Search results for "Gram"

showing 10 items of 9069 documents

Tuning the field trip: audio-guided tours as a replacement for 1-day excursions in human geography

2013

Educators are experiencing difficulties with 1-day field trips in human geography. Instead of teaching students how to apply theory in the field and learn to sense geography in everyday life, many excursions have degraded into tourist-like events where lecturers try to motivate rather passive students against a noisy urban backdrop. Although various (partly) student-led approaches have successfully addressed the issue, there are still a high number of tours that use a traditional, tutor-led model. The example of a series of three audio tours produced at Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany, shows how these conventional field trips can be transformed into audio tours that help studen…

Audio equipmentGeography Planning and DevelopmentExperiential learningEducationEmpirical researchField tripPedagogyHuman geographyComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONTRIPS architecturePsychologyTUTOREveryday lifecomputercomputer.programming_languageJournal of Geography in Higher Education
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A matlab toolbox for music information retrieval

2008

We present MIRToolbox, an integrated set of functions written in Matlab, dedicated to the extraction from audio files of musical features related, among others, to timbre, tonality, rhythm or form. The objective is to offer a state of the art of computational approaches in the area of Music Information Retrieval (MIR). The design is based on a modular framework: the different algorithms are decomposed into stages, formalized using a minimal set of elementary mechanisms, and integrating different variants proposed by alternative approaches — including new strategies we have developed —, that users can select and parametrize. These functions can adapt to a large area of objects as input.

Audio signalInformation retrievalComputer sciencebusiness.industryModular designSet (abstract data type)Music information retrievalState (computer science)TonalitybusinessMATLABcomputerTimbrecomputer.programming_language
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Categorization of Extremely Brief Auditory Stimuli: Domain-Specific or Domain-General Processes?

2011

The present study investigated the minimum amount of auditory stimulation that allows differentiation of spoken voices, instrumental music, and environmental sounds. Three new findings were reported. 1) All stimuli were categorized above chance level with 50 ms-segments. 2) When a peak-level normalization was applied, music and voices started to be accurately categorized with 20 ms-segments. When the root-mean-square (RMS) energy of the stimuli was equalized, voice stimuli were better recognized than music and environmental sounds. 3) Further psychoacoustical analyses suggest that the categorization of extremely brief auditory stimuli depends on the variability of their spectral envelope in…

Auditory perceptionNormalization (statistics)Property (programming)Experimental psychologySpeech recognitionmedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:MedicineBiologySocial and Behavioral SciencesPerceptionPsychophysicsPsychologyHumanslcsh:ScienceSet (psychology)Biologymedia_commonMultidisciplinarylcsh:RExperimental PsychologyRecognition PsychologySensory SystemsSoundAuditory SystemAcoustic StimulationCategorizationSpectral envelopeAuditory PerceptionVoiceSensory Perceptionlcsh:QMusicResearch ArticleNeurosciencePsychoacousticsPLoS ONE
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Analysis and Optimization Technique of Secure Smart Grid Communication Network for Sustainable Development

2019

The smart network includes many sub-frameworks, for example, the Home Area Network (HAN), which are at risk and prone to be attacked remotely. A smart grid communication is meant to design a mutual authentication scheme and a key management protocol. This study is aimed with an efficient arrangement for HAN that analyzes a framework set-up for HAN. In this paper, we have analyzed three cases: First, we show the normal execution then execution along with attackers. Using mutual authentication, we overcome attacks. It has introduced a number of routing schemes for grid networks in recent years, and they provide different level of privacy protection at different cost. First, an unspecified key…

AuthenticationSmart gridComputer sciencebusiness.industryMutual authenticationSession (computer science)Routing (electronic design automation)GridKey managementbusinessProtocol (object-oriented programming)Computer network
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A Multi-Expert Based Approach to Continuous Authentication of Mobile-Device Users

2003

Currently used in mobile devices PIN-based user authentication cannot provide a sufficient security level. Methods based on multi-modal user authentication involving biometrics (i.e. physical and behavioral characteristics of a person) may be employed to cope with this problem. However, dealing with physical characteristics only, these methods are either unable to provide continuous and user-friendly identity verification, or are resource consuming.

AuthenticationUser authenticationResource (project management)BiometricsHuman–computer interactionComputer scienceIdentity (object-oriented programming)Security levelComputer securitycomputer.software_genreMobile devicecomputer
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Attacks Against the WAP WTLS Protocol

1999

The WAP WTLS protocol was designed to provide privacy, data integrity, and authentication for wireless terminals. The protocol is currently being fielded, and it is expected that the protocol will be contained in millions of devices in a few years.

