Search results for "GST"

showing 10 items of 874 documents

Confocal spectromicroscopy of amorphous and nanocrystalline tungsten oxide films

2007

A Raman confocal spectromicroscopic system was used to study in situ phase composition and surface morphology in amorphous and nanocrystalline tungsten oxide and tungstate thin films, prepared on silicon and glass substrates by dc magnetron co-sputtering technique. The possible use of these films for the phase-change optical recording was demonstrated using 442 nm He–Cd laser with a variable power of up to 50 mW. The formation of nanocrystalline tungsten trioxide or tungstate phases was observed under the laser irradiation. These nanocrystalline phases show relatively strong Raman activity, which can be used for information reading purposes. A multilayer structure composed of several tungst…

Materials scienceSiliconbusiness.industryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsTungsten trioxideNanocrystalline materialElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakechemistryTungstateMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositessymbolsOptoelectronicsThin filmRaman spectroscopybusinessRaman scatteringJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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<title>Vibrational spectra of tungsten oxides with different lattice topology</title>

1997

It is determined that vibrations of linear chains -O-W-O-W- in tungsten-oxygen network are rather independent. The value of vibrational frequency is determined by asymmetry of O equals W - O bonds.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Materials scienceSolid-state physicsPhononmedia_common.quotation_subjectInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementDielectricTungstenAsymmetrysymbols.namesakechemistryLattice (order)Molecular vibrationsymbolsAtomic physicsRaman spectroscopymedia_commonSPIE Proceedings
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Cutting performance and indentation behaviour of diamond films on Co-cemented tungsten carbide

2000

Abstract Diamond films were grown by Hot Filament Chemical Vapour Deposition (HFCVD) on differently pretreated ISO-grade K10 cemented carbide (WC-5.8 wt.%Co) cutting inserts. Etching with diluted HNO3 and surface roughening by Murakami's reagent were used as substrate pretreatments. The adhesion of the films was evaluated by indentation tests. In order to obtain a reliable estimation of the adhesion by the slope of the crack radius–indentation load curves, a careful SEM measurement of the crack lengths was performed. Bare and diamond-coated cutting inserts were used for turning tests of Al2O3-reinforced aluminum alloy. The adhesion levels obtained from the indentation curves correlated well…

Materials scienceSynthetic diamondSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza e Tecnologia dei MaterialiDiamond filmsSurface finishChemical vapor depositionengineering.materiallaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawTungsten carbideIndentationMaterials ChemistryCutting performanceTungsten carbideSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale e InorganicaMetal matrix compositeMetallurgyDiamondCutting performance; Tungsten carbide; Diamond films; CVD; Indentation behaviourSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCVDSurfaces Coatings and Filmsbody regionschemistryCemented carbideengineeringIndentation behaviour
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WS2 2D Semiconductor Down to Monolayers by Pulsed-Laser Deposition for Large-Scale Integration in Electronics and Spintronics Circuits

2020

International audience; We report on the achievement of a large-scale tungsten disulfide (WS2) 2D semiconducting platform derived by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) on both insulating substrates (SrTiO3), as required for in-plane semiconductor circuit definition, and ferromagnetic spin sources (Ni), as required for spintronics applications. We show thickness and phase control, with highly homogeneous wafer-scale monolayers observed under certain conditions, as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy mappings. Interestingly, growth appears to be dependent on the substrate selection, with a dramatically increased growth rate on Ni substrates. We show that this 2D…

Materials scienceTungsten disulfideWS202 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPulsed laser depositionchemistry.chemical_compoundMonolayerDeposition (phase transition)General Materials ScienceElectronics2D semiconductorsElectronic circuitspintronicsSpintronicsbusiness.industryNanotecnologia021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologypulsed-laser deposition[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics0104 chemical sciencesEspectroscòpia RamanSemiconductorchemistrySemiconductorsRaman spectroscopy[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]OptoelectronicsX-ray photoemission spectroscopy0210 nano-technologybusiness
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<title>Long-term testing results of WO<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></formula>-based electrochromic c…

1997

Two batches of the samples of electrochromic cell with WO3 and IrOx electrodes and Sb2O5 (DOT) water based solid electrolyte were tested at constant contrast ratio up to 107 cycles or stored during five years and the changes of current-voltage characteristics were studied. Two kinds of the changes were observed. The shift of curves along the voltage axis is supposed to be associated with the changes in the oxidation degree of tungsten oxide, while the changes in their shapes are associated with changes of water content in pores. The processes in the samples during cycling and storing are discussed.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the…

Materials sciencechemistryElectrochromismInorganic chemistryElectrodeAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementContrast ratioElectrolyteTungstenWater contentVoltageDegree (temperature)SPIE Proceedings
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<title>Influence of treatment on stability of electrochromic WO<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></formula&g…

1997

The influence of exposure in vacuum of 10-2 - 10-3 Pa and temperature treatment at 720 - 730 K in water vapor atmosphere on stability of tungsten oxide films in 0.1 N H2SO4 electrolyte were studied. The processes that take place during the film exposure in vacuum, determine the reduction of charge injection at the constant voltage change condition. In the case of temperature treatment the opposite changes of charge injection were observed. This indicates to opposite processes in films during both expositions. According to exposures characters, they could be a reduction of tungsten oxide initiated by oxygen evacuation from film in vacuum and film oxidation in water vapor media at high temper…

Materials sciencechemistryInfraredElectrochromismElectrodeInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrolyteTungstenOxygenWater vaporIonSPIE Proceedings
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Advanced approach to the local structure reconstruction and theory validation on the example of the W L 3 -edge extended x-ray absorption fine struct…

2018

The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the ELETTRA XAFS beamline staff members during the EXAFS experiment No 20150303. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission.

