Search results for "HBSAG"
showing 10 items of 127 documents
Add-on peginterferon alfa-2a to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy for Caucasian patients with hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B genot…
2019
Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) and peginterferon have complementary effects in chronic hepatitis B, but it is unclear whether combination therapy improves responses in genotype D-infected patients. We conducted an open-label study of peginterferon alfa-2a 180 μg/week added to ongoing NA therapy in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative, genotype D-infected patients with HBV DNA <20 IU/mL. The primary endpoint was proportion of patients with ≥50% decline in serum HBsAg by the end of the 48-week add-on phase. Seventy patients received treatment, 11 were withdrawn at week 24 for no decrease in HBsAg, and 14 withdrew for other reasons. Response rate (per-protocol population) was 67.4% (29/43) at…
Neonatal vaccination with an acellular pertussis vaccine accelerates the acquisition of pertussis antibodies in infants
2007
Objectives Because young infants are at highest risk of pertussis complications, this study assessed whether neonatal acellular pertussis (aP) vaccination could provide earlier immunity. Study design Neonates (n = 121) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either aP or hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) (controls) vaccine at birth, followed by vaccination with DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib at 2, 4 and 6 months. Immune responses were measured. Reactogenicity was assessed for 7 days after each dose. Results The aP birth dose was followed by few adverse events. Reactogenicity of subsequent vaccine doses did not differ between groups. Seven serious adverse events were reported from each group; none were related to…
The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on hepatitis B vaccination in haemodialysis patients.
1996
Haemodialysis patients often fail to respond to hepatitis B vaccination. In this pilot study, 15 patients previously non-responsive to at least three 40 micrograms doses of hepatitis B vaccine were given 0.5, 5 or 10 micrograms kg-1 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) subcutaneously 24 h prior to booster vaccination with a hepatitis B vaccine. Seven of the 15 patients developed antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAb) (35-7240 IU L-1) upon initial vaccination with GM-CSF and two of four individuals responded with low HBsAb titres of 15 and 60 IU L-1 when revaccinated with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and twice the dose of GM-CSF. The application of GM-CSF…
Impact of HBV, HCV and GBV-C/HGV on hepatocellular carcinomas in Europe: results of a European concerted action.
1998
Abstract Background/Aims: To investigate the impact of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infections on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Europe. Methods: Five hundred and three patients with HCC, from six liver centers, were included. All 503 sera and 80 liver samples were tested for HBV DNA and HCV RNA by polymerase chain reaction. GBV-C/HGV RNA was also tested in 57 sera. Results: HBsAg and anti-HCV were detected in 19% and 40.1% of the patients, respectively. Serum and liver HBV DNA were detected in 82% and 91% of the HBsAg positive subjects. HBV DNA was also detected in the serum and liver of 33% and 47% of HBsAg negative patients. In this group, serum HBV DNA was more prevalent in anti-HBs…
Evaluating the risk of hepatitis B reactivation in patients with haematological malignancies: is the serum hepatitis B virus profile reliable?
2009
Background/Aim: Patients with an occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection undergoing deep immunosuppression are potentially at risk of HBV reactivation. In order to assess whether a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for HBV DNA in serum could be used to predict the reactivation of an occult HBV infection, we performed a retrospective study in a cohort of Sicilian patients with oncohaematological diseases. Methods: We studied by a highly sensitive ad hoc nested PCR for serum HBV DNA 75 HBsAg-negative oncohaematological patients requiring chemotherapy. Results: Thirty-three patients (44%) were HBV seronegative (anti-HBc and anti-HBs negative) and 42 patients (56%) were HBV seropositive (a…
Detection of hepatitis B virus markers in sera of asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers with special emphasis to pre-S-encoded proteins.
1987
Sera of asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers were analyzed for the presence of pre-S-encoded proteins. Four individuals with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis uniformly expressed pre-S1- and pre-S2-encoded proteins. Individuals who had histologically normal or largely normal livers were heterogeneous with respect to expression of pre-S-encoded proteins. This heterogeneous expression of pre-S-encoded proteins occurred most likely due to difference in serum HBsAg concentration. Alternatively differences in pre-S gene expression need to be considered. Clinically the study indicates that expression of pre-S domains in serum is unrelated to viremia or chronic liver disease.
Modification of Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Recombinant Leukocyte Alpha A Interferon
1986
A defect in alpha interferon production in patients with chronic type B hepatitis offers a rationale principle for treating this disease with interferon. Two trials with interferon in chronic type B hepatitis indicate that this therapy achieves an elimination of HBsAg and HBeAg significantly higher than spontaneous. Our study and that of others indicate, however, that the response to interferon therapy is dependent on many variables including: the type of interferon, the interferon dose, duration of interferon treatment, sex, sexual preference in men and coinfection with other viruses. As of the multiple modes of action of interferon, a better understanding of viral replication, of the anti…
Treatment of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive chronic hepatitis with recombinant leucocyte α-A interferon
1986
A total of 32 individuals with HBsAg-positive and anti-delta-negative chronic hepatitis were treated with recombinant alpha-A interferon in phase I and phase II studies. In 5/32 patients HBsAg could be eliminated and in 19/32 individuals HBeAg became negative including all those who also eliminated HBsAg. Side-effects were tolerable in most patients and were readily reversible upon discontinuation of interferon therapy. In conclusion, treatment of HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis with interferon seems to be a promising therapeutic approach. Future studies will have to establish the optimal dose, duration of treatment and factors predicting a favourable outcome of the treatment.
Hepatitis B virus and delta infection in male homosexuals
2008
— Six hundred and sixty-six homosexuals were analysed in respect of hepatitis B virus and delta infections. Evidence of ongoing or recent hepatitis B virus infection was found in 450/666 (67.6%) homosexuals; 44 were HBsAg positive. Anti-delta was found in two HBsAg-positive homosexuals. Both individuals had a non-replicative form of HBV infection and biochemical evidence of liver disease. The study confirms that HBV infection is frequent in homosexuals and indicates that delta-infection is rare in male homosexuals.
Evolving clinical landscape of chronic hepatitis B: A multicenter Italian study
2009
The aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics of chronic hepatitis B with special reference to the geographical origin of the patients and to the prevalence of HBeAg and viral and non-viral co-factors of liver disease. A cross-sectional multicenter survey was undertaken, which enrolled 1,386 HBsAg chronic carriers observed consecutively in 21 referral centers over a 6-month period. The prevalence of HBeAg in patients was 11%; the presence of HBeAg was associated independently with a younger age and co-infection with HIV. Anti-HDV, anti-HCV, or anti-HIV antibodies were detected in 8.1%, 6.5%, and 2%, respectively. However, among the patients first diagnosed during the study period…