Search results for "GLASSES"

showing 10 items of 78 documents

Mono-stereo-autostereo: the evolution of 3-dimensional neurosurgical planning.

2012

BACKGROUND: In the past decade, surgery planning has changed significantly. The main reason is the improvements in computer graphical rendering power and display technology, which turned the plain graphics of the mid-1990s into interactive stereoscopic objects. OBJECTIVE: To report our experiences with 2 virtual reality systems used for planning neurosurgical operations. METHODS: A series of 208 operations were planned with the Dextroscope (Bracco AMT, Singapore) requiring the use of liquid crystal display shutter glasses. The participating neurosurgeons answered a questionnaire after the planning procedure and postoperatively. In a second prospective series of 33 patients, we used an autos…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyNeuronavigationStereoscopyVirtual realityNeurosurgical Procedureslaw.inventionRendering (computer graphics)User-Computer InterfaceImaging Three-DimensionallawBackupAutostereoscopyPreoperative CaremedicineHumansParalysisMedical physicsProspective StudiesNeuronavigationAgedAged 80 and overAphasia Brocabusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsNavigation systemMiddle AgedDextroscopeCerebral AngiographyLiquid CrystalsParesisEyeglassesSurgeryFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessMagnetic Resonance AngiographyNeurosurgery
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Effect of sodium to barium substitution on the space charge implementation in thermally poled glasses for nonlinear optical applications

2009

Thermally poled niobium borophosphate glasses in the system 0.55(0.95-y) NaPO{sub 3}+y/2 Ba(PO{sub 3}){sub 2}+0.05Na{sub 2}B{sub 4}O{sub 7})+0.45Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} were investigated for second order optical nonlinear (SON) properties. Bulk glasses were studied by Raman spectroscopy, thermal analysis, optical and dielectric measurements. The sodium to barium substitution does not lead to significant changes in optical properties, crystallization of glasses and coordination environment of polarizable niobium atoms. However, the ionic conductivity decreases drastically with the increase of barium concentration. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy has been used to determine the element distribution …

Analytical chemistryNiobiumchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyDielectric01 natural sciencesSpace chargeInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeIonic conductivity0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010302 applied physicsThermal polingSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsBarium[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistrySecond harmonic generation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSpace chargeElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryBorophosphate glasses[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryContent (measure theory)Ceramics and Compositessymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopy
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Origin of clay minerals in soils on pyroclastic deposits in the island of Lipari (Italy)

2005

The island of Lipari (Italy) is characterized by calc-alkaline to potassic volcanism and a Mediterranean-type climate. The mineralogical and chemical features of two different soil profiles with ages of 92,000 and 10,000–40,000 y, respectively, have been investigated. There were no Andisols, but Vitric and Vertic Cambisols have developed at both sites. Although the morphology of the soils was similar, remarkable differences in the clay mineralogy between the two sites were observed. The site with the Vitric Cambisol was associated with the weathering sequence: glass → halloysite → kaolinite or interstratified kaolinite-2:1 clay minerals. Both sites had smectite in the clay fraction and, to …

CambisolGeochemistrySoil ScienceMineralogyWeatheringAndisols geochemistry montmorillonite glasses kaolinite sheet silicates Italy Cambisols clay mineralogy Europe silicates soils halloysite Lipari Islands clay minerals igneous rocks Lipari Island smectite metasomatism weathering Sicily Italy volcanic rocks Southern Europeengineering.materialHalloysitechemistry.chemical_compoundMontmorillonitechemistrySettore AGR/14 - PedologiaGeochemistry and PetrologySoil waterEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)engineeringSoil horizonKaoliniteClay mineralsGeologyWater Science and Technologyclays and clay minerals
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New fitting scheme to obtain effective potential from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics simulations: Application to silica

2008

A fitting scheme is proposed to obtain effective potentials from Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations. It is used to parameterize a new pair potential for silica. MD simulations with this new potential are done to determine structural and dynamic properties and to compare these properties to those obtained from CPMD and a MD simulation using the so-called BKS potential. The new potential reproduces accurately the liquid structure generated by the CPMD trajectories, the experimental activation energies for the self-diffusion constants and the experimental density of amorphous silica. Also lattice parameters and elastic constants of alpha-quartz are well-reproduced, showing th…

Car–Parrinello molecular dynamicsMaterials sciencemolecular dynamics calculations (Car-Parrinello) and other numerical simulationsTransferabilityGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyglasses01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsMolecular dynamicsLattice (order)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]010306 general physicsdensity functional theoryCondensed Matter - Materials Sciencegradient and other correctionsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)computer simulation of liquid structureCondensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylocal density approximation[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Amorphous silica0210 nano-technologyPair potential
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Defekti optiskos stiklos

1992

Izdevumā ievietoti raksti par pašvlelas un plejaukumu defektu ģenerācijas mehānismiem un struktūru optiskajos stiklos.

