Search results for "GSM"

Is the French mobile phone cartel really a cartel?

2009

International audience; France Telecom (FT), SFR and Bouygues Telecom (BT) have been fined by France's Conseil de la Concurrence (CC) for organizing a mobile phone cartel with stable market shares (one-half, one-third and one-sixth, respectively) and for directly exchanging commercial information. While not contesting the legal decision, it is argued here that the economic reasoning is flawed. (1) As the CC made much of the firms' stable market shares, we have first followed this line of reasoning by considering that the market shares are quotas under uniform costs. Even if there is a general incentive to form a monopolistic cartel, BT was too small for it to be worth its while to join it; it i…

Image Quality Assessment Measure Based on Natural Image Statistics in the Tetrolet Domain

2012

This paper deals with a reduced reference (RR) image quality measure based on natural image statistics modeling. For this purpose, Tetrolet transform is used since it provides a convenient way to capture local geometric structures. This transform is applied to both reference and distorted images. Then, Gaussian Scale Mixture (GSM) is proposed to model subbands in order to take account statistical dependencies between tetrolet coefficients. In order to quantify the visual degradation, a measure based on Kullback Leibler Divergence (KLD) is provided. The proposed measure was tested on the Cornell VCL A-57 dataset and compared with other measures according to FR-TV1 VQEG framework.

Instruction für die Ordnungsmänner (урядники) des kurländischen Gouvernements

1888

Latvijas skolēnu morālā rakstura attīstīšana: 1. mērījuma rezultāti (2022. gada pavasarī, 2., 5. un 7. klase)

2022

Latvijas Zinātnes padomes finansētā projekta ietvaros (2022-2024) Latvijas Universitātes zinātnieku komanda veic longitudinālu pētījumu par skolēnu tikumisko izaugsmi. Pētījums veikts Latvijas likumdošanas (Izglītības līkuma 10.1 panta “Izglītība un tikumība” un MK noteikumos (Nr. 480) noteikto vadlīniju par tikumisko audzināšanu) kontekstā, ņemot vērā arī projekta “Skola2030” pamatnostādnes par vērtībām un tikumiem jaunajā izglītības saturā. Pētījuma jautājumi, kas ievirzīja pētniecisko procesu un uz kuriem šajā ziņojumā tiek sniegtas atbildes, ir šādi: Kā skolēni saprot, kas ir un kā notiek morālā izaugsme? Vai viņi ir ieinteresēti un vēlas iesaistīties savā morālajā izaugsmē? Kāda ir viņ…

No effects of mobile phone use on cortical auditory change-detection in children: an ERP study

2010

We investigated the effect of mobile phone use on the auditory sensory memory in children. Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs), P1, N2, mismatch negativity (MMN), and P3a, were recorded from 17 children, aged 11–12 years, in the recently developed multi-feature paradigm. This paradigm allows one to determine the neural change-detection profile consisting of several different types of acoustic changes. During the recording, an ordinary GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) mobile phone emitting 902 MHz (pulsed at 217 Hz) electromagnetic field (EMF) was placed on the ear, over the left or right temporal area (SAR1g = 1.14 W/kg, SAR10g = 0.82 W/kg, peak value = 1.21 W/kg). The EMF…

Effects of Masking on Open-Circuit Voltage and Fill Factor in Solar Cells

2019

Guidelines for the correct measurement protocol of novel photovoltaic technologies such as perovskites are becoming more frequent in literature. This because, as will be confirmed in this perspective, it is not straightforward to correctly measure the efficiency parameters of these and many other novel solar cells. This is particularly the case for small area research devices which are prone to overestimate the short circuit current density, due to edge effects of various types. To reduce the inaccuracy of current density determination, the common recommended practice is to utilize masks with well‐defined apertures, often smaller than the device active area. Herein we show both experimental…

Burner backflow reduction in regeneration furnace

2011

In the present case from the steel industry, waste hydrochloric acid from the pickling process is regenerated using spray roasting. The process is driven by four burners placed symmetrically along the periphery of the cylindrical main section of the reactor. Severe problems with gas backflow and sintering of iron oxide inside the burner chamber have led to a complete shut down of the process 1-2 times every week, which is a frequency which significantly affects the productivity. In this study the influence of a kick-out on the gas flow in the vicinity of the burner chamber is investigated numerically. It is shown that the kick-out geometry creates a vortical low pressure region preventing t…

A penalty-based edge assembly memetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows

2010

In this paper, we present an effective memetic algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW). The paper builds upon an existing edge assembly crossover (EAX) developed for the capacitated VRP. The adjustments of the EAX operator and the introduction of a novel penalty function to eliminate violations of the time window constraint as well as the capacity constraint from offspring solutions generated by the EAX operator have proven essential to the heuristic's performance. Experimental results on Solomon's and Gehring and Homberger benchmarks demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms previous approaches and is able to improve 184 best-known solutions out of 356 instance…

Modelling Mobile Encounter Networks

2006

This article presents mobile encounter networks, which emerge when mobile devices come across each other and form a temporary connection between them using a common short-range radio technology. Local information exchanges between mobile devices results in a broadcast diffusion of information to other users of the network with a delay. In addition to presenting the concept of mobile encounter networks, we also provide an abstract method for describing the information diffusion process inside them. peerReviewed

Mobile Search - Social Network Search Using Mobile Devices Demonstration

2008

Mobile search prototype demonstrates the possibilities of social network search in N800 mobile devices. Search is initiated from a N800 mobile device to search the contacts in mobile device's addressbook. The contacts can be other N800 mobile devices running mobile Web server or normal Web servers in the Internet with Drupal content management system. Mobile device users can select which of their personal information such as phone numbers, calendar data etc. to share via a mobile Web server. The proposed search mechanism has many benefits compared to centralized Web search engines like Google. The search can locate information which is not referenced anywhere and thus allows hidden or rare …