Search results for "Guinea Pig"
showing 10 items of 372 documents
Expression of glial filament protein (GFP) in nerve sheaths and non-neural cells re-examined using monoclonal antibodies, with special emphasis on th…
1986
We describe two novel monoclonal antibodies specific for glial filament protein (GFP), i.e., GF12.23 and GF12.24 (both IgG2a]. These cross-react over a broad range of species with epitopes located in the alpha-helical rod domain typical of all intermediate filament (IF) proteins. These monoclonal antibodies were used, in conjunction with other monoclonal GFP antibodies, rabbit antiserum to GFP, and various antibodies to other cytoskeletal proteins, to examine the occurrence of GFP in cells outside of the central nervous system of rodents, cows, and humans. We detected some scattered GFP-containing cells in the neural sheaths in some species but not in others, and we obtained different resul…
Guinea pig transglutaminase immunolinked assay does not predict coeliac disease in patients with chronic liver disease
2001
BACKGROUND—It has been suggested that serological screening for coeliac disease (CD) should be performed in patients with chronic unexplained hypertransaminasaemia. AIMS—To evaluate the specificity for CD diagnosis of serum IgA antitissue transglutaminase (tTG) determination in consecutive patients with chronic hypertransaminasaemia using the most widely utilised ELISA based on tTG from guinea pig as the antigen. PATIENTS AND METHODS—We studied 98 patients with chronic hypertransaminasaemia, evaluated for the first time in a hepatology clinic. Serum anti-tTG and antiendomysial (EmA) assays were performed. Patients positive for EmA and/or anti-tTG were proposed for intestinal biopsy. Finally…
Screening for celiac disease in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients: a serum anti-transglutaminase-based approach
2003
Several studies have shown the existence of an association between celiac disease (CD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of the serum anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibody assay in screening for CD in consecutive NHL patients. In all, 80 consecutive patients (median age 61 years) with a new diagnosis of NHL were included. To compare the frequency of CD and of positive results for the anti-tTG assay, we enrolled 500 blood donors. In all patients serum anti-tTG was determined with two different ELISA: one based on tTG from guinea pig (gp-tTG) and the other based on human recombinant t-TG (h-tTG) as the antigens. Serum anti-endomysial antibodie…
A 66-kilodalton heat shock protein of Salmonella typhimurium is responsible for binding of the bacterium to intestinal mucus
1992
Salmonella typhimurium infections have increased during the last few years. However, the interplay of virulence factors in S. typhimurium pathogenesis is still poorly understood, particularly with regard to the mechanisms and components of the bacterium which are involved in its interaction with the intestinal mucus. We have observed that S. typhimurium is aggregated by incubation with colonic mucus (guinea pig model). To quantify this phenomenon, an aggregation assay was established. By using this assay, it was found that the aggregation profile of S. typhimurium strains freshly isolated from patients (age 9 and older) with salmonellosis correlated with the severity of the disease. An isol…
Studies on the subcellular pathophysiology of sublethal chronic cell injury.
1974
Summary This paper summarizes some of the important subcellular events occurring after chronic sublethal cell injury. Chronic cell injury is defined as the result of injurious stimuli which permit cell survival though in altered steady states for protracted periods of time. The importance of ultrastructural and biochemical studies of these phenomena is emphasized. Among the phenomena discussed are alterations in lysosomes, cellular hypertrophy, fatty metamorphosis, alterations in microfilaments and microtubules, alterations in mechanisms of transcription and replication, disturbances in the cell surface and transport across the cell membrane, and alterations in intracellular transport.
Comparison of anti-transglutaminase ELISAs and an anti-endomysial antibody assay in the diagnosis of celiac disease: A prospective study
2002
Abstract Background: Most studies of anti-transglutaminase (anti-tTG) assays have considered preselected groups of patients. This study compared the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of an immunofluorescence method for anti-endomysial antibodies (EmAs) and two anti-tTG ELISAs, one using guinea pig tTG (gp-tTG) and the other human tTG (h-tTG) as antigen, in consecutive patients investigated for suspected celiac disease (CD). Methods: We studied 207 consecutive patients (99 men, 108 women; age range, 17–84 years) who underwent intestinal biopsy for suspected CD. Patients presented with one or more of the following: weight loss, anemia, chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, dyspepsia,…
Investigation into the role of phosphodiesterase IV in bronchorelaxation, including studies with human bronchus.
1993
1. We have investigated the role of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase IV (PDE IV) in the relaxation of human bronchus and guinea-pig trachea in vitro and in guinea-pigs in vivo. 2. Functional studies showed that the selective PDE IV inhibitors, rolipram and denbufylline, relaxed human and guinea-pig preparations in vitro. 3. Two clinically used xanthine non-selective PDE inhibitors, theophylline and pentoxifylline, were also effective in these preparations, but were much less potent than the selective agents used. 4. The rank order of potency for the four PDE inhibitors in both species was similar. 5. Biochemical studies indicated that PDE IV was the major PDE isoform present in the human…
Influence of Duration of Experiment on Rate of Uptake of Radioactive Potassium in Smooth Muscle
1963
THE rates of uptake and loss of radioactive tracers by excitable tissues can often be described by a function involving one exponential term1–3, but over relatively long periods deviations have been observed from such a simple course4–7. The rates of exchange towards the end of such periods are commonly slower than would be predicted from the initial rates and two general causes for this behaviour have been suggested: either the rates are, in fact, diminishing during the course of an experiment or the tissue is not behaving uniformly. This latter possibility has been extensively investigated1,8–15, because biological material shows an obvious lack of uniformity, and because deviations from …
Histaprodifens: synthesis, pharmacological in vitro evaluation, and molecular modeling of a new class of highly active and selective histamine H(1)-r…
2000
A new class of histamine analogues characterized by a 3, 3-diphenylpropyl substituent at the 2-position of the imidazole nucleus has been prepared outgoing from 4,4-diphenylbutyronitrile (4b) via cyclization of the corresponding methyl imidate 5b with 2-oxo-4-phthalimido-1-butyl acetate or 2-oxo-1,4-butandiol in liquid ammonia, followed by standard reactions. The title compounds displayed partial agonism on contractile H(1) receptors of the guinea-pig ileum and endothelium-denuded aorta, respectively, except 10 (histaprodifen; 2-[2-(3, 3-diphenylpropyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl]ethanamine) which was a full agonist in the ileum assay. While 10 was equipotent with histamine (1), methylhistaprodifen (…
Effects of dantrolene on the responses to methylxanthines in the isolated guinea-pig trachea.
1991
The effect of dantrolene on the responses to methylxanthines (caffeine and theophylline) and a beta-adrenoceptor agonist (salbutamol) was studied in isolated guinea-pig trachea. Caffeine and theophylline (1 microM-10 mM) and salbutamol (1 nM-10 microM) produced concentration-dependent relaxation of spontaneous and stimulated (acetylcholine 1 mM) tone. Responses to high concentrations (10 mM) of caffeine and theophylline added to tracheal strips either unstimulated (spontaneous tone) or indomethacin (2.8 microM)-treated were reversed to contractions in the presence of dantrolene (3 microM-0.3 mM). This effect was not observed for salbutamol or when relaxant responses to the agonists were gen…