Search results for "GRI"
showing 10 items of 10209 documents
Un metodo basato su misure distribuite in bassa tensione per il calcolo del load flow nelle smart grids
2016
Con la diffusione della generazione distribuita nei sistemi elettrici di distribuzione e la conseguente loro transizione verso reti attive, è diventato essenziale disporre di opportuni sistemi per il monitoraggio, il controllo e la gestione delle retistesse. In questo ambito, l'unità GMEE di Palermo, in collaborazione con l'ISSIA-CNR e la STMicroelectronics, da alcuni anni si occupa dello sviluppo di sistemi di misura e comunicazione per lo sviluppo delle "smart distribution grids". In particolare, per quanto riguarda il monitoraggio della rete, lo studio è stato focalizzato sull'analisi dei flussi di potenza, che, noti il modello della rete e le potenze generate o assorbite nei vari nodi, …
Rasgos esquileos en la caracterización de algunos personajes sofocleos
2008
Jose.V.Banuls@uv.es Carmen.Morenilla@uv.es Frente a la ignorancia en sus diversas formas como fuente del error trágico que caracteriza a los héroes de Sófocles, los de Esquilo son conscientes de lo que hacen, pero su grado de consciencia se halla alterado por una fuerza negativa que surge de su propio linaje. Encontramos estos rasgos esquileos, pero positivados, en Antígona. In contrast with ignorance as the source of the tragic error which characterizes the heroes of Sophocles, the heroes of Aeschylus are fully aware of their actions. However, the degree of their awareness is altered by a negative force which emerges from their lineage. These Aeschylean features are positively presented in…
Bimodal porous silica nanomaterials as sorbents for an efficient and inexpensive determination of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products
2020
Abstract An extraction procedure was developed for the determination of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products. A sorbent based on UVM-7 mesoporous silica was used as solid phase for the sample clean-up, and the analyte determination was carried out by HPLC coupled to a fluorescence detector. The material architecture was characterized by transmission electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, 29Si NMR and nitrogen adsorption-desorption. After the optimization of extraction parameters, the influence of the matrix has been evaluated, obtaining recoveries in the range 78–105% for whole and skimmed milk and yogurt matrix. The reusability of the material was also proved. The sensitivity of the …
Effect of allyl isothiocyanate on transcriptional profile, aflatoxin synthesis, and Aspergillus flavus growth.
2020
Abstract The goals of this study were to determine the efficacy of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) against the growth of A. flavus and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production as well as to evaluate changes in the transcriptome profile when colonizing maize. A. flavus was inoculated in potato dextrose agar (PDA), the plates were placed inside glass jars and the mycelial growth (MG) was monitored for 7 d. Likewise, maize grains were contaminated with A. flavus in glass jars of 1 L and treated with 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 5 µL of AITC. The moisture content (MC) of grains was 15 and 21%. After 7 days of storage, the MG was significantly reduced in doses higher than 0.125 µL/L of AITC. All doses of AITC redu…
Impact of bioactive packaging systems based on EVOH films and essential oils in the control of aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin production in maize.
2017
Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus are the most common fungal species associated with aflatoxin (AF) contamination of cereals, especially maize, and other agricultural commodities. AFB1, the most frequent and toxic metabolite, is a powerful hepatotoxic, teratogenic and mutagenic compound. Effective strategies to control these fungal species and AFs in food and feed are required. Active packaging film containing essential oils (EO) is one of the most innovative food packaging concepts. In this study, ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer films incorporating EO from Origanum vulgare (ORE), Cinnamomum zeylanicum (CIN) or their major active constituents, carvacrol (CAR) and cinnamaldehyde …
Selected plant essential oils and their main active components, a promising approach to inhibit aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin production in food.
2018
Recent research has showed that Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus are aflatoxigenic species that can become very competitive in the framework of climate change. Aflatoxins show carcinogenic, mutagenic, immunotoxic and teratogenic effects on human and animals. Effective and sustainable measures to inhibit these species and aflatoxins in food are required. Origanum vulgare and Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oils (EOs) and their major active constituents, carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde, respectively, were assayed for inhibiting these species and aflatoxin production in maize extract medium under different environmental conditions. Doses of 10-1000 mg l
Influence of probiotic microorganisms on aflatoxins B 1 and B 2 bioaccessibility evaluated with a simulated gastrointestinal digestion
2018
Aflatoxins (AFs) are produced mainly by the molds Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is classified as carcinogenic to humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of different strains of Lactobacilli (Lb.) and Bifidobacteria (Bf.) to reduce the bioaccessibility of AFB1 and aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), spiked in loaf bread, using a dynamic in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion system. Aliquots of 20 mL of gastric and duodenal fluids were sampled for the determination of the mycotoxins gastric and duodenal bioaccessibility respectively, by liquid-chromatography coupled to the mass spectrometry in tandem (LC–MS/MS). A reduction of AFs bioacc…
Recent aflatoxin survey data in milk and milk products: A review
2017
Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) occurrence in human and animal milk, infant formula, powdered milk, cheese and yoghurt represents a risk for health. The last four years (2010–2014) of data, as well as the most frequently and updated analytical methods applied for AFM1 quantification, are evaluated. Aflatoxin B1, considered the most potent toxic aflatoxin, is metabolised to form the monohydroxy derivative AFM1. This metabolized, expressed in the milk, is relatively stable, and it is not eliminated by heat treatments or pasteurisation, and thus represents a serious health concern.
Occurrence of Aflatoxins in Tigernuts and Their Beverages Commercialized in Spain
2010
A method based on matrix solid phase dispersion extraction was applied to determine aflatoxins B(1), B(2), G(1), and G(2) from tigernuts and tigernut beverages. Recoveries of each aflatoxin from tigernut (spiked at 10 microg/kg level) and from tigernut beverages (spiked at 10 microg/L level) ranged from 72.3 to 82.1% and from 74.0 to 86.3%, respectively. The limits of quantification ranged from 0.21 to 1.49 microg/kg (for tigernuts) and from 0.13 to 0.57 microg/L (for tigernut beverages) studied using liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The proposed extraction method followed by liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection determination was applied to 37 and 25 samples of tig…
High Pressure Processing Impact on Alternariol and Aflatoxins of Grape Juice and Fruit Juice-Milk Based Beverages.
2021
High-pressure processing (HPP) has emerged over the last 2 decades as a good alternative to traditional thermal treatment for food safety and shelf-life extension, supplying foods with similar characteristics to those of fresh products. Currently, HPP has also been proposed as a useful tool to reduce food contaminants, such as pesticides and mycotoxins. The aim of the present study is to explore the effect of HPP technology at 600 MPa during 5 min at room temperature on alternariol (AOH) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) mycotoxins reduction in different juice models. The effect of HPP has also been compared with a thermal treatment performed at 90 °C during 21 s. For this, different juice models, or…