Search results for "HIV"
showing 10 items of 1527 documents
Funcionamiento neuropsicológico en drogodependientes VIH/SIDA inmunodeprimidos: Importancia de la fase de la infección y del consumo de drogas
2000
Todavía no disponemos de factores de riesgo definitivos que permitan predecir la naturaleza y magnitud de las complicaciones neuropsicológicas asociadas a la infección por VIH. Con este trabajo nos planteamos estudiar la naturaleza del deterioro neuropsicológico asociado al VIH en drogodependientes con historia de consumo de drogas por vía intravenosa inmunodeprimidos, así como determinar la influencia que tienen sobre el mismo la fase clínica de la infección (asintomáticolSIDA) y el consumo de drogas. Para ello hemos utilizado una muestra de 20 drogodependientes voluntarios en distintas fases de la infección (A3 y C3). En cada uno de estos grupos la mitad de los sujetos se encuentra en abs…
The study of climate change in Primary Education: an exploration from Social Science textbooks in the Valencian Community
2020
El cambio climático constituye uno de los principales desafíos socio-ambientales del actual siglo XXI. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los contenidos sobre el cambio climático que proponen los manuales escolares de Educación Primaria de Ciencias Sociales (3er ciclo) en la Comunidad Valenciana (España) atendiendo a: 1) la explicación del fenómeno (causas y consecuencias); y 2) la descripción de los principales gases de efecto invernadero. Los resultados indican que actualmente estos recursos proyectan una imagen excesivamente catastrófica sobre el cambio climático, especialmente por las consecuencias que se aluden (incremento de los fenómenos extremos atmosféricos) y citando co…
English Language Neologisms in Multicultural Business Meetings in The Period of Pandemics
2022
Pētījumā ar virsrakstu “Angļu Valodas Neoloģismi Multikulturālās Biznesa Sapulcēs Pandēmiju Periodā” mērķis ir atrast un analizēt neoloģismus, kas radušies multikulturālās biznesa sapulcēs COVID-19 un HIV/AIDS pandēmiju periodā, lai attaisnotu, ka lielāks skaits neoloģismu radās COVID-19 pandēmijas, nevis HIV/AIDS pandēmijas laikā. Šajā darbā izmantotās pētniecības metodes ietver gan kvantitatīvās (morfoloģiskās analīzes – vārdu veidošanas analīzes, gan kvalitatīvās (aptaujas) metodes. Tika secināts, ka neoloģismi ir jaunradīti vārdi un, runājot par multikulturālu biznesa sapulces pandēmiju periodā, patiešām ir iespējams un jāanalizē, pārsvarā radušies COVID-19 pandēmijas, nevis HIV/AIDS pa…
Introduction and Empirical Framework
2021
Part III describes the methodology used to converge the micro and macro approach. The methodology chosen has been the case study. The first part of this chapter justifies the election of the methodology. The second part is the explanation of the case study. Through diverse sources of archival data as well as scientific papers and an interview with her founder (Dr. Mateo), the chapter addresses the issue of social entrepreneurship’s role as a problem solver showing the case of a social entrepreneur and the technology developed to change the context. The methodology is presented as a time series that the entrepreneur follows until she finds a way to add value to society. The critical moment a…
Alien plant invasions in Mediterranean habitats: an assessment for Sicily
2021
AbstractLevels of plant invasions in different habitat types were assessed in several regional studies, but few of them were from the Mediterranean. Here we compare the levels of vascular plant invasion across habitats and plant communities of Sicily. We used a large dataset of plant species presences/absences in vegetation plots to analyze the invasion patterns across habitats considering biogeography, life form and phenology of alien plants. Vegetation plots were classified based on the EUNIS classification of European habitats. The invasiveness of each species was expressed in terms of its absolute and percentage frequency. Representation of different life forms and phenological patterns…
In-Depth Characterization of Viral Isolates from Plasma and Cells Compared with Plasma Circulating Quasispecies in Early HIV-1 Infection
2012
Background The use of in vitro models to unravel the phenotypic characteristics of circulating viral variants is key to understanding HIV-1 pathogenesis but limited by the availability of primary viral isolates from biological samples. However, overall in vivo genetic variability of HIV-1 within a subject may not be reflected in the viable viral population obtained after isolation. Although several studies have tried to determine whether viral populations expanded in vitro are representative of in vivo findings, the answer remains unclear due to the reduced number of clonal sequences analyzed or samples compared. In order to overcome previous experimental limitations, here we applied Deep P…
Modification of the immune response against hepatitis B virus by the human immunodeficiency virus.
1989
Hepatitis B virus and the human immunodeficiency virus are similarly transmitted. Individuals with preexisting HIV infection have a higher chance to become HBsAg carriers than do anti-HIV negative persons. Cytotoxic T cells with specificity for HBcAg, that are under the control of HBcAg-specific helper T cells, are responsible for liver injury. There is good evidence that HIV infection lowers inflammatory activity, is associated with milder liver histology, high levels of viral replication and low seroconversion rates. In addition interferon alpha therapy is less effective in anti-HIV positive subjects. The immune response against HBsAg is helper T-cell dependent and vaccination against hep…
Expression and cellular localization of the Nef protein from human immunodeficiency virus-1 in stably transfected B-cells.
1992
Nef protein, encoded by the regulatory nef gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), was expressed in the B-cell line Raji. The cells were stably transfected with plasmids containing the nef transcriptional cassette. They expressed Nef with an Mr of 27,000; the yield could be augmented by incubation with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. The intracellular localization of Nef was analyzed applying immunofluorescence microscopy using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The antigen was stained with a monoclonal antibody directed against the N-terminal part of Nef. The experiments revealed that in non-dividing cells Nef is present both in the cytoplasm and th…
Cordycepin analogues of 2',5'-oligoadenylate inhibit human immunodeficiency virus infection via inhibition of reverse transcriptase.
1991
Analogues of 2',5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A), the cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) core trimer (Co3) and its 5'-monophosphate derivative (pCo3), were shown to display pronounced anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity in vitro. Treatment of HIV-1 infected H9 cells with 1 microM Co3 or pCo3 resulted in an almost 100% inhibition of virus production. The compounds were encapsulated in liposomes targeted by antibodies specific for the T-cell receptor molecule CD3. Substitution of one or two cordycepin units in Co3 or pCo3 decreased the antiviral activity of the compounds. pCo3 did not stimulate 2-5A-dependent ribonuclease L activity and displayed no effect on the amount of cellular…
A mathematical model for the therapy of the HIV infection
2005
In this paper we consider the evolution of the HIV infection under a highly effective treatment based on a combination of RTI and/or PI drugs. This is usually modelled with a set of ODEs where the drug efficacy is a constant. In this paper we consider the treatment efficacy as a dynamic variable which evolves during the treatment. To model the dynamics of the drug efficacy we use an evolutive type assumption. The resulting set of ODEs are able to reproduce the typical pattern of the illness evolution under treatment: a period of remission, which can last several years, followed by a progressive recrudescence and a viral rebound.