Search results for "Genetic Structures"

2017

In continuous flash suppression (CFS), a dynamic noise masker, presented to one eye, suppresses conscious perception of a test stimulus, presented to the other eye, until the suppressed stimulus comes to awareness after few seconds. But what do we see breaking the dominance of the masker in the transition period? We addressed this question with a dual-task in which observers indicated (i) whether the test object was left or right of the fixation mark (localization) and (ii) whether it was a face or a house (categorization). As done recently (Stein et al., 2011), we used two experimental varieties to rule out confounds with decisional strategy. In the terminated mode, stimulus and masker wer…

Molecular Cloning, Heterologous Expression, and Characterization of Ornithine Decarboxylase from Oenococcus oeni

2011

International audience; Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is responsible for the production of putrescine, the major biogenic amine found in wine. Oenococcus oeni is the most important lactic acid bacterium in the winemaking process and is involved in malolactic fermentation. We report here the characterization of ODC from an O. oeni strain isolated from wine. Screening of 263 strains isolated from wine and cider from all over the world revealed that the presence of the odc gene appears to be strain specific in O. oeni. After cloning, heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, and characterization, the enzyme was found to have a molecular mass of 85 kDa and a pI of 6.2 and revealed maximal ac…

Ocular biometry with swept-source optical coherence tomography

2020

This study aimed to summarize the outcomes reported when swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) is used for ocular biometry. A literature search was performed to identify publications reporting clinical outcomes of patients measured with commercial SS-OCT. Twenty-nine studies were included in this review. A comprehensive analysis of the available data was performed, focusing on parameters used for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in cataract surgery, including keratometry, central corneal thickness, white-to-white distance, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, axial length, IOL power, and pupil diameter. Different metrics for repeatability, reproducibility, and agreem…

Evaluation of 6 biometers based on different optical technologies

2021

This study shows that optical biometers based on different technologies provide repeatable measurements for different ocular parameters and, when compared, statistically significant differences between them were found when measuring most parameters.

Beneficial Effect of Docosahexanoic Acid and Lutein on Retinal Structural, Metabolic, and Functional Abnormalities in Diabetic Rats

2009

To assess the effect of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) and lutein (both compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties) on experimental diabetic retinopathy.Male Wistar rats were studied: non-diabetic controls, untreated diabetic controls, and diabetic rats were treated with DHA and lutein or the combination of DHA + insulin and lutein + insulin for 12 weeks. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, apoptosis, and functional tests were studied to confirm biochemical and functional changes in the retina of diabetic rats. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione concentrations (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) were measured as oxidative stress markers. TUNEL assay and caspa…

Incidence and anatomy of gaze-evoked nystagmus in patients with cerebellar lesions.

2011

Background: Disorders of gaze-holding—organized by a neural network located in the brainstem or the cerebellum—may lead to nystagmus. Based on previous animal studies it was concluded that one key player of the cerebellar part of this gaze-holding neural network is the flocculus. Up to now, in humans there are no systematic studies in patients with cerebellar lesions examining one of the most common forms of nystagmus: gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN). The aim of our present study was to clarify which cerebellar structures are involved in the generation of GEN. Methods: Twenty-one patients with acute unilateral cerebellar stroke were analyzed by means of modern MRI-based voxel-wise lesion-behavi…

Expectation of sensory stimulation modulates brain activation during visual motion stimulation.

2005

The differential effects of visual hemifield motion stimulation during fixation of a stationary target were compared under two conditions: fixation straight ahead without any further instructions and fixation straight ahead with attention shifted to the "dark hemifield." Data from nine right-handed volunteers revealed that striate and extrastriate right hemispheric visual areas exhibited larger activations during left hemifield motion stimulation when attention was shifted to the right dark hemifield. Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinates (26, -98, -4) of the additional clusters activated in the latter condition corresponded best to the kinetic occipital region, which is known t…

Can 3D Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) improve breast malignant pathology detection? A case-to-case imaging comparison between 3D DBT and 2D Mammo…

2014

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References

Brightness and contrast do not affect visually induced motion sickness in a passively-flown fixed-base flight simulator

2016

Abstract Background Visually Induced Motion Sickness (VIMS) or simulator sickness is often elicited by a visual stimulus that lacks the appropriate vestibular or proprioceptive feedback. In this study, we chose to investigate the effects of brightness and contrast of the visual scene on VIMS. Hypothesis We hypothesized that visual environments differing in brightness or contrast would differentially induce VIMS. The symptoms of VIMS should be most severe for the combination of high brightness and high contrast and conversely lowest for the low brightness and low contrast condition. Methods 33 healthy subjects were tested in a fixed-base flight simulator. Each subject flew in four consecutiv…

Decreasing dietary linoleic acid promotes long chain omega-3 fatty acid incorporation into rat retina and modifies gene expression

2011

International audience; Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may be partially prevented by dietary habits privileging the consumption of ω3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3s) while lowering linoleic acid (LA) intake. The present study aimed to document whether following these epidemiological guidelines would enrich the neurosensory retina and RPE with ω3s and modulate gene expression in the neurosensory retina. Rat progenitors and pups were fed with diets containing low or high LA, and low or high ω3s. After scotopic single flash and 8-Hz-Flicker electroretinography, rat pups were euthanized at adulthood. The fatty acid profile of the neurosensory retina, RPE, liver, adipose tis…