Materials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyEdge (geometry)Tungsten01 natural sciencesLocal structureTungstenCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials Science010306 general physicsReverse Monte Carlo simulationsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureMolecular dynamics simulationsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsComputer Science ApplicationsComputational physicsEXAFSchemistryMechanics of MaterialsModeling and Simulation0210 nano-technologyModelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering
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An epitaxial hexagonal tungsten bronze as precursor for WO3 nanorods on mica.

2008

International audience; Tungsten oxide nanorods are grown at atmospheric pressure and low temperature (360 1C), by sublimation of WO3 and condensation on mica substrates. The nanorods are characterized by atomic force microscopy, high-resolution electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high energy electron diffraction. The experimental results evidence the formation of a hexagonal tungsten bronze at the nanorod–substrate interface. The epitaxial relationships of the nanorods on mica are determined and the role of epitaxial orientation of the interfacial bronze in the nanorod growth and morphology are discussed.

Materials sciencechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyTungsten bronzes02 engineering and technologyTungstenengineering.material010402 general chemistryEpitaxy01 natural scienceslaw.inventionInorganic ChemistrylawMaterials ChemistryBronzeGrowth from vapourVapour phase epitaxyOxides021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesNanostructureschemistryElectron diffractionChemical engineeringPACS 61.46.Km 68.37.Og 68.37.Ps 81.07.bengineeringNanorodSublimation (phase transition)MicaElectron microscope0210 nano-technology
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Teacher trainees' experiences of the components of ICT competencies and key factors in ICT competence development in work-based vocational teacher tr…

2022

International journal for research in vocational education and training 9 (2022) 2, S. 146-166

MedienkompetenzLehrerausbildungBerufsschuleeducational technologyDigitale MedienPupil EvaluationBerufs- und WirtschaftspädagogikMedia competence370 Erziehung Schul- und Bildungswesendigitalizationammatilliset opettajat20100Questionnaire surveyinformation technologytyössäoppiminenComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONFragebogenerhebungBildung und ErziehungFinlandWork-Based Learningteaching staffWork-Based Learning; Teacher ICT Competencies; Vocational Education and Training VETUtilization of mediavocational educationInformations- und KommunikationstechnologieLehre und Studium Professionalisierung und Ethik Organisationen und Verbände der ErziehungswissenschaftVocational Training Adult EducationLehrpersonalcommunication technologyStudent teachersneue TechnologieBerufsbildungTeacher ICT Competenciesnew technologyLernumgebungEducational Environment370 EducationLehramtsstudentKompetenzInhaltsanalyseDigitalisierungLeistungsbeurteilungTeacher educationInteractionErziehung Schul- und Bildungswesentieto- ja viestintätekniikkaVocational school for apprenticescompetenceMedia skillsEducationBildungswesen quartärer Bereich BerufsbildungAchievement testddc:370Qualitative researchErwachsenenbildung / WeiterbildungMediennutzungVocational Education and TrainingKommunikationstechnologieddc:330LehrerbildungTraining Teaching and Studying Professional Organizations of Education and PedagogicsComputerunterstütztes VerfahrenUtilisation of mediaInformationstechnologieInteraktionTeacher TrainingLearning environmentQualitative ForschungTechnological Changeberufliche Weiterbildungammatillinen opettajankoulutusFinnlandadvanced vocational educationTeacher trainingAchievement measurementammatillinen kehitysBildungstechnologiekompetenssiVET10600Content analysis
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Assessment and application of MODIS ocean and land algorithms for the characterization of aerosol properties over a Mediterranean coastal site

2015

Abstract The aerosol optical depth (AOD) and Angstrom exponent (α) obtained from MODIS Terra and Aqua over the coastal urban site of Burjassot (Spain) during the period 2002–2011 have been compared with retrievals from AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) and ESR (European Skynet Radiometers) in order to investigate the performance of MODIS algorithms over land and ocean, respectively. The comparison of the MODIS aerosol products C051 over both land and ocean has been performed for a window size of 50 km × 50 km centred on the monitoring site. The correlation coefficients obtained from the comparison of the AOD from MODIS with that from ground-based measurements are 0.85 and 0.87 over land for…

Mediterranean climateAtmosphereAtmospheric ScienceAngstrom exponentRadiometerSKYNETEnvironmental scienceAtmospheric sciencesMonitoring siteAlgorithmAerosolAERONETAtmospheric Research
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