Search results for "General Physics"

showing 10 items of 13583 documents

Angular Pseudomomentum Theory for the Generalized Nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger Equation in Discrete Rotational Symmetry Media

2009

We develop a complete mathematical theory for the symmetrical solutions of the generalized nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation based on the new concept of angular pseudomomentum. We consider the symmetric solitons of a generalized nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with a nonlinearity depending on the modulus of the field. We provide a rigorous proof of a set of mathematical results justifying that these solitons can be classified according to the irreducible representations of a discrete group. Then we extend this theory to non-stationary solutions and study the relationship between angular momentum and pseudomomentum. We illustrate these theoretical results with numerical examples. Finally, we…

Angular momentumRotational symmetryFOS: Physical sciencesMultidimensional discrete solitonsPattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasSchrödinger equationsymbols.namesake0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsNonlinear Schrodinger equationNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsNonlinear Schrödinger equationMathematicsAngular pseudomomentumMathematical analysisFísicaStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsNonlinear Sciences - Pattern Formation and SolitonsMathematical theoryCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterNonlinear systemClassical mechanicsIrreducible representationsymbolsDiscrete symmetry mediaSolitonMATEMATICA APLICADAOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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The Stern-Gerlach experiment revisited

2016

The Stern-Gerlach-Experiment (SGE) of 1922 is a seminal benchmark experiment of quantum physics providing evidence for several fundamental properties of quantum systems. Based on today's knowledge we illustrate the different benchmark results of the SGE for the development of modern quantum physics and chemistry. The SGE provided the first direct experimental evidence for angular momentum quantization in the quantum world and thus also for the existence of directional quantization of all angular momenta in the process of measurement. It measured for the first time a ground state property of an atom, it produced for the first time a `spin-polarized' atomic beam, it almost revealed the electr…

Angular momentumStern–Gerlach experimentSpin statesPhysics - History and Philosophy of PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeQuantization (physics)Theoretical physics0103 physical sciencessymbolsHistory and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)Einstein010306 general physicsGround stateMolecular beamQuantumThe European Physical Journal H
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High‐nuclearity mixed‐valence magnetic clusters : A general solution of the double exchange problem

1996

We report here a general solution of the double‐exchange problem in the high‐nuclearity mixed valence systems containing arbitrary number P of the electrons delocalized over the network of N (P<N) localized spins. The developed approach is based on the successive (chainlike) spin‐coupling scheme and takes full advantage from the quantum angular momentum theory. In the framework of this approach the closed‐form analytical expressions are deduced for the matrix elements of the double exchange interaction, two‐electron transfer, and three‐center interaction that can be referred to as the potential exchange transfer. For the arbitrary nuclearity mixed‐valence systems the matrix elements of all …

Angular momentumValence (chemistry)SpinsChemistryExchange interactionExchange InteractionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectron TransferQuantum numberLocalized StatesUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaDelocalized electronMolecular ClustersQuantum mechanicsMixed−Valence CompoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMatrix ElementsSpin−Lattice Relaxation:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Exchange Interactions ; Molecular Clusters ; Matrix Elements ; Electron Transfer ; Localized States ; Spin−Lattice Relaxation ; Mixed−Valence CompoundsQuantumBasis set
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The Ã 1Au state and the T2 potential surface of acetylene: Implications for triplet perturbations in the fluorescence spectra of the à state

1996

The cis–trans isomerization reaction on the T2 surface of acetylene and the lowest excited singlet state of acetylene, A 1Au, are investigated by ab initio electronic structure theory. We report optimized geometries, dipole moments, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of stationary points and adiabatic energy differences between them using basis sets as large as triple‐ζ plus double polarization with higher angular momentum functions, TZ(2df,2pd), and theoretical methods up to coupled‐cluster singles and doubles with a perturbative triples correction [CCSD(T)] and the equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster method (EOM‐CCSD). Our theoretical predictions should aid the interpretation of observat…

Angular momentumZeeman effectChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureQuantum chemistryPotential energyDipolesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundAcetylenePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Counterdiabatic vortex pump in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

2017

Topological phase imprinting is a well-established technique for deterministic vortex creation in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates of alkali metal atoms. It was recently shown that counter-diabatic quantum control may accelerate vortex creation in comparison to the standard adiabatic protocol and suppress the atom loss due to nonadiabatic transitions. Here we apply this technique, assisted by an optical plug, for vortex pumping to theoretically show that sequential phase imprinting up to 20 cycles generates a vortex with a very large winding number. Our method significantly increases the fidelity of the pump for rapid pumping compared to the case without the counter-diabatic control, leadin…

