Search results for "Generation"

Second- and third-harmonic generation as a local probe for nanocrystal-doped polymer materials with a suppressed optical breakdown threshold

2003

Abstract Second- and third-harmonic generation processes are shown to allow the detection of absorptive agglomerates of nanocrystals in transparent materials and the visualization of optical breakdown in nanocomposite materials. Correlations between laser-induced breakdown and the behavior of the second- and third-harmonic signals produced in SiC/PMMA nanocomposite films are studied. The potential of second- and third-harmonic generation for the on-line visualization of laser breakdown in nanocomposite polymer materials is revealed, with the ablative material removal being monitored by the decay of the second- and third-harmonic signals. The second and third harmonics generated around the o…

Nanorings driven by strong laser fields: dynamics and applications

Fourth‐generation glucose sensors composed of copper nanostructures for diabetes management: A critical review

2022

Abstract More than five decades have been invested in understanding glucose biosensors. Yet, this immensely versatile field has continued to gain attention from the scientific world to better understand and diagnose diabetes. However, such extensive work done to improve glucose sensing devices has still not yielded desirable results. Drawbacks like the necessity of the invasive finger‐pricking step and the lack of optimization of diagnostic interventions still need to be considered to improve the testing process of diabetic patients. To upgrade the glucose‐sensing devices and reduce the number of intermediary steps during glucose measurement, fourth‐generation glucose sensors (FGGS) have be…

Cerium oxyhydroxide nanowire growth via electrogeneration of base in nonaqueous electrolytes

2008

The preparation of compact cerium oxyhydroxide nanowires into anodic alumina membranes from cerium chloride in ethanol solution via electrogeneration of base is reported. Scanning electron microscopy analyses indicate that dense, well-aligned, and highly ordered nanowires can be formed in a wide range of applied potentials and current densities in alcoholic solution. The employment of water brings to a hybrid nanotube/nanowire structure, suggesting a key role of the electrolyte nature in determining the morphology of the deposit. Electrochemical findings and X-ray diffraction analysis have shown that nanowires are constituted by a Ce(III)/Ce(IV) oxyhydroxide that can be completely oxidized …

Chemical modification of halloysite nanotubes for controlled loading and release.

2020

Clay minerals have been used for medical purposes from ancient times. Among them, the halloysite nanotube, an aluminosilicate of the kaolin group, is an emerging nanomaterial which possesses peculiar chemical characteristics. By means of suitable modifications, such as supramolecular functionalization or covalent modifications, it is possible to obtain novel nanomaterials with tunable properties for several applications. In this context the covalent grafting of suitable organic moieties on the external surface or in the halloysite lumen has been exploited to improve the loading and release of several biologically active molecules. The resulting hybrid nanomaterials have been applied as drug…

Cooperation and cultural transmission in a coordination game

2009

Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyze if cooperation can be the product of cultural evolution in a two-stage coordination game, consisting of a production stage followed by a negotiation phase. We present an overlapping generations model with cultural transmission of preferences where the distribution of preferences in the population and the strategies are determined endogenously and simultaneously. There are several groups in the society; some of them play cooperatively and others do not. Socialization takes place inside the group, but there is a positive rate of migration among groups which parents anticipate. Our main result shows that all groups converge to the cooperative equili…

Low-Prandtl Number Natural Convection in Volumetrically Heated Rectangular Enclosures - II. Square Cavity, AR=1

2001

Low-Prandtl Number Natural Convection in Volumetrically Heated Rectangular Enclosures - I. Slender Cavity, AR=4

2000

A renewable energy mix to supply small islands. A comparative study applied to Balearic Islands and Fiji

2019

Abstract Power plants supplied by renewables are expanding around the world, increasing the sustainability of the energy sector. In this context, small islands are heavily reliant on fossil fuels. However, this paper shows that the same problem can be found also in small islands belonging to developed countries. To increase the energy sustainability of small islands, the authors assembled a simplified mathematical approach to evaluate the potential electricity production, exploiting the local available energy sources: solar, wind and sea wave. The mathematical model requires few information in input, such as climatic data about the local energy sources and technical features on the selected…

The Energy Market Impact of Climate Change on Electricity Generation in Europe

2018

In this paper, the policy trend in Europe towards the emission reduction target in the energy sector, as planned from the Paris Agreement, is analyzed. Although renewable energy sources are improving their share, the large use of coal as primary fuel and the uncertainty about nuclear production makes the transition hard. It's well known that future emission patterns from energy generation influence the climate change trend, but as shown in the following, there is also a reverse interrelation, due to the different environmental conditions caused by climate change affecting all generation technologies. Furthermore, energy prices, which derive from this changed framework likewise will influenc…