Search results for "HB"
showing 10 items of 1066 documents
Reactivation of chronic type B hepatitis: the effect on expression of serum HBV-DNA and pre-S encoded proteins.
1988
Hepatitis B markers were studied in seven patients with reactivated liver disease. Reactivation of chronic type B hepatitis, as indicated by the reappearance of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in the serum, was characterised by the appearance of hepatitis B virus-DNA (HBV-DNA) in the serum. The expression of pre-S 1 encoded protein remained unchanged in five of seven patients, and poly-HSA as a marker for pre-S 2 encoded protein remained detectable in six of seven patients before and after reactivation of chronic hepatitis. The level of serum HBV-DNA correlated well with the level of liver enzymes, which rose from normal to various levels after reactivation of the liver disease. The data sugg…
HBV virological suppression: still not enough to save from hepatocellular carcinoma. A case report on a 15-year, real-life story
2017
Among HIV-infected patients worldwide, 2-4 million are chronically infected with HBV. We report a 15-year, real-life story of a patient with HBV-HIV coinfection, who developed HCC despite high treatment adherence and complete viral suppression. The aim of our report is to alert the infectious diseases community to monitor the possible development of HCC regardless of high treatment adherence and complete viral suppression.
k-Nearest neighbour local linear prediction of scalp EEG activity during intermittent photic stimulation
2011
The characterization of the EEG response to photic stimulation (PS) is an important issue with significant clinical relevance. This study aims to quantify and map the complexity of the EEG during PS, where complexity is measured as the degree of unpredictability resulting from local linear prediction. EEG activity was recorded with eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO) during resting and PS at 5, 10, and 15. Hz in a group of 30 healthy subjects and in a case-report of a patient suffering from cerebral ischemia. The mean squared prediction error (MSPE) resulting from k-nearest neighbour local linear prediction was calculated in each condition as an index of EEG unpredictability. The linear or …
Can the serological status of anti-HBc alone be considered a sentinel marker for detection of occult HBV infection?
2008
Some individuals have “occult” infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), defined as presence of HBV genome in the serum or liver tissue without HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum antibodies against HBV core antigen in isolation (“anti-HBc alone”) are a useful marker of “occult” HBV in patients with or without hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. “Anti-HBc alone” was detected in the sera of 119/6,544 (1.8%) asymptomatic outpatients referred to the diagnostic laboratory for routine testing for viral hepatitis, 62/607 (10.2%) drug users, and 42/195 (21.5%) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Using three in-house nested-PCR amplifica…
Differential genetic determination of immune responsiveness to hepatitis B surface antigen and to hepatitis A virus: a vaccination study in twins.
2002
Summary Background The course of viral hepatitis is thought to be affected by genetic host variability and, in particular, by genes of the major histocompatibility locus. Hepatitis A and B vaccination is a useful model to study the effect of host factors on the immune response to viral antigens. We aimed to assess the heritability of the HBsAg (anti-HBs) and anti-hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) immune response and to estimate the effect of the HLA-DRB1 locus and other genetic loci unlinked to HLA. Methods We did an open prospective study and vaccinated 202 twin pairs with a combined recombinant HBsAg/inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. We measured antibodies to HBsAg and HAV and determined HLA-DR…
Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in dermatological patients in west Sicily: a seroepidemiological study
2002
Objectives To evaluate the relative frequencies and molecular epidemiological features of viral hepatitis types B and C in dermatological patients in our geographical area. Methods We determined the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in a cohort of 677 dermatological patients admitted to the Department of Dermatology of Palermo. An 8-mL blood sample was taken from all subjects. The following assays were used: HBsAg, anti-HB core (antigen) (anti-HBc), anti-HB surface (antigen) (anti-HBs), anti-HB early (antigen) (anti-Hbe) and anti-HCV antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results One hundred and eigh…
The effect of recombinant alpha-interferon treatment on serum levels of hepatitis B virus-encoded proteins in man.
1987
The effect of alpha-interferon treatment on serum levels of hepatitis B virus-encoded proteins was analyzed in eight patients with chronic type B hepatitis who participated in a pilot study of interferon therapy. Three individuals became HBsAg-negative, 4 lost HBeAg but remained HBsAg-positive and 1 remained positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg. Initiation of interferon treatment was rapidly followed by reduction or loss of hepatitis B virus DNA in the serum but by little immediate change in hepatitis B virus antigen levels. Changes in hepatitis B virus antigens were usually delayed. Loss of HBsAg from the serum was preceded by the sequential disappearance of pre-S-encoded proteins (pre-S1 and…
A functional polymorphism in theIL-10 promoter influences the response after vaccination with HBsAg and hepatitis A
2005
The immune response to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is mostly genetically determined. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a central immunoregulatory cytokine with important effects on B-cells. We have studied the influence of IL-10 promoter polymorphisms on the immune response to HBsAg and hepatitis A vaccination. We vaccinated 202 twin pairs in an open prospective study with a combined recombinant HBsAg/inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. IL-10 promoter polymorphisms were investigated in all individuals and their influence on anti-HBs, and anti-HAV responsiveness was studied. In the multiple regression analysis accounting for smoking, gender, body mass index and age, the ACC haplotype (-1082, -8…
Hepatitis B defective virus with rearrangements in the preS gene during chronic HBV infection.
1991
We have found a defective form of HBV2 in a HBsAg- and anti-HBe-positive patient with liver cancer. Viral deletions were identified in the preS coding region using PCR. The presence of deleted HBV forms was observed in serum, PBMC, and liver samples. After sequencing 12 clones were analyzed (subtype adr). In 9 out of 12 clones a 183-bp in-frame deletion was recorded in the preS1 region (2995 to 3177). Three out of 9 clones also yielded rearrangements of the preS2 N-terminal part. Four out of 9 showed numerous point mutations in the preS1 and preS2 sequence. In addition, 3 out of 12 clones, which did not show the 183-bp preS1 deletion were found to have small deletions and insertions in the …
Occult Hepatitis B Infection in the Immigrant Population of Sicily, Italy.
2012
In Italy, about 7 % of the resident population is represented by immigrants originating from geographic regions at high endemicity for hepatitis B virus infection. This study aims to assess the prevalence of occult HBV infection (OBI) including the identification of HBV-genotypes in a population of immigrants serologically negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Between May 2006 and May 2010, 339 immigrants were tested for markers of HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. HBV-DNA was tested by using nested-PCR assays on three different genetic region. HBV-DNA was detected in plasma samples of 11/339 (3.2 %) patients. Most of them had no ser…