Search results for "HLA"
showing 10 items of 664 documents
Fungal Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation in Children With Beta-Cell Autoimmunity
2020
Although gut bacterial dysbiosis is recognized as a regulator of beta-cell autoimmunity, no data is available on fungal dysbiosis in the children at the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D). We hypothesized that the co-occurrence of fungal and bacterial dysbiosis contributes to the intestinal inflammation and autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells in T1D. Fecal and blood samples were collected from 26 children tested positive for at least one diabetes-associated autoantibody (IAA, GADA, IA-2A or ICA) and matched autoantibody-negative children with HLA-conferred susceptibility to T1D (matched for HLA-DQB1 haplotype, age, gender and early childhood nutrition). Bacterial 16S and funga…
Heterogeneity of circulating CD8 T-cells specific to islet, neo-antigen and virus in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
2018
Auto-reactive CD8 T-cells play an important role in the destruction of pancreatic β-cells resulting in type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the phenotype of these auto-reactive cytolytic CD8 T-cells has not yet been extensively described. We used high-dimensional mass cytometry to phenotype autoantigen- (pre-proinsulin), neoantigen- (insulin-DRIP) and virus- (cytomegalovirus) reactive CD8 T-cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of T1D patients. A panel of 33 monoclonal antibodies was designed to further characterise these cells at the single-cell level. HLA-A2 class I tetramers were used for the detection of antigen-specific CD8 T-cells. Using a novel Hierarchical Stochastic Neighb…
Anti-HLA alloantibodies of the IgA isotype in re-transplant candidates part II: Correlation with graft survival
2017
We reported previously on the widespread occurrence of anti-HLA alloantibodies of the IgA isotype (anti-HLA IgA) in the sera of solid-organ re-transplantation (re-tx) candidates (Arnold et al., ). Specifically focussing on kidney re-tx patients, we now extended our earlier findings by examining the impact of the presence and donor specificity of anti-HLA IgA on graft survival. We observed frequent concurrence of anti-HLA IgA and anti-HLA IgG in 27% of our multicenter collective of 694 kidney re-tx patients. This subgroup displayed significantly reduced graft survival as evidenced by the median time to first dialysis after transplantation (TTD 77 months) compared to patients carrying either …
Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections in children with pneumonia. Mowgli Study Group.
2001
The most common clinical signs, host responses and radiographic patterns were studied in 203 Italian children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia in order to clarify the role of clinical and radiological characteristics in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and/or Chlamydia pneumoniae infections. Antibody measurements in paired sera and polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal aspirates were used to establish the diagnoses of acute. M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae infection, and the aetiologic data were correlated with the clinical, laboratory and radiographic data obtained on admission. No significant association was observed between evidence of M. pneumoniae and/or C. pne…
Combination of KIR 2DL2 and HLA-C1 (Asn 80) confers susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Latvians.
2008
Summary Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are known to modulate natural killer (NK) and NK T-cell function by interacting with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands on target cells. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of KIR2D genes with their HLA-C ligands in susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. A total of 98 type 1 diabetes patients and 70 healthy subjects from Latvia were typed for KIR genes and HLA-C ligands using polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping. The HLA C1+/C2+ combination was positively, and C1–/C2+ combination was negatively, associated with type 1 diabetes. Stratification analysis of KIR/HLA-C ligand combinations showed 2DL2+/C1+, 2DL3+/C…
Wolfram's syndrome and HLA.
1988
A Sicilian family with three siblings affected by Wolfram's syndrome (Ws) is reported. HLA typing was performed in eight individuals from this family through three generations. Two of the three patients were HLA DR2 positive. The results suggest that the gene for Ws is not linked to the HLA region on chromosome 6, but located on some other chromosome, and that the allele HLA DR2 might predispose to the mutation responsible for Ws.
HLA association is different in children and adults with severe acquired aplastic anemia
2007
Background Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is defined as pancytopenia caused by bone marrow failure. The pathogenesis of SAA is thought to involve autoimmune processes. Increased susceptibility to autoimmunity has been shown to be associated with several different HLA alleles. In SAA, few large studies based on data mainly from adults describe a positive HLA correlation with HLA-DR2 (DRB1*15) and HLA-B14. Procedure This study explored the HLA constitution of 181 children with SAA who were enrolled in the prospective multi-center study SAA94 between January 1994 and January 2002. The control group consisted of 303 healthy individuals of comparable demographic background. Allelic frequencies bet…
The Prevalence of sexual abuse in institutions : Results from a representative population-based sample in Germany
2018
The lifetime prevalence of sexual abuse in institutional settings in Germany was examined in a sample representative of the general adult population (N = 2,437). Participants completed a survey on whether they had ever experienced such abuse, its nature (contact, noncontact, forced sexual, intercourse), the type of institution (e.g. school, club), and the relationship of perpetrator to victim (peer, caregiver, staff member). Overall, 3.1% of adult respondents (women: 4.8%, men: 0.8%) reported having experienced some type of sexual abuse in institutions. Adult women reported higher rates of all types than did men, with rates of 3.9% versus 0.8% for contact sexual abuse, 1.2% versus 0.3% for …
Association Between the HLA-A2 Allele and Alzheimer Disease
2006
In the elderly, the most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer disease (AD), which is responsible for the age-related progressive neurodegenerative inflammatory condition mediated by the disease. It has been seen that several genetic and environmental factors are involved in AD onset. Epidemiologic data suggest that some genetic determinants of AD might reside in those polymorphisms that regulate immune inflammatory responses, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Therefore, several MHC polymorphisms have been in the spotlight of a large number of AD association studies. A possible association of HLA-A2 allele with increased susceptibility to AD has been the subject of debate …
HLA, aging, and longevity: a critical reappraisal.
2000
Despite a large number of studies, available data do not allow at present to reach definitive and clear conclusions on role of HLA on longevity, owing to major methodological problems, such as serological and molecular typing of different loci, insufficient sample sizes, different inclusion criteria and age cut-off, inappropriate mixing of data referred to people from 58 to over 100 years of age, inappropriate control matching, and neglected consideration of sex-related effects and the different genetic make-up of studied populations. However, within this confused scenario, some data emerge. First, two studies that do not fit the biases above discussed show that some HLA alleles are associa…