AuthenticationWireless Transport Layer SecurityTransport Layer Securitybusiness.industryComputer scienceData integrityComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSWirelessbusinessProtocol (object-oriented programming)Stream cipherBlock cipherComputer network
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Database Versioning 2.0, a Transparent SQL Approach Used in Quantitative Management and Decision Making

2015

Abstract Managerial decisions are based on accurate information and in today's time raw data is produced even with a stroke of a key. Regardless of the data creating process one needs to know how the information was extracted and which pool of data was used. One important factor is time therefore we need to structure it in layers of data history in such a way that it can be analyzed, (post)process, in order to be able to retrieve valuable information. The simplest way is to use a Database Management System (DBMS), but even with such a management system we face the issue of making it a self-contained database on each version of data added. Our proposed system, a continuation of previous work…

AutocommitSQLPhysical data modelComputer scienceViewData definition languagecomputer.software_genreDatabase designDatabase testingData modelingDecision Making ;DBMSGeneral Environmental Sciencecomputer.programming_languageDatabase modelData administrationSQLDatabasebusiness.industryComponent-oriented databaseDatabase Logical Version ControlAnalyticsGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesbusinessRaw datacomputerIntelligent databaseProcedia Computer Science
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Autocorrelation Metrics to Estimate Soil Moisture Persistence From Satellite Time Series: Application to Semiarid Regions

2021

Satellite-derived soil moisture (SM) products have become an important information source for the study of land surface processes in hydrology and land monitoring. Characterizing and estimating soil memory and persistence from satellite observations is of paramount relevance, and has deep implications in ecology, water management, and climate modeling. In this work, we address the problem of SM persistence estimation from microwave sensors using several autocorrelation metrics that, unlike traditional approaches, build on accurate estimates of the autocorrelation function from nonuniformly sampled time series. We show how the choice of the autocorrelation estimator can have a dramatic impac…

Autocorrelation0211 other engineering and technologiesEstimator02 engineering and technology15. Life on landScatterometer6. Clean waterPhysics::GeophysicsAdvanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2) Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) autocorrelation e-folding time Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Lomb-Scargle periodogram microwave sensors persistence soil moisture Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) spatial-temporal13. Climate actionConsistency (statistics)General Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceClimate modelSatelliteElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTransectPersistence (discontinuity)021101 geological & geomatics engineeringRemote sensingIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Diabētiskās retinopātijas skrīnings optometrista praksē

2020

Maģistra darbs uzrakstīts latviešu valodā uz 46 lapām, satur 21 attēlu, 12 tabulas, 2 pielikumus un 105 atsauces uz literatūras avotiem. Darba mērķis: novērtēt optometristu un automātiskās skrīninga programmatūras prasmes atpazīt diabētiskās retinopātijas pazīmes. Pētījuma dalībnieki: pētījumā piedalījās 2 oftalmologi, 14 optometristi un automatizētā skrīninga programmatūra AI Avenue. Metode: 196 tīklenes attēliem tika veikts skrīninga tests atbilstoši starptautiskās diabētiskās retinopātijas klasifikācijai. Rezultāti: Rekomendēto testa standartu – jutība un specifiskums ≥ 80% sasniedza oftalmologs un 2 optometristi. AI Avenue sasniedza vienīgi rekomendēto testa specifiskumu. Secinājumi: AI…

Automatizēta skrīninga programmatūraCukura diabētsDiabētiskā retinopātijaDiabētiskā makulas tūskaFizika
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Predictability decomposition detects the impairment of brain-heart dynamical networks during sleep disorders and their recovery with treatment

2016

This work introduces a framework to study the network formed by the autonomic component of heart rate variability (cardiac process η ) and the amplitude of the different electroencephalographic waves (brain processes δ , θ , α , σ , β ) during sleep. The framework exploits multivariate linear models to decompose the predictability of any given target process into measures of self-, causal and interaction predictability reflecting respectively the information retained in the process and related to its physiological complexity, the information transferred from the other source processes, and the information modified during the transfer according to redundant or synergistic interaction betwee…

Autonomic nervous system; Brain-heart interactions; Delta sleep electroencephalogram; Granger causality; Heart rate variability; Synergy and redundancy; Mathematics (all); Engineering (all); Physics and Astronomy (all)General MathematicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectroencephalography01 natural sciencesSynergy and redundancy03 medical and health sciencesPhysics and Astronomy (all)0302 clinical medicineEngineering (all)0103 physical sciencesMedicineHeart rate variabilityAutonomic nervous systemMathematics (all)Predictability010306 general physicsHeart rate variabilityCardiac processmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringHealthy subjectsBrainArticlesAutonomic nervous systemDelta sleep electroencephalogramSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaGranger causalityBrain-heart interactionSleep (system call)businessNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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