Angular momentumalkali metalsQuantum controlFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencestopological phase imprinting010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionlawQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsAdiabatic processPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesSpinorta114Winding numberBose-Einstein condensatesVortexNumerical integrationvortex pumpsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBose–Einstein condensatealkalimetallitPhysical Review A
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Ferromagnetic gyroscopes for tests of fundamental physics

2020

A ferromagnetic gyroscope (FG) is a ferromagnet whose angular momentum is dominated by electron spin polarization and that will precess under the action of an external torque, such as that due to a magnetic field. Here we model and analyze FG dynamics and sensitivity, focusing on practical schemes for experimental realization. In the case of a freely floating FG, we model the transition from dynamics dominated by libration in relatively high externally applied magnetic fields, to those dominated by precession at relatively low applied fields. Measurement of the libration frequency enables in situ measurement of the magnetic field and a technique to reduce the field below the threshold for w…

Angular momentumgyroscopePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Materials Science (miscellaneous)physics beyond the standard modelFOS: Physical sciencesApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)01 natural sciences530Physics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmasMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesLibrationddc:530Electrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsLarmor precessionSuperconductivityPhysicsQuantum PhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsMeissner effectFerromagnetism gyroscope physics beyond the standard model Meissner effectPhysics - Applied PhysicsferromagnetismAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMagnetic fieldMeissner effectFerromagnetismPrecessionQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Local Berry curvature signatures in dichroic angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy from two-dimensional materials

2020

Orbital polarization and Berry curvature signatures are mapped out by circular dichroism in angle-resolved photoemission.

Angular momentumtopologyAb initioPhysics::OpticsPosition and momentum spaceAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy02 engineering and technologyDichroic glass01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceQuantum mechanicsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsResearch ArticlesPhysicsMultidisciplinaryPhysicsSciAdv r-articles021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyARPESCondensed Matter PhysicsDensity functional theoryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsBerry connection and curvatureMathematics::Differential Geometry0210 nano-technologyGround stateResearch Article
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Homogeneous Langmuir-Blodgett Film of Double-Chain Ammonium Amphiphile Complexed with Anionic Polymer

1988

Heterogeneous textures suggesting the coexistence of a fluid and a solid phase were found both in a surface monolayer and in a deposited Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film of double-chain ammonium amphiphiles by fluorescence microscopy. Although an annealing of the surface monolayer at 40°C allowed crystal growth, the heterogeneous phase separation remained in the LB film. A drastic change of the fluorescence image shows that the recrystallization of the complexed monolayer with anionic polymers conducted the homogeneous monolayer.

Anionic addition polymerizationChemical engineeringAnnealing (metallurgy)ChemistryPhase (matter)AmphiphileMonolayerGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrganic chemistryCrystal growthLangmuir–Blodgett filmPolyelectrolyteJapanese Journal of Applied Physics
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Watching adsorption and electron beam induced decomposition on the model system Mo(CO)(6)/Cu(111) by X-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopies

2013

Abstract An in-depth study of the first steps of electron beam assisted growth of Mo from molybdenum hexacarbonyl on Cu(1 1 1) has been carried out exploiting the complementarity of X-ray photoemission and X-ray absorption spectroscopies. Frank van der Merwe (2D) growth mode has been observed for the completion of the two first monolayers of adsorbed molecules through a simple physisorption process. Irradiation of the Mo(CO)6 deposit by 1 keV electron beam induces a modification of molybdenum coordination, the average number of C-neighbors decreasing from 6 to 3. Decomposed molecules remain on the surface after annealing at 520 K and organize themselves, the molybdenum atoms moving in Cu(1 …

Annealing (metallurgy)General Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsMolybdenum hexacarbonylSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMetalCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionPhysisorptionchemistryMolybdenumvisual_artMonolayerElectron beam processingvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical chemistry
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Photoelectrochemical evidence of nitrogen incorporation during anodizing sputtering--deposited Al-Ta alloys.

2015

Anodic films were grown to 20 V on sputtering-deposited Al–Ta alloys in ammonium biborate and borate buffer solutions. According to glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, anodizing in ammonium containing solution leads to the formation of N containing anodic layers. Impedance measurements did not evidence significant differences between the dielectric properties of the anodic films as a function of the anodizing electrolyte. Photoelectrochemical investigation allowed evidencing that N incorporation induces a red-shift in the light absorption threshold of the films due to the formation of allowed localized states inside their mobility gap. The estimated Fowler threshold for the intern…

AnodizingChemistry020209 energyAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyElectrolyteElectronDielectric021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNitrogenAnodePhysics and Astronomy (all)Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataSputtering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringDensity of statesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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