Search results for "Genetic Structures"
showing 10 items of 2107 documents
Colour and luminance contrasts predict the human detection of natural stimuli in complex visual environments.
2017
Much of what we know about human colour perception has come from psychophysical studies conducted in tightly-controlled laboratory settings. An enduring challenge, however, lies in extrapolating this knowledge to the noisy conditions that characterize our actual visual experience. Here we combine statistical models of visual perception with empirical data to explore how chromatic (hue/saturation) and achromatic (luminant) information underpins the detection and classification of stimuli in a complex forest environment. The data best support a simple linear model of stimulus detection as an additive function of both luminance and saturation contrast. The strength of each predictor is modest …
The montrachet study
2016
National audience; Summary The Montrachet Study (Maculopathy Optic Nerve nuTRition neurovAsCular and HEarT diseases) is a population‐based derived from the 3C Study performed in Dijon. In 2009–2011, 1153 participants from the 3 Cities Study, aged 75 years or more, had an initial eye examination. Apart from the old age of this population, the main interest is that information on cardiovascular and neurologic diseases and a large comprehensive database (blood samples, genetic testing, cognitive tests, MRI) were available. Our first results showed us that despite the high prevalence of self‐reported eye diseases in this elderly population, visual impairment was low and increased with age. Thes…
Effect of in-office bleaching gels with calcium or fluoride on color, roughness, and enamel microhardness
2019
Background Commercial bleaching gels with remineralizing agents were developed to reduce the adverse effects of dental bleaching. The present study evaluated the effects on teeth of in-office bleaching gels containing 35-40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) with Calcium (Ca) or Fluoride (F). Material and methods Bovine enamel/dentin blocks (4x4x2.5 mm) were randomly divided into the following groups (n=12): no treatment (control); 35% HP (Whiteness HP, FGM); 35% HP with Ca (Whiteness HP Blue, FGM); 40% HP with F (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent). The specimens were analyzed for color (ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE), roughness (Ra), and Knoop microhardness (KHN). The color and KHN data were submitted to ANOVA an…
Cancer patterns in Karachi (all districts), Pakistan: First results (2010-2015) from a Pathology based cancer registry of the largest government-run …
2016
National level population-based cancer data have never been published from Pakistan in seven decades since independence (1947). Therefore, generation of high-quality regional data becomes highly relevant. Cancer data for the period of 2010-2015 representing the population from all districts of Karachi (14.6 million) are presented herein. After institutional approval (Ref no. IRB-459/DUHS/-14), a Pathology based cancer registry was established at the largest government-run diagnostic and reference center of Karachi. During 2010-2015, a total of 13,508 cancers (including 686 non-melanoma-skin-cancers (NMSC)) were diagnosed. Of these, 5665 (41.9%) were in males while 7843 (58.1%) were in femal…
Effects of Study Population, Labeling and Training on Glaucoma Detection Using Deep Learning Algorithms
2020
Author(s): Christopher, Mark; Nakahara, Kenichi; Bowd, Christopher; Proudfoot, James A; Belghith, Akram; Goldbaum, Michael H; Rezapour, Jasmin; Weinreb, Robert N; Fazio, Massimo A; Girkin, Christopher A; Liebmann, Jeffrey M; De Moraes, Gustavo; Murata, Hiroshi; Tokumo, Kana; Shibata, Naoto; Fujino, Yuri; Matsuura, Masato; Kiuchi, Yoshiaki; Tanito, Masaki; Asaoka, Ryo; Zangwill, Linda M | Abstract: PurposeTo compare performance of independently developed deep learning algorithms for detecting glaucoma from fundus photographs and to evaluate strategies for incorporating new data into models.MethodsTwo fundus photograph datasets from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study/African Descent…
Peripapillary fluorescence lifetime reveals age-dependent changes using fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy in rats
2017
Abstract Many fundus diseases accompany fundus autofluorescence change. Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscope (FLIO) is a latest technique in imaging fundus autofluorescence. With FLIO, the fundus fluorescence lifetime (FLT) is recorded topographically, assisting to diagnose and monitor multiple fundus diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of FLT using FLIO on adult rats and to analyze the age-dependency of the peripapillary FLT of the fundus in a short spectral channel (498–560 nm) and a long spectral channel (560–720 nm). Sprague Dawley rats (n of eyes = 10) were used for repeatability experiments. Age-dependent changes were investigated in young (tw…
Subchronic vortioxetine treatment -but not escitalopram- enhances pyramidal neuron activity in the rat prefrontal cortex.
2017
Abstract Vortioxetine (VOR) is a multimodal antidepressant drug. VOR is a 5-HT 3 -R, 5-HT 7 -R and 5-HT 1D -R antagonist, 5-HT 1B -R partial agonist, 5-HT 1A -R agonist, and serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibitor. VOR shows pro-cognitive activity in animal models and beneficial effects on cognitive dysfunction in major depressive patients. Here we compared the effects of 14-day treatments with VOR and escitalopram (ESC, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) on neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Ten groups of rats (5 standard, 5 depleted of 5-HT with p -chlorophenylalanine -pCPA-, used as model of cognitive impairment) were fed with control food or with two doses of …
CD36 gene is associated with intraocular pressure elevation after intravitreal application of anti-VEGF agents in patients with age-related macular d…
2017
IF 1.886; International audience; Background: The wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by pathological vascularization of the outer retinal layers. The condition responds to treatment with antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but the patients receiving such anti-VEGF therapy sometimes show undesirable acute short-term increases in the intraocular pressure (IOP). The cause of this adverse effect is unknown, and here, we are testing a hypothesis that it is related to CD36 gene polymorphisms.Materials and Methods: A group of 134 patients with AMD were given three therapeutic doses of anti-VEGF antibody (ranibizumab) at monthly intervals. …
Cumulative visual impact of two coagulability disorders: A case report.
2020
Cumulative visual impact of two coagulability disorders were reviewed by presenting a case of a young female patient with a spontaneous abortion and two thromboembolic events in 8 years, whose visual function was severely affected. The particularities of her genetic constellation regarding the retinal circulation are also discussed. The patient developed a central retinal artery occlusion in the right eye during pregnancy in 2010, which led to an extended hematological workup that revealed presence of MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C heterozygote mutations. The screening for myeloproliferative disorders showed JAK2 V617F gene mutation. Test results confirmed the diagnosis of thrombophilia and e…
Bevacizumab diminishes inflammation in an acute endotoxin-induced uveitis model
2017
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la página web de la revista en la siguiente URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.00649/full Introduction: Uveitis is an eye disease characterized by inflammation of the uvea and an early and exhaustive diagnosis is essential for its treatment. The aim of our study is to assess the potential toxicity and anti-inflammatory efficacy of Bevacizumab in an experimental uveitis model by subcutaneously injecting lipopolysaccharide into Lewis rats and to clarify its mechanism. Material and Methods: Blood–aqueous barrier integrity was assessed 24 h after endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) by analyzing two parameters: cell count and protein…