Search results for "Germany"
showing 10 items of 1172 documents
Psychological distress among refugees in Germany: a cross-sectional analysis of individual and contextual risk factors and potential consequences for…
2020
Objectives Responding to the mental health needs of refugees remains a pressing challenge worldwide. We estimated the prevalence of psychological distress in a large refugee population in Germany and assessed its association with host country factors amenable to policy intervention and integration indicators.Design A cross-sectional and population-based secondary analysis of the 2017 wave of the IAB-BAMF-SOEP refugee survey.Setting Germany.Participants 2639 adult refugees who arrived in Germany between 2013 and 2016.Main outcome measures Psychological distress involving symptoms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder was measured using the Refugee Health Screener-13.Resul…
Test–Retest Reliability and Temporal Agreement of Direct and Indirect Sexual Interest Measures
2020
The Explicit and Implicit Sexual Interest Profile (EISIP) is a multimethod measure of sexual interest in children and adults. It combines indirect latency-based measures such as the Implicit Association Test (IAT), Viewing Time (VT), and explicit self-report measures. This study examined test–retest reliability and absolute temporal agreement of the EISIP over a 2-week interval in persons who were convicted of sexual offenses against children ( n = 33) and nonoffending controls ( n = 48). Test–retest reliability of the aggregated EISIP measures was high across the whole sample ( rtt = .90, intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = .90) with the IAT yielding the lowest retest correlations …
Identification of possible risk factors for alcohol use disorders among general practitioners in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
2012
QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY Research on alcohol use disorders among physicians has been scarce in Germany. The aim of our study was to identify possible risk factors for alcohol use disorders among general practitioners (GPs) working in the outpatient sector in the federal German state of Rhineland-Palatinate (RP). METHODS An anonymous survey was carried out between June and July 2009. 2,092 practice-based GPs in the federal German state of RP were asked to take part in the cross-sectional study via postal mail. The CAGE screening tool was used in its German version (CAGE-G) to screen for alcohol use disorders (AUD). Moreover, possible risk factors such as work stress (effort-reward imbalance), s…
Phantom Limb Pain in Daily Practice—Still a Lot of Work to Do!
2012
Objectives. Effective treatment of phantom limb pain (PLP, pain felt in the part of the body of an amputated limb) is still difficult to achieve, and improved treatment is needed. It is therefore of paramount interest to understand the current practice of PLP therapy outside pain centers. Design. As a part of a nationwide survey, 537 amputees were asked 11 questions related to their treatment experiences and the pain relief. Furthermore, the patients' opinion about the quality of medical care was also asked. Results. Five hundred thirty-seven out of 1088 amputees returned the questionnaire (49.4%). Four hundred (74.5%) suffered from PLP. The patients rated their caregivers' knowledge about …
Multicentric evaluation of model for end-stage liver disease-based allocation and survival after liver transplantation in Germany - Limitations of th…
2010
Summary Since the introduction of model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) in 2006, post-orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) survival in Germany has declined. The aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors and prognostic scores for outcome. All adult OLT recipients in seven German transplant centers after MELD implementation (December 2006–December 2007) were included. Recipient data were analyzed for their influence on 1-year outcome. A total of 462 patients (mean calculated MELD = 20.5, follow-up: 1 year) were transplanted for alcoholic cirrhosis (33.1%), hepatocellular carcinoma (26.6%), Hepatitis-C (17.1%), Hepatitis-B (9.5%), primary sclerosing cholangitis (5.6%) and late graft-…
Population-based validation of a German version of the Brief Resilience Scale.
2017
Smith and colleagues developed the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) to assess the individual ability to recover from stress despite significant adversity. This study aimed to validate the German version of the BRS. We used data from a population-based (sample 1: n = 1.481) and a representative (sample 2: n = 1.128) sample of participants from the German general population (age ≥ 18) to assess reliability and validity. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted to compare one- and two-factorial models from previous studies with a method-factor model which especially accounts for the wording of the items. Reliability was analyzed. Convergent validity was measured by correlating BRS scores …
Controlled and uncontrolled allergic asthma in routine respiratory specialist care – a clinical–epidemiological study in Germany
2011
Studies in the last decade showed high rates of poorly treated and poorly controlled asthma in the community. Extending these findings we describe the more recent situation in specialist respiratory care as the most frequent source of treatment provision using comprehensive clinical and patient assessments and exploring predictors for poor control.This is a German cross-sectional, clinical epidemiological study in a nationally representative stratified treatment prevalence sample of N = 572 outpatients diagnosed with allergic asthma (AA; females 58.2%, aged 47.5 ± 16.3 (16-81 years). Treating physicians completed standardized clinical assessments (lung function, laboratory, clinical finding…
Genetic risk prediction and neurobiological understanding of alcoholism.
2014
We have used a translational Convergent Functional Genomics (CFG) approach to discover genes involved in alcoholism, by gene-level integration of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from a German alcohol dependence cohort with other genetic and gene expression data, from human and animal model studies, similar to our previous work in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. A panel of all the nominally significant P-value SNPs in the top candidate genes discovered by CFG (n=135 genes, 713 SNPs) was used to generate a genetic risk prediction score (GRPS), which showed a trend towards significance (P=0.053) in separating alcohol dependent individuals from controls in an independent German…
The HTR1B 861GC receptor polymorphism among patients suffering from alcoholism, major depression, anxiety disorders and narcolepsy.
2000
Abstract The HTR1B receptor gene has been linked to antisocial alcoholism in a Finnish population and an American Indian tribe [Lappalainen et al., Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 55 (1998) 989]. Using a candidate gene approach, we genotyped 209 patients with alcoholism, 108 patients with major depression, 32 patients with panic disorder, 50 patients with generalized anxiety disorder, 58 patients with narcolepsy and 74 healthy volunteers for the HTR1B 861G>C polymorphism. There was a higher frequency of the HTR1B 861G alleles among the alcohol-dependent patients as compared to the control subjects (χ 2 =4.02, d.f.=2, P =0.04). However, the association resulted from higher frequencies of the opposite…
Primary DNA damage in peripheral mononuclear blood cells of workers exposed to bitumen-based products.
1996
The genotoxic effect of occupational exposure to bitumen-based products was determined by the extent of DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile sites of the DNA of peripheral mononuclear blood cells from seven roofers, 18 road paving workers, and nine bitumen painters. In order to evaluate short-term genotoxic effect the workers were investigated on Fridays and on Mondays after a weekend free of occupational exposure. The roofers (all cigarette smokers) showed a significantly (P < 0.002) 43% higher mean level of alkaline DNA strand breaks on Friday than did the ten smoking controls included in this study. Also, comparison of the individual levels of alkaline strand breaks on Mondays and on Frid…