Search results for "H30"
showing 10 items of 1587 documents
Function and Fiber-Type Specific Distribution of Hsp60 and αB-Crystallin in Skeletal Muscles: Role of Physical Exercise
2021
Simple Summary Skeletal muscle represents about 40% of the body mass in humans and it is a copious and plastic tissue, rich in proteins that are subject to continuous rearrangements. Physical exercise is considered a physiological stressor for different organs, in particular for skeletal muscle, and it is a factor able to stimulate the cellular remodeling processes related to the phenomenon of adaptation. All cells respond to various stress conditions by up-regulating the expression and/or activation of a group of proteins called heat shock proteins (HSPs). Although their expression is induced by several stimuli, they are commonly recognized as HSPs due to the first experiments showing thei…
Amateur doping: a survey on Sicilian population
2019
In the last years, amateur doping phenomenon has caused many victims. In order to know the diffusion of this phenomenon, we conducted an online survey thanks to Google forms. We also converted on paper the same questionnaire and we administered it in many gyms in Palermo and Trapani (Sicily, Italy). The examined sample consists of 976 people aged between 14 and 65 (47.3% of them are women and 52.7% are men). We asked them if they had ever taken substances to improve their athletic performances: 25.8% of them answered affirmatively and declared to take protein, amino acids, but also Ephedrine, Caffeine, Aspirin on a regular basis (34.6%). They bought these substances in sporting stores (32.2…
Acoustic, myoelectric, and aerodynamic parameters of euphonic and dysphonic voices: a systematic review of clinical studies
2021
Background: At present, there is no clinical consensus on the concept of normal and dysphonic voices. For many years, the establishment of a consensus on the terminology related to normal and pathological voices has been studied, in order to facilitate the communication between professionals in the field of the voice. Aim: systematically review the literature to compare and learn more precisely the measurable and objective characteristics of the acoustic, aerodynamic and surface electromyographic parameters of the normal and dysphonic voices. Methods: The PRISMA 2020 methodology was used as a review protocol together with the PICO procedure to answer the research question through six databa…
The Epigenetics of the Endocannabinoid System
2020
The endocannabinoid system (ES) is a cell-signalling system widely distributed in biological tissues that includes endogenous ligands, receptors, and biosynthetic and hydrolysing machineries. The impairment of the ES has been associated to several pathological conditions like behavioural, neurological, or metabolic disorders and infertility, suggesting that the modulation of this system may be critical for the maintenance of health status and disease treatment. Lifestyle and environmental factors can exert long-term effects on gene expression without any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, affecting health maintenance and influencing both disease load and resistance. This potentially …
Molecular Approaches Fighting Nonsense
2021
Nonsense mutations are the result of single nucleotide substitutions in the DNA that change a sense codon (coding for an amino acid) to a nonsense or premature termination codon (PTC) within the coding region of the mRNA [...]
The Role of the α Cell in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes: A World beyond the Mirror
2021
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders, and insulin has been placed at the epicentre of its pathophysiological basis. However, the involvement of impaired alpha (α) cell function has been recognized as playing an essential role in several diseases, since hyperglucagonemia has been evidenced in both Type 1 and T2DM. This phenomenon has been attributed to intra-islet defects, like modifications in pancreatic α cell mass or dysfunction in glucagon’s secretion. Emerging evidence has shown that chronic hyperglycaemia provokes changes in the Langerhans’ islets cytoarchitecture, including α cell hyperplasia, pancreatic beta (β) cell dedifferentiati…
miR-31-5p Is a LIPUS-Mechanosensitive MicroRNA that Targets HIF-1α Signaling and Cytoskeletal Proteins
2019
The roles of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) and microRNAs (miRNAs) on hMSCs commitments have already been investigated
Prognostic and Functional Significant of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) in Breast Cancer Unveiled by Multi-Omics Approaches
2021
Simple Summary In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and prognostic significance of the heat shock proteins (HSPs) family members in breast cancer (BC) by using several bioinformatics tools and proteomics investigations. Our results demonstrated that, collectively, HSPs were deregulated in BC, acting as both oncogene and onco-suppressor genes. In particular, two different HSP-clusters were significantly associated with a poor or good prognosis. Interestingly, the HSPs deregulation impacted gene expression and miRNAs regulation that, in turn, affected important biological pathways involved in cell cycle, DNA replication, and receptors-mediated signaling. Finally, the proteomi…
Somatostatin and Somatostatin Receptors: From Signaling to Clinical Applications in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
2021
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are heterogeneous neoplasms which arise from neuroendocrine cells that are distributed widely throughout the body. Although heterogenous, many of them share their ability to overexpress somatostatin receptors (SSTR) on their cell surface. Due to this, SSTR and somatostatin have been a large subject of interest in the discovery of potential biomarkers and treatment options for the disease. The aim of this review is to describe the molecular characteristics of somatostatin and somatostatin receptors and its application in diagnosis and therapy on patients with NENs as well as the use in the near future of somatostatin antagonists.
A Reassessment of the Therapeutic Potential of a Dopamine Receptor 2 Agonist (D2-AG) in Endometriosis by Comparison against a Standardized Antiangiog…
2021
Dopamine receptor 2 agonists (D2-ags) have been shown to reduce the size of tumors by targeting aberrant angiogenesis in pathological tissue. Because of this, the use of a D2-ag was inferred for endometriosis treatment. When assayed in mouse models however, D2-ags have been shown to cause a shift of the immature vessels towards a more mature phenotype but not a significant reduction in the amount of vascularization and size of lesions. These has raised concerns on whether the antiangiogenic effects of these compounds confer a therapeutic value for endometriosis. In the belief that antiangiogenic effects of D2-ags in endometriosis were masked due to non-optimal timing of pharmacological inte…