Search results for "Gill"

Analyzing chemical changes in verdigris pictorial specimens upon bacteria and fungi biodeterioration using voltammetry of microparticles

2017

[EN] It is reported the application of the voltammetry of microparticles (VMP), complemented with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques, to monitor the deterioration of verdigris pictorial specimens under the action of different biological agents. This methodology would be of application for identifying the type of biological agent causing deterioration of paintings, which is an important problem affecting cultural heritage. The analysis of biodeterioration processes is complicated by the fact that the action of microorganisms can affect both pigment and binding media. The deteriorat…

Resistenza a taglio di un'argilla a scaglie compattata non satura

2011

La tesi di dottorato ha sviluppato lo studio degli effetti della struttura e della suzione sulla rigidezza e sulla resistenza a taglio di un'argilla a scaglie compattata non satura. Le caratteristiche microstrutturali dell'argilla compattata sono state studiate mediante osservazioni al SEM e prove MIP. Sono state esaminate le modifiche microstrutturali derivanti dalla saturazione, a volume costante e in condizioni di rigonfiamento libero, e dalla riconsolidazione dopo intensi trattamenti di destrutturazione (argilla ricostituita). Le proprietà meccaniche dell'argilla a scaglie compattata non satura sono state indagate mediante prove di compressione edometrica e di compressione triassiale a …

Clayey materials used for ceramic manufacture in ancient Sicily

2009

Granulocyte functions are independent of arginine availability.

2014

Abstract Arginine depletion via myeloid cell arginase is critically involved in suppression of the adaptive immune system during cancer or chronic inflammation. On the other hand, arginine depletion is being developed as a novel anti-tumor metabolic strategy to deprive arginine-auxotrophic cancer cells of this amino acid. In human immune cells, arginase is mainly expressed constitutively in PMNs. We therefore purified human primary PMNs from healthy donors and analyzed PMN function as the main innate effector cell and arginase producer in the context of arginine deficiency. We demonstrate that human PMN viability, activation-induced IL-8 synthesis, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, generation of RO…

Crowdsourced analysis of fungal growth and branching on microfluidic platforms

2021

Fungal hyphal growth and branching are essential traits that allow fungi to spread and proliferate in many environments. This sustained growth is essential for a myriad of applications in health, agriculture, and industry. However, comparisons between different fungi are difficult in the absence of standardized metrics. Here, we used a microfluidic device featuring four different maze patterns to compare the growth velocity and branching frequency of fourteen filamentous fungi. These measurements result from the collective work of several labs in the form of a competition named the “Fungus Olympics.” The competing fungi included five ascomycete species (ten strains total), two basidiomycete…

Growth characteristics of Aspergillus chevalieri and other fungi from under-coating of chocolate truffles

1997

Growth characteristics of fungi, which occasionally affected chocolate truffles, have been studied, using moulded and non-moulded samples. A whitish mycelial growth, located at the filling-coating interface is identified as Eurotium/Aspergillus chevalieri. The spores of other xerophilic molds (Aspergillus fumigatus, A. penicilloides and Penicillium verrucosum) were also found at the filling-coating interface. The water activity of chocolate coating was low enough to prevent fungal growth on the external surface of the truffles. However, the water activity of the filling, due to presence of cream, is sufficient enough to allow the growth of xerophilic moulds. The data on growth characteristi…

Inhibition of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 production by Aspergillus parasiticus in nuts using yellow and oriental mustard flours

2015

Abstract Aflatoxins (AFs) are naturally occurring mycotoxin compounds produced by several species of Aspergillus, as Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus and are mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic compounds that have been implicated as causative agents in human hepatic and extra hepatic carcinogenesis. In this study, the reduction of the AFs present in dried fruits (peanut, cashew, walnut, almond, hazelnut and pistachio), produced by A. parasiticus CECT 2681, by isothiocyanates (ITCs) generated by the enzymatic hydrolysis of the glucosinolates (GLCs) present in oriental and yellow mustard flours was evaluated. The AFs reduction activity through ITCs application in dried frui…

Pelējumsēņu mikrobioloģiskais piesārņojums garšvielās un garšaugos

2016

Uz pelējumsēņu mikrobioloģisko piesārņojumu testēti 80 garšvielu (69 %) un garšaugu (31 %) paraugi. Salīdzināts piesārņojums starp atvērtos (tirgus) un slēgtos (lielveikals) iepakojumos iegādātiem paraugiem. Darba mērķis - noteikt pelējumsēņu koncentrāciju garšvielās un garšaugos un identificēt tajos esošās pelējumsēnes. Identifikācijai izmantotas divas metodes: Matricas veicinātā lāzera desorbcijas/jonizācijas metode un identificēšana pēc morfoloģiskām īpašībām. Konstatēts, ka 24 % paraugu nesaturēja dzīvas pelējumsēnes. 20 % no paraugiem pārsniedza ICMSF normas. Visizplatītākās bija Aspergillus un Penicillium ģintis. Dominējošās sugas – Aspergillus niger, A. flavus un A. glaucus. Nebija s…

Effect of storage conditions (relative humidity, duration, and temperature) on the germination time of Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium chryso…

2012

Fungal conidia are disseminated, often in the air, for a certain period of time, prior to contaminating food products. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of the relative humidity, RH (%), time (day), and temperature (°C) during this period of time, called "storage", on the germination time, τ (h), of Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium chrysogenum. A Doehlert design was used in the range, 20-100% RH, 2-28 days, and 5-25 °C. As compared to un-stored conidia, the germination time of conidia stored at 60% RH, 15 days, 5 °C was increased by 23 and 28%, for A. carbonarius and P. chrysogenum, respectively. Stored conidia exhibited a minimum τ value at 60% RH, and 100% RH f…

Solid-State Fermentations of the Genus Aspergillus

1994

For the majority of filamentous fungal species, solid-state media are the natural life media. Growth can occur on the surface or within the whole substrate, depending on the porosity. Industrial solid-state fermentations have been developed largely in traditional food industries such as cheese, Oriental fermentations, fermented vegetables, meat, and other products, and in modern biotechnological industries such as antibiotics and enzymes. At the industrial scale, the latter fermentations allow for a decrease in the drying costs of the final products.