Search results for "Gamma"
showing 10 items of 3093 documents
PPARγ as an indicator of vascular function in an experimental model of metabolic syndrome in rabbits
2021
Abstract Background and aims Underlying mechanisms associated with vascular dysfunction in metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unclear and can even vary from one vascular bed to another. Methods In this study, MetS was induced by a high-fat, high-sucrose diet, and after 28 weeks, aorta and renal arteries were removed and used for isometric recording of tension in organ baths, protein expression by Western blot, and histological analysis to assess the presence of atherosclerosis. Results MetS induced a mild hypertension, pre-diabetes, central obesity and dyslipidaemia. Our results indicated that MetS did not change the contractile response in either the aorta or renal artery. Conversely, vasodi…
Focal elevation of liver microsomal epoxide hydrolase in early preneoplastic stages and its behaviour in the further course of hepatocarcinogenesis.
1981
Abstract Treatment of rats with N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) for 7 weeks led to a focal increase in liver microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EH) as early as 2 weeks after withdrawal of the carcinogen. This treatment also leads to hyperplastic nodules and liver tumors, but much later. At the same early time point, ATPase activity was decreased in the same islands. Most of these areas already had increased γ-glutamyltranspeptidase activity. The increase in EH at this early time point was more distinct than the decrease in ATPase which has thus far been considered a suitable marker of the earliest stages in hepatocarcinogenesis. The focal increase in EH was also observed in all benign hepatomas, but n…
When a death apparently associated to sexual assault is instead a natural death due to idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: The importance of gamma…
2017
We here report a case involving a 21-year-old female, found dead in a central square of a city in the south of Italy. Initial evidences and circumstances were suggestive of a death associated with a sexual assault. Two peripheral blood and two vitreous humor samples were collected for the purpose of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) testing from the dead body at two different post-mortem intervals (PMIs): approximately 2 (t0) and 36 (t1) hours. The obtained results showed that, between t0 and t1, there was an increase of GHB concentrations in peripheral blood and vitreous humor of 66.3% and 8.1%, respectively. This case was the first evidence of GHB post mortem production in a dead body and n…
Role of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in the regulation of amino acid translocation
1989
Amino acid translocation was studied in the mammary gland of lactating rats and in the placenta of pregnant rats. The uptake of amino acids by the mammary gland is maximal on days 10-14 of lactation and is minimal on days 19-21. However, on day 19 maximal uptake can be restored by injection of 1) small amounts of gamma-glutamyl amino acids, 2) 5-oxoproline, and 3) an inhibitor of 5-oxoprolinase. A severe decrease in uptake of amino acids at the peak of lactation is provoked by anthglutin, an inhibitor of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT). Simultaneous injection of 5-oxoproline blocks these effects of anthglutin. In pregnant rats, inhibition (79%) of placental GGT activity by acivicin resul…
Effects of cytokines on synthesis and function of the hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor
1994
In this study we have investigated whether cytokines, critical mediators of the immune response, might have a direct effect on the expression and/or function of the human hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR). Binding and uptake of asialoglycoproteins by the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, and by freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were inhibited by 50% after 3-6 hours and completely abolished following a 24 hour exposure to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, interferon (INF) alpha or gamma, or interleukin-2 (IL-2). The loss of ASGPR binding activity mediated by IL-2 was reversible up to 4 hours of exposure and accompanied by the selective phosphorylation of the cell-surface receptor. S…
Papel del médico de familia en el diagnóstico concomitante de mieloma y amiloidosis primaria en una misma paciente. Caso clínico
2018
Multiple Myeloma is a myeloproliferative disorder of plasma cells, which may be complicated with secondary amyloidosis. We report a 48 year old woman consulting to primary care for weight loss and malaise. An initial laboratory study revealed a hypogammaglobulinemia with a monoclonal component and lambda light chains. These results motivated her derivation to hematology: her serum calcium was 11.8 mg/dl, immunofluorescence showed a monoclonal component of lambda chains and urine Bence-Jones protein was positive. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed plasma cell infiltration. A Congo-red stain of a rectal biopsy was positive. The patient was treated with thalidomide, bortezomid and dexamethasone.
Sodium Oxybate Therapy for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome and Keeping of Alcohol Abstinence
2018
BACKGROUND Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB or sodium oxybate) is both an exogenous and endogenous molecule with neuromodulator properties. In the United States, GHB is an approved drug for the treatment of narcolepsy and narcolepsy with cataplexy in adults. In some European Union countries, sodium oxybate is applied for the treatment of opioid and alcohol withdrawal. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review was to describe the state of art of the pre-clinical research and the clinical evidence related to GHB used alone or in combination with other treatments in alcohol withdrawal syndrome and alcohol abstinence maintenance. METHOD Internationally published pre-clinical findings and clinical studi…
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages reveal accessory cell function and synthesis of MHC class I…
1988
The antigen-mediated activation of a number of T cell clones by bone marrow (BM) cells cultivated in the presence of various colony-stimulating factor (CSF) preparations was investigated. BM macrophages (BMM phi) grown in L929 cell supernatant as a crude source of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) as well as BM cells propagated in the presence of recombinant M-CSF exhibited transient antigen presentation potential to some T cell clones, being maximal on day 7 and having declined to a low level by day 19 of in vitro culture. Treatment of these long-term-cultivated BMM phi populations with recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) resulted in predominant antigen presentation capacit…
Diagnóstico de la tuberculosis en la edad pediátrica. Documento de consenso de la Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP) y la Sociedad E…
2010
Resumen: La tuberculosis continúa siendo uno de los problemas sanitarios más importantes en el mundo. En países desarrollados se está asistiendo a un aumento de casos, incluidos los niños, por diferentes motivos. El más determinante parece ser la inmigración procedente de zonas con elevada endemia de tuberculosis.Es prioritario que se establezcan las medidas necesarias para optimizar el diagnóstico precoz y adecuado de las distintas formas clínicas de tuberculosis en niños. Para ello, la Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica (SEIP) y la Sociedad Española de Neumología Pediátrica (SENP), ambas pertenecientes Asociación Española de Pediatría, han decidido realizar el presente documento…
Sentinel lymph node imaging in urologic oncology
2018
Lymph node (LN) metastases in urological malignancies correlate with poor oncological outcomes. Accurate LN staging is of great importance since patients can benefit from an optimal staging, accordingly aligned therapy and more radical treatments. Current conventional cross-sectional imaging modalities [e.g., computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] are not accurate enough to reliably detect early LN metastases as they rely on size criteria. Radical lymphadenectomy, the surgical removal of regional LNs, is the gold standard of invasive LN staging. The LN dissection is guided by anatomic considerations of lymphatic drainage pathways of the primary tumor. Selection of pa…