Search results for "GRO"

showing 10 items of 31405 documents

High efficiency resonance ionization of palladium with Ti:sapphire lasers

2016

This work presents the development and testing of highly efficient excitation schemes for resonance ionization of palladium. To achieve the highest ionization efficiencies, a high-power, high repetition rate Ti:sapphire laser system was used and 2-step, 3-step and 4-step schemes were investigated and compared. Starting from different excited steps, the frequencies of the final ionization steps were tuned across the full accessible spectral range of the laser system, revealing several autoionizing Rydberg series, which converge towards the energetically higher lying state of the Pd+ ion ground state configuration. Through proper choice of these excitation steps, we developed a highly efficie…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsResonanceCondensed Matter PhysicsLaser01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIon sourcelaw.inventionIonlawIonizationExcited state0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physics010306 general physicsGround stateExcitationJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
researchProduct

Controlled Cytotoxicity of Plasma Treated Water Formulated By Open-air Hybrid Mode Discharge

2017

Plasma‐activated liquids (PAL) attract increasing interest with demonstrated biological effects. Plasma exposure in air produces stable aqueous reactive species which can serve as chemical diagnostics of PAL systems. Here, we tailor aqueous reactive species inside plasma‐activated water (PAW) through treating water with AC air spark and glow discharges in contact with water. Chemical probing demonstrated species specificity between two types of PAW. Spark discharge PAW contains urn:x-wiley:14381656:media:ppap201600207:ppap201600207-math-0006 and urn:x-wiley:14381656:media:ppap201600207:ppap201600207-math-0007, while urn:x-wiley:14381656:media:ppap201600207:ppap201600207-math-0008and urn:x-w…

010302 applied physicsPlant growthChromatographyPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Treated waterChemistry02 engineering and technologyPlasmaHuman decontaminationglow discharge021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundEnvironmental chemistryelectrolysis0103 physical sciencesNitritereactive species0210 nano-technologyHydrogen peroxideCytotoxicityBiologyOpen airplasma-activated waterspark discharge
researchProduct

On the N1-H and N3-H Bond Dissociation in Uracil by Low Energy Electrons: A CASSCF/CASPT2 Study.

2015

The dissociative electron-attachment (DEA) phenomena at the N1-H and N3-H bonds observed experimentally at low energies (<3 eV) in uracil are studied with the CASSCF/CASPT2 methodology. Two valence-bound π(-) and two dissociative σ(-) states of the uracil anionic species, together with the ground state of the neutral molecule, are proven to contribute to the shapes appearing in the experimental DEA cross sections. Conical intersections (CI) between the π(-) and σ(-) are established as the structures which activate the DEA processes. The N1-H and N3-H DEA mechanisms in uracil are described, and experimental observations are interpreted on the basis of two factors: (1) the relative energy of …

010304 chemical physicsChemistryHydrogen bondUracilElectronBond breaking010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesDissociation (chemistry)0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundLow energyComputational chemistry0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateNeutral moleculeJournal of chemical theory and computation
researchProduct

A QM/MM Approach Using the AMOEBA Polarizable Embedding: From Ground State Energies to Electronic Excitations

2016

International audience; A fully polarizable implementation of the hybrid Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics approach is presented, where the classical environment is described through the AMOEBA polarizable force field. A variational formalism, offering a self-consistent 1 relaxation of both the MM induced dipoles and the QM electronic density is used for ground state energies and extended to electronic excitations in the framework of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory combined with a state specific response of the classical part. An application to the calculation of the solvatochromism of the pyridinium N-phenolate betaine dye used to define the solvent ET30 scale is presented. Th…

010304 chemical physicsChemistryPolarizable force fieldSolvatochromismQuantum Chemistry010402 general chemistryElementary chargeQM/MM01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science Applications[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryQM/MMQM/MM; Polarisable embedding; Physical and Theoretical ChemistryPolarizabilityQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesPolarisable embeddingDensity functional theorypolarizable force field AMOEBAPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateExcitationElectronic densityJournal of Chemical Theory and Computation
researchProduct

A quantum dynamics study of the benzopyran ring opening guided by laser pulses

2014

Abstract The ring-opening photoisomerization of benzopyran, which occurs via a photochemical route involving a conical intersection, has been studied with quantum dynamics calculations using the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method (MCTDH). We introduce a mechanistic strategy to control the conversion of benzopyran to merocyanine with laser pulses. We use a six-dimensional model developed in a previous work for the potential energy surfaces (PES) based on an extension of the vibronic-coupling Hamiltonian model (diabatization method by ansatz), which depends on the most active degrees of freedom. The main objective of these quantum dynamics simulations is to provide a set of str…

010304 chemical physicsChemistryQuantum dynamicsDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)General Physics and AstronomyHartreeConical intersection010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPotential energyMolecular physics0104 chemical sciences[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbols.namesakeStark effectComputational chemistry0103 physical sciences[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGround stateAdiabatic processComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
researchProduct

Germanium Dicarbide: Evidence for a T-Shaped Ground State Structure

2017

The equilibrium structure of germanium dicarbide GeC2 has been an open question since the late 1950s. Although most high-level quantum calculations predict an L-shaped geometry, a T-shaped or even a linear geometry cannot be ruled out because of the very flat potential energy surface. By recording the rotational spectrum of this dicarbide using sensitive microwave and millimeter techniques, we unambiguously establish that GeC2 adopts a vibrationally averaged T-shaped structure in its ground state. From analysis of 14 isotopologues, a precise r0 structure has been derived, yielding a Ge–C bond length of 1.952(1) A and an apex angle of 38.7(2)°.

