Search results for "HEMODYNAMICS"

CK-BB as indicator of prenatal brain-cell injury in fetuses with absent or reverse end-diastolic flow velocities of the umbilical arteries

1994

The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of brain type isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-BB) as a possible indicator of a pre-existing intrauterine brain-cell damage in cord blood sera of fetuses with preceding absent or reverse end-diastolic flow velocities of the umbilical arteries (AREDFV). CK-BB isoenzyme activities were determined in umbilical cord sera of 13 newborn infants with preceding AREDFV and in 14 fetuses with low end-diastolic flow velocities (LEDFV) of the umbilical arteries. 50 newborn infants with elective cesarean section and normal umbilical artery blood flow velocity waveforms were used as controls. Two-tailed Student's t-test and Fischer's exact test were us…

Effects of heat and cold on health, with special reference to Finnish sauna bathing.

2018

Environmental stress such as extremely warm or cold temperature is often considered a challenge to human health and body homeostasis. However, the human body can adapt relatively well to heat and cold environments, and recent studies have also elucidated that particularly heat stress might be even highly beneficial for human health. Consequently, the aim of the present brief review is first to discuss general cardiovascular and other responses to acute heat stress, followed by a review of beneficial effects of Finnish sauna bathing on general and cardiovascular health and mortality as well as dementia and Alzheimer's disease risk. Plausible mechanisms included are improved endothelial and …

Relation between autoradiographically measured blood flow and ATP concentrations obtained from imaging bioluminescence in tumors following hypertherm…

1993

The effects of moderate local hyperthermia (43.3 degrees C/30 min) on regional blood flow and regional ATP distribution in the amelanotic hamster melanoma A-Mel-3 were investigated by high-resolution techniques. Blood flow and ATP concentrations were measured simultaneously in treated and untreated tumors and in adjacent tissues by means of (14C)-Iodoantipyrine autoradiography and quantitative imaging bioluminescence in consecutive tissue sections at 3, 12 and 24 hr following treatment. Digital image processing and the use of a special algorithm allowed the regional interrelationship of the 2 parameters to be quantified. Measurements revealed a great heterogeneity of blood flow and ATP betw…

Comparison of two different techniques of reperfusion in adult orthotopic liver transplantation

2006

: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of two reperfusion techniques on the peri-operative hemodynamic changes and early post-operative graft function of adult patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. Material and methods: From June 2003 to May 2004, 50 consecutive liver transplants were performed and divided into two groups: group A, 25 patients, portal vein flush with 500 cm3 of Ringer's lactate without vena caval venting. Group B, 25 patients, vena caval venting with no portal vein flush. Donor and recipient characteristics were similar in both groups. Sixty-four different parameters were analyzed, and Pearson's χ2 test and t-test were used for statistical analy…

Effect of diazoxide on left ventricular performance in hypertension.

1975

The effect of diazoxide on left ventricular performance during rest and isometric exercise (handgrip) was examined in 16 unselected hypertensive patients, 6 of whom had been pretreated with the beta-adrenergic blocking agent pindolol. Diazoxide regularly and promptly produced a fall in left ventricular systolic and end diastolic pressures, and an increase in heart rate and left ventricular dp/dtmax. Haemodynamic changes were maximal 2 minutes after injection of the drug and decreased little over the next 8 minutes. After beta-adrenergic blockade, diazoxide caused a more pronounced reduction in left ventricular systolic pressure and a less marked fall in end-diastolic pressure, whilst the di…

Long-term evaluation of quinapril in mild to moderate hypertension: assessment of renal haemodynamics and function.

1995

Systematic review with meta-analysis: the haemodynamic effects of carvedilol compared with propranolol for portal hypertension in cirrhosis

2013

Summary Background Propranolol is recommended for prophylaxis of variceal bleeding in cirrhosis. Carvedilol is a nonselective beta-blocker with a mild anti-alfa-1-adrenergic activity. Several studies have compared carvedilol and propranolol, yielding inconsistent results. Aim To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the randomised clinical trials comparing carvedilol with propranolol for hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction. Methods Studies were searched on the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases up to November 2013. The weighted mean difference in percent hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction and the relative risk of failure to achieve a hemodynamic response (r…

Color Doppler Ultrasound in Portal Hypertension

2020

Portal hypertension is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients. A color Doppler evaluation of the left gastric vein (LGV) has proven utility in the prediction of esophageal varices and variceal bleeding in patients with portal hypertension. The purpose of this review is to discuss the ultrasound evaluation, imaging findings, and clinical application of Doppler ultrasound in the assessment of the LGV. Knowledge of the color Doppler technique and imaging findings of the LGV may help clinicians improve the monitoring of portal hypertension and predict patients with a high risk of esophageal varices.

Prevention of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from portal hypertension in cirrhosis: rationale for medical treatment.

1992

We updated meta-analysis and critical descriptive analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the value of beta-blockers in preventing first bleeding (prophylactic) or rebleeding (therapeutic) and on survival of patients with cirrhosis. Both the methods of Peto-Mantel-Haenszel and DerSimonian-Laird were used to assess the heterogeneity and obtain cumulative estimates of treatment effects; the L'Abbé plot was also used for a visual assessment of heterogeneity in the direction of treatment effect. Seven prophylactic and nine therapeutic RCTs were analysed. beta-Blockers uniformly reduced the bleeding risk and revealed a trend toward improved survival in non-ascitic, well-compensat…

Clinical implications of the hyperdynamic syndrome in cirrhosis.

2014

Abstract The hyperdynamic syndrome is a late consequence of portal hypertension in cirrhosis. The principal hemodynamic manifestations of the hyperdynamic syndrome are high cardiac output, and increased heart rate and total blood volume, accompanied by reduced total systemic vascular resistance. Pathophysiology involves a complex of humoral and neural mechanisms that can determine hemodynamic changes, and lead to hyperdynamic circulation. In this review we focus our attention on the manifestations of the hyperdynamic syndrome. Some of these are well described and directly related to portal hypertension (varices, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome), while others, such …