Search results for "Glycogenolysis"

showing 5 items of 5 documents

Hypothalamic Apelin/Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling Controls Hepatic Glucose Metabolism in the Onset of Diabetes

2014

Aims: We have previously demonstrated that central apelin is implicated in the control of peripheral glycemia, and its action depends on nutritional (fast versus fed) and physiological (normal versus diabetic) states. An intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of a high dose of apelin, similar to that observed in obese/diabetic mice, increase fasted glycemia, suggesting (i) that apelin contributes to the establishment of a diabetic state, and (ii) the existence of a hypothalamic to liver axis. Using pharmacological, genetic, and nutritional approaches, we aim at unraveling this system of regulation by identifying the hypothalamic molecular actors that trigger the apelin effect on liver gluc…

Blood GlucoseMaleSympathetic nervous systemLIVER[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyGlycogenolysisPhysiology[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionClinical BiochemistryMice ObeseBiochemistrySYMPATHETIC-NERVE ACTIVITYAPELINBRAINGeneral Environmental ScienceINSULIN-RESISTANCE3. Good healthApelinOriginal Research CommunicationsADIPOSE-TISSUEmedicine.anatomical_structureIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsSignal TransductionEXPRESSIONmedicine.medical_specialtyGlycogenolysisHypothalamusBiologyCarbohydrate metabolismAutonomic Nervous SystemInsulin resistanceAdipokinesInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineAnimalsMolecular BiologyGluconeogenesis[ SDV.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyCell Biologymedicine.diseaseMice Inbred C57BLMICEGlucoseEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2GluconeogenesisRATGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesLiver functionReactive Oxygen Species[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionSYSTEMAntioxidants & Redox Signaling
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The effects of cold and glucagon on lipolysis, glycogenolysis and oxygen consumption in young chicks.

1973

Abstract 1. 1. To study the possible role of glucagon in avian thermoregulation the effects of cold exposure and glucagon on lipolysis, glycogenolysis and oxygen consumption were measured in young chicks. 2. 2. Cold exposure (+10°C) and glucagon injection (0·3 mg/kg, i.p. at +30°C) both caused a marked increase in the plasma FFA and a decrease in the liver glycogen content. 3. 3. It is suggested that glucagon possibly acts in the avian thermoregulation by producing at least lipolysis and glycogenolysis during cold exposure.

Blood Glucoseendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGlycogenolysisCold exposurechemistry.chemical_elementBiologyFatty Acids NonesterifiedGlucagonOxygenchemistry.chemical_compoundOxygen ConsumptionInternal medicinemedicineLipolysisAnimalsGlycogenGeneral MedicineThermoregulationGlucagonStimulation ChemicalLiver GlycogenCold TemperatureEndocrinologychemistryLiverDepression ChemicalGlucagon InjectionChickenshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsBody Temperature RegulationComparative biochemistry and physiology. A, Comparative physiology
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Endogenous nitric oxide is responsible for the early loss of P450 in cultured rat hepatocytes

1998

AbstractLoss of P450 during the early hours of monolayer formation is known to be the more serious limitation of primary cultured hepatocytes as an adequate model for the study of drug metabolism, toxicity and P450 induction. This study reports that endogenous nitric oxide (NO) formation is activated shortly after isolation by the classical collagenase-based liver perfusion methods. Both rapid P450 loss and aerobic mitochondrial energy metabolism impairment – with subsequent changes on glucose metabolism – are directly related to the high local generation of the radical at this stage. These effects can be reverted by the sole addition of NO biosynthesis inhibitors during liver perfusion and…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyGlycogenolysisGlycogenolysisBiophysicsMitochondria LiverCarbohydrate metabolismHepatocyte primary cultureBiochemistryNitric oxideRats Sprague-DawleyP450 contentchemistry.chemical_compoundCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemBiosynthesisStructural BiologyInternal medicineGeneticsmedicineAnimalsGlycolysisMolecular BiologyCells CulturedAMPDrug metabolismAdenine NucleotidesNitric oxideCell BiologyLiver GlycogenRatsKineticsNG-Nitroarginine Methyl EsterEndocrinologyLiverchemistryToxicityMicrosomes LiverCollagenaseGlycolysisDrug metabolismmedicine.drugFEBS Letters
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Effects of insulin-like growth factor I on the rates of glucose transport and utilization in rat skeletal muscle in vitro.

1992

1. The effects of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) on the rates of glucose transport and utilization and its interaction with insulin were investigated in rat soleus muscle in vitro. IGF-I increased the rates of glucose transport, lactate formation, glycogen synthesis and the flux of glucose to hexose monophosphate, but it had no effect on the rate of glucose oxidation or glycogenolysis. 2. In the absence of insulin, low levels of IGF-I (0-30 ng/ml) increased the rate of glycolysis and the content of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, but the content of glucose 6-phosphate remained unaltered; at higher levels of IGF-I (300-3000 ng/ml) the rate of glycolysis and the content of fructose 2,6-bisph…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyGlycogenolysismedicine.medical_treatmentGlucose-6-PhosphateBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundInternal medicinemedicineFructosediphosphatesAnimalsInsulinGlycolysisInsulin-Like Growth Factor IPhosphorylationGlycogen synthaseMolecular BiologyGlycogenInsulinMusclesGlucose transporterGlucosephosphatesFructoseBiological TransportRats Inbred StrainsCell BiologyRatsKineticsEndocrinologyGlucosechemistryFructolysisbiology.proteinGlycolysisOxidation-ReductionGlycogenResearch Article
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Muscarinic Receptor Activation Increases Efflux of Choline from Isolated Heart and Rat Cortex in Vivo. Interactions with Forskolin and IBMX

1986

Muscarinic receptor activation modulates functions of the heart and neurotransmission in the peripheral and central nervous system. Moreover, muscarinic agonists produce changes in the metabolism of, for example, heart tissue, such as inhibition of beta-adrenoceptor-mediated cAMP accumulation, glycogenolysis and lipase activation.

medicine.medical_specialtyIBMXGlycogenolysisForskolinCentral nervous systemMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2NeurotransmissionPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineCholine
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