010304 chemical physicsChemistrychemistry.chemical_elementLinear molecular geometryGermanium02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsBond lengthCrystallography0103 physical sciencesPotential energy surfaceGeneral Materials ScienceMillimeterIsotopologuePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyGround stateMicrowaveThe Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
researchProduct

Dynamics of the excited-state hydrogen transfer in a (dG)·(dC) homopolymer: intrinsic photostability of DNA

2018

Multiscale molecular dynamics simulations reveal out-of-plane distortions that favour DNA photostability. A novel photostability mechanism involving four proton transfers and triggered by a nearby Na+ ion is also unveiled.

010304 chemical physicsProtonChemistryBase pairGuanineGeneral ChemistryHydrogen atom010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesNucleobase[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryChemical physicsExcited state0103 physical sciencesMolecule[CHIM]Chemical SciencesGround stateComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
researchProduct

Climatic conditions influence emerging mycotoxin presence in wheat grown in Romania – A 2-year survey

2017

Abstract The correlation between the occurrence of four enniatins (ENA, ENA1, ENB, and ENB1) and beauvericin (BEA) and the weather parameters during anthesis and preharvest period was studied in 97 wheat samples collected in 2014 and 2015 across three counties from central and south Romania (Brasov, Dâmboviţa, and Teleorman). The highest mean values of ENA (16.1 μg kg −1 ) and ENB (147.1 μg kg −1 ) were measured in the samples from Brasov county in the harvest year 2015, whereas for ENA1 and ENB1 the highest means (55.2 μg kg −1 , and 108.0 μg kg −1 , respectively) were noted in samples from Teleorman county in 2014. Statistically significant differences ( P r s  = 0.8745 and r s  = 0.9326;…

010401 analytical chemistry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesBiology040401 food science01 natural sciencesBeauvericin0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyAnimal sciencechemistryAnthesisPreharvestMycotoxinAgronomy and Crop ScienceCrop Protection
researchProduct

Phosphasalen group IV metal complexes: synthesis, characterization and ring opening polymerization of lactide.

2020

International audience; We report the synthesis of a series of Zr and Ti complexes bearing phosphasalen which differs from salen by the incorporation of two P atoms in the ligand backbone. The reaction of phosphasalen proligands (1a-1c)H2 with Zr(CH2Ph)4 led to different products depending on the nature of the N,N-linker in the ligand. In case of ethylene-linked phosphasalen, octahedral Zr complex 2a formed as a single stereoisomer in trans geometry. With the phenylene linker, it was shown by dynamic NMR spectroscopy that complex 2b exists as a mixture of trans and cis-β isomers in solution, both enantiomers (Δ and Λ) of the cis-β isomer being in fast equilibrium with respect to the NMR tim…

010402 general chemistryLIGANDS SYNTHESIS01 natural sciencesRing-opening polymerizationCoordination complexInorganic ChemistryINDIUM COMPLEXESOctahedral molecular geometry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesSALALEN COMPLEXESCYCLIC ESTERSCOORDINATION CHEMISTRYZIRCONIUM COMPLEXES; COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; SALALEN COMPLEXES; LIGANDS SYNTHESIS; INDIUM COMPLEXES; SALEN LIGANDS; CYCLIC ESTERS; INITIATORS; CATALYSIS; ALUMINUMchemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryLigandCATALYSISCationic polymerizationNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyALUMINUM0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistrySALEN LIGANDSAlkoxy groupINITIATORS[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/OtherIsomerizationZIRCONIUM COMPLEXESDalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
researchProduct

The first example of cofacial bis(dipyrrins)

2016

International audience; Two series of cofacial bis(dipyrrins) were prepared and their photophysical properties as well as their bimolecular fluorescence quenching with C-60 were investigated. DFT and TDDFT computations were also performed as a modeling tool to address the nature of the fluorescence state and the possible inter-chromophore interactions. Clearly, there is no evidence for such interactions and the bimolecular quenching of fluorescence, in comparison with mono-dipyrrins, indicates that C-60-bis(dipyrrin) contacts occur from the outside of the "mouth" of the cofacial structure.

010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciences[ CHIM ] Chemical SciencesCatalysisTransition metalexcitation-energiesmolecular-orbital methodsorganometallic compoundsMaterials Chemistry[CHIM]Chemical Sciencessinglet energy transfersdensity-functional theoryvalence basis-setsGroup 2 organometallic chemistryQuenching (fluorescence)010405 organic chemistryChemistryGeneral ChemistryTime-dependent density functional theorytransition-metalsFluorescence0104 chemical scienceslight-harvesting systems2nd-row elementsDensity functional theoryextended basis-sets
researchProduct