Cietvielu fizikaOptikaSpektroskopijaOptiskie stikliOptical glasses:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories]Spectroscopy
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A Novel Marking Reader for Progressive Addition Lenses Based on Gabor Holography

2016

PURPOSE Progressive addition lenses (PALs) are marked with permanent engraved marks (PEMs) at standardized locations. Permanent engraved marks are very useful through the manufacturing and mounting processes, act as locator marks to re-ink the removable marks, and contain useful information about the PAL. However, PEMs are often faint and weak, obscured by scratches, partially occluded, and difficult to recognize on tinted lenses or with antireflection or scratch-resistant coatings. The aim of this article is to present a new generation of portable marking reader based on an extremely simplified concept for visualization and identification of PEMs in PALs. METHODS Permanent engraved marks o…

Computer scienceHolographyHolographyMagnification01 natural sciencesSample (graphics)law.inventionVisualization010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesOphthalmologyEyeglasses0302 clinical medicineFiducial MarkerslawComputer graphics (images)0103 physical sciences030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometryProgressive addition lensesOptometry and Vision Science
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Recent advances in the development of holey optical fibers based on sulfide glasses

2006

International audience; Microstructured optical fibers as new optical objects have been developed in the recent past years, firstly from silica glass and then from other oxide glasses such as tellurite or different heavy cations oxide glasses. However very few results have been reported concerning non-oxide glasses and more particularly chalcogenide glasses. In a photonic crystal fiber the arrangement of air holes along the transverse section of the fiber around a solid glassy core leads to unique optical properties, such as for example broadband single-mode guidance, adjustable dispersion, nonlinear properties. Since the effective modal area is adjustable thanks to geometrical parameters, …

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchalcogenidesulfideoptical fibersmicrostructured fibersphotonic crystal fibersglasses CHALCOGENIDE GLASSESTELECOMMUNICATIONSPhysics::OpticsMULTIPOLE METHODholey fibersCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
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First principles simulation of amorphous InSb

2013

Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations based on density functional theory have been performed to generate a model of amorphous InSb by quenching from the melt. The resulting network is mostly tetrahedral with a minor fraction ($10%$) of atoms in a fivefold coordination. The structural properties are in good agreement with available x-ray diffraction and extended x-ray-absorption fine structure data and confirm the proposed presence of a sizable fraction of homopolar In-In and Sb-Sb bonds whose concentration in our model amounts to about $20%$ of the total number of bonds.

DiffractionQuenchingMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsHomopolar motorCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidAb initio molecular dynamicsab-initio simulations glasses amorphous materialsTetrahedronDensity functional theoryFIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIA
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Theory of heterogeneous viscoelasticity

2015

We review a new theory of viscoelasticity of a glass-forming viscous liquid near and below the glass transition. In our model we assume that each point in the material has a specific viscosity, which varies randomly in space according to a fluctuating activation free energy. We include a Maxwellian elastic term and assume that the corresponding shear modulus fluctuates as well with the same distribution as that of the activation barriers. The model is solved in coherent-potential approximation (CPA), for which a derivation is given. The theory predicts an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence of the viscosity in the vanishing-frequency limit, independent of the distribution of the activatio…

Distribution (number theory)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyActivation energyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterViscous liquidSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesmechanical property evaluationViscoelasticityShear modulusViscosity0103 physical sciencesCoherent potential approximation010306 general physicsviscoelasticityglassPhysicsDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)MechanicsCondensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsglass relaxationcoherent potential approximation; glass; glass relaxation; mechanical property evaluation; metallic glasses; viscoelasticity; Condensed Matter PhysicsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)metallic glasses0210 nano-technologycoherent potential approximation
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Luminescence of gamma-radiation-induced defects in alpha-quartz

2004

Optical transitions associated with gamma-radiation-induced defects in crystalline a-quartz were investigated by photoluminescence excited by both pulsed synchrotron radiation and steady-state light. After a 10 MGy gamma-dose we observed two emissions at 4.9 eV (ultraviolet band) and 2.7 eV (blue band) excitable in the range of the induced absorption band at 7.6 eV. These two luminescence bands show a different temperature dependence: the ultraviolet band becomes bright below 80 K; the blue band increases below 180 K, but drops down below 80 K. Both emissions decay in a timescale of a few ns under pulsed excitation, however the blue band could also be observed in slow recombination processe…

ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCEAMORPHOUS-SILICON DIOXIDEOPTICAL-ABSORPTIONGLASSESSYNTHETIC SILICAPHOTOLUMINESCENCESIO2BANDOXYGEN-DEFICIENT CENTERSIRRADIATION
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