and SVR rates in 1529 mono-infected and 176 HIV–HCV co-infected patients treated with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kD) plus ribavirin. We improved the threshold for differentiating low and high viral load by fitting semiparametric generalized additive logistic regression models to the data and constructing receiver operating characteristics curves. Among HCV genotype 1 mono-infected patients, the difference in SVR rates between those with low and high baseline HC…
Hyperuricemia is associated with histological liver damage in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
2011
SUMMARY Background Hyperuricemia has been associated with metabolic disorders. In this line recent studies observed an independent link between higher uric acid serum levels and clinical diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mean uric acid serum level was 5.75 mg ⁄ dL, and about 20% of patients had hyperuricemia, that was independently associated with younger age (OR 0.951, 95% CI 0.918-0.984, P = 0.004), lobular inflammation (OR 2.144, 95% CI 1.055-4.357, P = 0.03) and steatosis grade (OR 1.859, 95% CI 1.078-3.205, P = 0.02), by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Female gender (OR 2.656, 95% CI 1.190-5.928, P = 0.01), higher HOMA index (OR 1.219, 95% CI 1.043- 1.4…