Search results for "HB"

Field performance of HBsAg rapid diagnostic tests in rural Ethiopia.

2020

Abstract Point-of-care rapid diagnostic tests (POC-RDTs) are widely used to screen and diagnose hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and are often the only available diagnostic tools in resource-limited settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of three hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) POC-RDTs (Healgen®, Advanced Quality™ and Determine™) in an area with high prevalence of HBV in eastern Ethiopia. Results were compared with a commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as gold standard. Quantification of HBsAg was performed in false negative samples. A total of 511 subjects were screened, of whom 81 (15.9 %) were HBsAg-positive with the gold standard. All three P…

Corrigendum: Seabuckthorn Pulp Oil Protects against Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Rats through Activation of Akt/eNOS

2016

Seabuckthorn (SBT) pulp oil obtained from the fruits of seabuckthorn [Hippophae rhamnoides L. (Elaeagnaceae)] has been used traditionally for its medicinal and nutritional properties. However, its role in ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury of myocardium in rats has not been elucidated so far. The present study reports the cardioprotective effect of SBT pulp oil in IR-induced model of myocardial infarction in rats and underlying mechanism mediating activation of Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Male albino Wistar rats were orally administered SBT pulp oil (5, 10, and 20 ml/kg/day) or saline for 30 days. On the day 31, ischemia was induced by one-stage ligation of left anterior descending coronary a…

HSP60 activity on human bronchial epithelial cells

2017

HSP60 has been implicated in chronic inflammatory disease pathogenesis, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the mechanisms by which this chaperonin would act are poorly understood. A number of studies suggest a role for extracellular HSP60, since it can be secreted from cells and bind Toll-like receptors; however, the effects of this stimulation have never been extensively studied. We investigated the effects (pro- or anti-inflammatory) of HSP60 in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) alone and in comparison with oxidative, inflammatory, or bacterial challenges. 16-HBE cells were cultured for 1–4 h in the absence or presence of HSP60, H2O2, lipopolysaccharide (…

2020

ObjectiveThe HBV HBx regulatory protein is required for transcription from the covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosome and affects the epigenetic control of both viral and host cellular chromatin.DesignWe explored, in relevant cellular models of HBV replication, the functional consequences of HBx interaction with DLEU2, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expressed in the liver and increased in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), in the regulation of host target genes and the HBV cccDNA.ResultsWe show that HBx binds the promoter region, enhances the transcription and induces the accumulation of DLEU2 in infected hepatocytes. We found that nuclear DLEU2 directly binds HBx and the…

Neighbourhood socio-economic characteristics and the risk of preterm birth for migrant and non-migrant women: a study in a French district

2011

Neighbourhood-level deprivation is associated with preterm birth; preterm birth rates are also higher for some, but not all migrant groups. We studied the impact of neighbourhood characteristics (a deprivation score and the proportion of foreign-born residents) on singleton preterm birth in the French district of Seine-Saint-Denis for women born in France, North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa and other countries. Multilevel logistic regression models were adjusted for maternal demographic and health care characteristics. For women born in France, the preterm birth rate rose with neighbourhood deprivation quintile (3.8% in the first to 5.7% in the fifth, adjusted odds ratio: 1.40 [95% confidence…

Being a good neighbour: developing intercultural understanding through critical dialogue between an Australian and Finnish cross-case study

2020

Language educators in Australia and Finland are expected to foster intercultural understanding within foreign language education. This paper presents findings from a qualitative case study focusing on theoretical and practical intercultural understanding in secondary school language education. The data for this study includes lesson observations as well as student and teachers interviews collected in two secondary schools in Australia and Finland. The findings demonstrate the complex resources teachers and students draw on to develop and share intercultural understanding. The discussion addresses the value of different perspectives and the need for a new metaphor to conceptualise intercultu…

Expert In-depth Interview on Development and Efficiency of “RIGA International Airport” Reflecting Factors

2016

Abstract The aim of the paper is to identify development ways and effectiveness of RIGA International Airport. Theoretical evidence was examined and expert in-depth interview was carried out to explore the main circumstances affecting RIGA International Airport functioning. Findings of the study show that there are positive tendencies in the field of airport efficiency and development, but improvement is needed primarily for coordinating visions and resources managed by both state and airport administration bodies.

Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search with a Constant-Time Feasibility Test for the Dial-a-Ride Problem

2019

In the dial-a-ride problem, user-specified transport requests from origin to destination points have to be served by a fleet of homogeneous vehicles. The problem variant we consider aims at finding a set of minimum-cost routes satisfying constraints on vehicle capacity, time windows, maximum route duration, and maximum user ride times. We propose an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) for its solution. The key novelty of the approach is an exact amortized constant-time algorithm for evaluating the feasibility of request insertions in the repair steps of the ALNS. In addition, we use two optional improvement techniques: a local-search-based intraroute improvement of routes of promisin…

Hepatīta B vīrusa morfoģenēzes pētījumi, izmantojot alfavīrusu ekspresijas sistēmu

2015

Darba mērķis bija pētīt hepatīta B vīrusa (HBV) kapsīda, subvirālo daļiņu un virionu izveides nosacījumus, izmantojot alfavīrusa ekspresijas sistēmu. Inficēto BHK-21 šūnu preparātu analīze tika veikta ar ELISA, imunoblotu un imunocitoķīmiju. Tika veiksmīgi izveidoti rekombinanti SFV1-HBV vīrusi – PG – pilna genoma HBV vīruss un HBC – vīruss, ko veido kapsīda proteīni, kā arī pārbaudīti laboratorijas kolekcijā esošais saīsināta kapsīda proteīna ΔC vīruss, un apvalka proteīna 1/L vīruss. Veicot BHK-21 šūnu infekciju ar 1/L vīrusu kombinācijā ar HBC, PG vai ΔC vīrusiem, bija jāņem vērā alfavīrusu konkurence. Tika novēroti dažāda brieduma kapsīdi ar atšķirīgu nukleīnskābju saturu ko raksturo at…

Building a statistical surveillance dashboard for COVID-19 infection worldwide

2020

When a pandemic like the current novel coronavirus (COVID-19) breaks out, it is important that authorities, healthcare organizations and official decision makers, have in place an effective monitoring system to promptly analyze data, create new insights into problematic areas and generate actionable knowledge for fact-based decision making. The aim of this article is to describe an initial work focused on building a comprehensive statistical surveillance dashboard for the epidemic of COVID-19, which can be exploited also for future needs. We propose novel ways of exploring, analyzing and presenting data, using metrics that have not been used previously. We also show the steps necessary to b…