Search results for "Glycemic"

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Versus Sertraline in Patients With Depression and Poorly Controlled Diabetes: The Diabetes and Depression (DAD) Study

2015

OBJECTIVE This study compared the long-term efficacy of a diabetes-specific cognitive behavioral group therapy (CBT) with sertraline in patients with diabetes and depression who initially responded to short-term depression treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized controlled single-blind trial was conducted in 70 secondary care centers across Germany comparing 12 weeks of CBT with sertraline in 251 patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes (mean HbA1c 9.3%, 78 mmol/mol) and major depression (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV [SCID]). After 12 weeks, treatment responders (≥50% reduction Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD-17]) were included in the 1-year study phase where CBT p…

Magnesium and type 2 diabetes.

2015

Type 2 diabetes is frequently associated with both extracellular and intracellular magnesium (Mg) deficits. A chronic latent Mg deficit or an overt clinical hypomagnesemia is common in patients with type 2 diabetes, especially in those with poorly controlled glycemic profiles. Insulin and glucose are important regulators of Mg metabolism. Intracellular Mg plays a key role in regulating insulin action, insulin-mediated-glucose-uptake and vascular tone. Reduced intracellular Mg concentrations result in a defective tyrosine-kinase activity, postreceptorial impairment in insulin action and worsening of insulin resistance in diabetic patients. A low Mg intake and an increased Mg urinary loss app…

Manejo de la hiperglucemia con fármacos no insulínicos en pacientes adultos con diabetes tipo 2

2019

Resumen: El adecuado tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) incluye la alimentación saludable y el ejercicio (150 min/semana) como pilares básicos. Para el tratamiento farmacológico, la metformina es el fármaco de elección inicial, salvo contraindicación o intolerancia; en caso de mal control, se dispone de 8 familias terapéuticas (6 orales y 2 inyectables) como posibles combinaciones. Se presenta un algoritmo y unas recomendaciones para el tratamiento de la DM2. En prevención secundaria cardiovascular se recomienda asociar un inhibidor del cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (iSGLT2) o un agonista del receptor de glucagon-like peptide-1 (arGLP1) en pacientes con obesidad. En pre…

The Nonvolatile and Volatile Metabolites of Prangos ferulacea and Their Biological Properties

2019

Abstract Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. (Fam. Apiaceae), an orophilous species of eastern Mediterranean and western Asia, possesses a number of biological properties that are worthy of exploitation in different fields. Phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of coumarins, prenyl-coumarins, and furano-coumarins as the main constituents of this species, as well as several flavonoids. Among prenyl-coumarins, osthol is a promising apoptotic agent quite selective toward cancer cells. In addition, the essential oils have been extensively investigated, and several chemotypes have been identified. This work reviews the literature on this species published between 1965 and 2018, describes …

Recent Trends in the Pharmacological Activity of Isoprenyl Phenolics

2012

Abstract A number of prenylated phenols, mainly flavonoids, have been identified as active constituents of medicinal plants. Due to their beneficial effects on human health, this class of compounds has received a great deal of attention, not only from the pharmaceutical industry, but also from other areas of applied sciences, including the food, brewing, and cosmetics industries. The addition of prenyl residues through the activity of isoprenyltransferases, the key biosynthetic enzymes for these plant metabolites, endows flavonoids with a variety of biological activities, mostly due to improved interaction with membranes and proteins. The role of prenylated flavonoids in plants correlates w…

Fluorine in pharmaceutical industry: fluorine-containing drugs introduced to the market in the last decade (2001-2011).

2013

Analysis of the Impact of Disease Acceptance, Demographic, and Clinical Variables on Adherence to Treatment Recommendations in Elderly Type 2 Diabete…

2021

This project aimed to analyze the impact of disease acceptance and selected demographic and clinical factors on the adherence to treatment recommendations in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The observational study was performed using standardized research questionnaires: the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), the Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (SCODI), and the Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale (ACDS). Two hundred patients with T2DM were studied (age M = 70.21 years, SD = 6.63 years). The median degree of disease acceptance was 29 (min–max = 8–40) and the median level of adherence was 24 (min–max = 13–28). Disease acceptance was a significant (p = 0.002) independent predictor o…

Epigenetic markers associated with metformin response and intolerance in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes

2020

Metformin is the first-line pharmacotherapy for managing type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, many patients with T2D do not respond to or tolerate metformin well. Currently, there are no phenotypes that successfully predict glycemic response to, or tolerance of, metformin. We explored whether blood-based epigenetic markers could discriminate metformin response and tolerance by analyzing genome-wide DNA methylation in drug-naïve patients with T2D at the time of their diagnosis. DNA methylation of 11 and 4 sites differed between glycemic responders/nonresponders and metformin-tolerant/intolerant patients, respectively, in discovery and replication cohorts. Greater methylation at these sites associ…

GLP 1 receptor agonists, glycemic variability, oxidative stress and acute coronary syndrome

2020

Abstract Glycemic variability (GV) has been recently described as an independent cardiovascular risk factor in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Also, new findings suggest that GV plays an important role in the development of complications related to impaired glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. On the other hand, although treatment for diabetes can reduce HbA1c in a similar extent their effectiveness over GV can be radically different. Patients in the acute setting of a coronary syndrome should be strictly monitorized to maintain glucose within recommended values; avoiding values lower than 90 mg/dL (5 mmol/L) and higher than 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L). Also, evidence suggests th…

Early Low-Fat Diet Enriched With Linolenic Acid Reduces Liver Endocannabinoid Tone and Improves Late Glycemic Control After a High-Fat Diet Challenge…

2016

International audience; Evidence suggests that alterations of glucose and lipid homeostasis induced by obesity are associated with the elevation of endocannabinoid tone. The biosynthesis of the two main endocannabinoids, N-arachidonoylethanolamine and 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol, which derive from arachidonic acid, is influenced by dietary fatty acids (FAs). We investigated whether exposure to n-3 FA at a young age may decrease tissue endocannabinoid levels and prevent metabolic disorders induced by a later high-fat diet (HFD) challenge. Three-week-old mice received a 5% lipid diet containing lard, lard plus safflower oil, or lard plus linseed oil for 10 weeks. Then, mice were challenged with a…