Search results for "Growth factor"

Transforming growth factor-β1, β2, and β3, urokinase and parathyroid hormone-related peptide expression in 8701-BC breast cancer cells and clones

1993

8701-BC is a recently characterized cell line isolated from a primary ductal infiltrating carcinoma of the breast (d.i.c.), showing some pleomorphism in cell microanatomy at an ultrastructural level. We have obtained different sublines of 8701-BC cells by cloning in soft agar at different concentrations (0.3% and 0.6%), and we have characterized the cloned lines by some morphological and growth parameters. 8701-BC cells and clones have been submitted to analysis by reverse transcriptase-linked polymerase chain reaction to detect mRNAs of various cytokines (transforming growth factor-beta s, tumour necrosis factors, interleukin 1s, interleukin 6, parathyroid hormone-related peptide, gamma in…

Physiological mechanisms regulating the expression of endothelial-type NO synthase

2002

Although endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is a constitutively expressed enzyme, its expression is regulated by a number of biophysical, biochemical, and hormonal stimuli, both under physiological conditions and in pathology. This review summarizes the recent findings in this field. Shear stress, growth factors (such as transforming growth factor-beta, fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor), hormones (such as estrogens, insulin, angiotensin II, and endothelin 1), and other compounds (such as lysophosphatidylcholine) upregulate eNOS expression. On the other hand, the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha and bacterial lipopolys…

Nuclear insulin receptor substrate 1 interacts with estrogen receptor alpha at ERE promoters.

2004

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is a major signaling molecule activated by the insulin and insulin-like growth factor I receptors. Recent data obtained in different cell models suggested that in addition to its conventional role as a cytoplasmic signal transducer, IRS-1 has a function in the nuclear compartment. However, the role of nuclear IRS-1 in breast cancer has never been addressed. Here we report that in estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha)-positive MCF-7 cells, (1) a fraction of IRS-1 was translocated to the nucleus upon 17-beta-estradiol (E2) treatment; (2) E2-dependent nuclear translocation of IRS-1 was blocked with the antiestrogen ICI 182,780; (3) nuclear IRS-1 colocalized and…

Possible involvement of the IL4 gene in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia

1994

Abstract We report the results of a molecular investigation of 11 patients affected by Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, a rare B-cell malignancy characterized by an excessive proliferation of immunoglobulin(Ig)M-secreting plasmacytoid cells. In particular, we studied the interleukin-4 (IL4) gene, which codes for a B-specific growth factor capable of stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of secreting plasma cells. By Southern hybridization, in three patients we found the presence of additional bands in comparison with the expected pattern; moreover, these bands showed a different degree of intensity.

Flt3 ligand lessens the growth of tumors obtained after colon cancer cell injection in rats but does not restore tumor-suppressed dendritic cell func…

2000

A defective function of the antigen-presenting cells may represent one of the ways used by cancer cells to escape the immune response. We have previously shown that human and rat colon carcinomas were infiltrated by dendritic cells that did not express the B7 co-stimulatory molecules required for inducing an efficient T-cell response. Flt3 ligand is a cloned hematopoietic growth factor that markedly augments the number of functional dendritic and NK cells in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues and exerts anti-tumor activity in various experimental models. We show here that repeated Flt3 ligand administration delays the s.c. growth of rat colon cancer cells in syngeneic animals without inducin…

A phase Ib/II study of HER3-targeting lumretuzumab in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel as first-line treatment in patients with advanced o…

2019

Purpose This study investigated the safety and clinical activity of lumretuzumab, a humanised antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) monoclonal antibody, in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in first-line treatment of patients with squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sqNSCLC). HER3 ligand heregulin and HER3 protein expression were evaluated as potential biomarkers of clinical activity. Patients and methods This open-label, phase Ib/II study enrolled patients receiving lumretuzumab at 800 mg (flat) in combination with carboplatin (area under the curve (AUC) 6 mg/mL×min) and paclitaxel (200 mg/m 2) administered intravenously on a every 3-week schedule. Adverse event (A…

Parthenolide induces superoxide anion production by stimulating EGF receptor in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells

2013

The sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide (PN) has recently attracted considerable attention because of its anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. However, the mechanism of its cytotoxic action on tumor cells remains scarcely defined. We recently provided evidence that the effect exerted by PN in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells was mediated by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The present study shows that PN promoted the phosphorylation of EGF receptor (phospho-EGFR) at Tyr1173, an event which was observed already at 1  h of incubation with 25  µM PN and reached a peak at 8-16  h. This effect seemed to be a consequence of ROS production, because N-acetylcystein…

The alpha and ßeta in phase II trials hepatocellular carcinoma ‐ A tale of more than radiological response?

2019

Expression of WISPs and of their novel alternative variants in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

2005

WISPs (Wnt-induced secreted proteins) are members of the CCN (CTGF/Cyr61/Nov) family involved in fibrotic disorders and tumorigenesis. They have a typical structure composed of four conserved cysteine-rich modular domains, but variants of CCN members lacking one or more modules, generated by alternative splicing or gene mutations, have been described in various pathological conditions. WISP genes were first described as downstream targets of the Wnt signaling pathway, which is frequently altered in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, WISP mRNA expression was analyzed by RT-PCR in four human HCC cell lines (HepG2, HuH-6, HuH-7, HA22T/VGH). Our results show for the fir…

2021

Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) belongs to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of proteins. Glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor α-like (GFRAL) is an endogenous receptor for GDF15 detected selectively in the brain. GDF15 is not normally expressed in the tissue but is prominently induced by “injury”. Serum levels of GDF15 are also increased by aging and in response to cellular stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. It acts as an inflammatory marker and plays a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative processes. Identified as a new heart-derived endocrine hormone that regulates body growth,…